Weather warnings
Focus on
Early warning information
· The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning for heavy fog
· The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning for severe convective weather
· Forecast of key weather in the sea area in the near future
· Specific forecast for the next three days
Fog Aviation Precautions
Precautions for navigation in severe convective weather
The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning for heavy fog at 06:00 on April 16:
It is expected that from the morning to the morning of April 16, there will be heavy fog with visibility of less than 1 km in the northeast and central and eastern seas of the Yellow Sea and some areas along the northeast coast of Zhejiang, in addition, there will be heavy fog in parts of southern Shandong, eastern and southern Henan, northern Jiangsu, northern Anhui, northwest Hubei, eastern Zhejiang, eastern Fujian, northern Hunan, northern Jiangxi, northern Guangdong, eastern Liaoning and other places, of which southern Henan, southern Shandong, northern Anhui, and eastern coastal areas of Zhejiang have strong dense fog with visibility of less than 200 meters.
The Central Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow warning for severe convective weather at 10 a.m. on April 16:
It is expected that from 14 o'clock on April 16 to 14 o'clock on the 17th, there will be 8-10 thunderstorms and strong winds or hail in parts of southeastern Chongqing, eastern Guizhou, Hunan, central and northern Jiangxi, central and southern Zhejiang, northern Fujian, northern Guangxi and other places, and local winds can reach more than 11; There will be short-term heavy precipitation in some areas of northern Guangxi and other places, with a maximum hourly rainfall of 30-60 mm, and locally up to more than 70 mm.
Weather forecasts for key offshore areas
· There will be heavy fog in parts of the Yellow Sea
It is expected that from the morning to the morning of the 16th, there will be heavy fog with visibility of less than 1 km in the northeastern and central eastern seas of the Yellow Sea and some seas along the northeastern coast of Zhejiang.
· There will be winds of 5~7 in the coastal waters of the mainland
It is expected that from the day of the 16th to the night of the 18th, there will be southerly winds of magnitude 5~7 with gusts of 8 in the Beibu Gulf, the northwest and central and western seas of the South China Sea, and from the day of the 17th to the night of the 18th, there will be winds of magnitude 5~7 with gusts of 8 in the southern waters of the East China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, and the ocean east of Taiwan.
· There will be thunderstorms and strong winds in some sea areas along the coast of Zhejiang and Fujian
It is expected that during the day on the 16th, there will be thunderstorms and gales of 8~10 in some sea areas along the southeast coast of Zhejiang and northeast Fujian, and on the night of the 16th, there will be thunderstorms and gales of 8~10 in some sea areas along the central coast of Zhejiang.
Specific forecast for the next three days
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Fog Aviation Precautions
Make timely judgments based on visibility
1. When the sight distance is less than 5 nautical miles, it is considered that the visibility is poor, and the vehicle should be prepared immediately, and the safe speed suitable for the environment, conditions and characteristics of the ship should be used immediately. Turn on the radar and use it correctly, quickly determine the ship's position, record the log readings, open windows to enhance lookouts, and turn on navigation lights.
2. When the visual distance is less than 2 nautical miles, it is considered that the visibility is seriously poor, and the captain should be reported immediately, and at the same time, slow down, whistle according to the chapter, stop the autopilot, use the hand steerer instead, turn on the VHF radiotelephone and use it correctly, and the captain should go to the bridge to command. The VHF radiophone used in fog navigation should be kept on the 16 channel, regularly broadcast the ship's position, dynamics, and fog conditions, and exchange their respective conditions and dynamics with nearby ships, and coordinate avoidance intentions and actions.
3. When the line of sight is bad, the fishing boats are dense, the avoidance is difficult, the channel is complex and the captain is not sure about the safety of navigation, in order to ensure the safety of the ship's fog navigation, if conditions permit, the captain has the right to choose a place to anchor or stay at sea, and do not sail blindly.
Be fully prepared before entering the fog airline
1. Before entering the fog navigation, the ship should strictly implement the relevant provisions in the company's safety management system documents, do a good job of the company's fog navigation records, and carefully record the measures taken by the ship in the navigation logbook, the clock record book, and the engine logbook. The captain shall supervise the pilot to inspect all kinds of navigation instruments, fog horns and navigation lights to ensure the normal use of fog navigation, and urge relevant personnel to check the drainage and watertight equipment to keep them in good condition.
2. Timely copy weather forecasts, meteorological faxes, navigation warnings and fog navigation warnings, the captain of the fog data, navigation area characteristics, tide tide and navigation density and other information should be fully mastered, combined with the performance and characteristics of the ship, do a good job of emergency plans under various complex conditions and explain clearly to the relevant personnel.
3. Drivers should keep a regular lookout, observe carefully, and judge whether visibility is deteriorating and whether they are entering the fog area from the changes in lights, water antennas, wind direction, targets, etc.
4. The chief engineer shall prepare sufficient fuel for the main engine to change speed according to the captain's requirements.
What do crew members on duty do?
· Driver:
Before the fog hits, the pilot on duty should seize the opportunity to use the navigation instrument to determine the position of the ship.
In the event of fog, the pilot on duty shall immediately take the following measures and report to the captain:
(1) Shake the reserve car, reduce the speed appropriately, and notify the engineer on duty in case of fog (the degree of slow speed should be determined according to the sight distance at that time, the ability and flexibility of the ship to reverse, that is, to sail in the fog, if the ship is suddenly found, it is generally required to be able to stop the ship at half the distance of the coming ship);
(2) start issuing fog horns;
(3) Send a sailor to the bow of the ship to lookout, and if the wind and waves are too strong to look at the bow of the ship, he can be sent to look out on the bridge;
(4) Depending on the situation, order the closure of all or part of the watertight door;
(5) Prepare all kinds of life-saving equipment for use at any time, and prepare at least one lifeboat to be in a state of immediate decentralization.
· Captain:
When the captain learns of the fog, he must immediately go to the bridge and personally direct it. The driver on duty informs the captain of the boat's position, surroundings and the measures taken. The master of the ship should study the measures taken and should pay particular attention to the accuracy of the current speed. If the fog voyage lasts for a long time, the captain can give instructions to the pilot on duty and rest in the chart room according to the situation.
· Engineer:
Regardless of the speed of the vessel, the engineer on duty should maintain the boiler at full vapor pressure so that it can reverse at full speed in case of emergency.
· Chief Engineer:
The chief engineer shall go down to the engine room at any time to supervise and inspect to ensure the normal operation of the engine, electric and furnace equipment and their systems.
· All Crew on Board:
Keep the whole ship silent, strictly prohibit noise, prohibit sound that affects hearing, prohibit cabin lights from being exposed at night, and open the relevant doors and windows of the bridge at the same time.
Precautions for navigation in severe convective weather
On the part of the vessel, it should be able to:
1. All ships should attach great importance to extreme weather warning information and pay attention to collecting severe weather warning information issued by meteorological departments.
2. All ships, especially inland river vessels and small and medium-sized sea vessels, should do a good job in the pre-voyage safety assessment of the ship, adjust the navigation plan in a timely manner if necessary, and do a good job in the inspection of watertight and drainage facilities and equipment.
3. Do a solid job of cargo lashing and fastening as required to avoid cargo displacement or overboard, which will affect the stability of the ship.
4. Cargo loading and unloading operations or dangerous goods operation ships, strengthen emergency preparedness for loading and unloading operations, once a thunderstorm and strong wind are found, the operation should be stopped in time, and safety precautions should be taken.
5. Always pay attention to the personal safety of the crew, and the crew should try to stay in the living quarters and do not walk around freely on the deck and other outdoors.
6. Ships under sail should use safe speed, strengthen lookout, drive cautiously, and if necessary, choose anchorage, berthing area and other safe waters in advance.
7. When the ship at anchor encounters strong windy weather, the anchor chain of sufficient length should be loosened, and the double anchor should be dropped if necessary; the engine room should be prepared with the main and auxiliary engines, and the rudder should be used to resist the wind at any time.
Port and shipping enterprises should do the following:
1. Strengthen professional training for shore-based personnel, and carry out professional training on the causes, trends, and prevention measures of strong convective weather, so as to improve the emergency response of shore-based personnel and the guidance ability of ship defense.
2. Shore-based personnel obtain early warning information of dangerous weather in a timely manner, urge the captain to take effective preventive measures in advance, and guide the ship to formulate a reasonable voyage plan to avoid risky sailing.
3. Strengthen emergency drills. Combined with the shore-based joint exercise plan, targeted emergency drills were carried out to improve the emergency response capabilities of shore-based personnel and crews.
Keeping "12395" in mind
-- Unified national water distress telephone
Don't panic when you're in danger,
Respond calmly and call 12395 for distress in time!
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