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As a Chinese, he received Japanese education since he was a child, and his words and deeds were influenced by Japanese culture.
On the surface, he worked for the Japanese government, but secretly he sent intelligence to the Chinese government, and successfully annihilated 20,000 Japanese invaders with only 8 words of information.
He has been hidden for many years and has not been exposed, relying on the Japanese for food and clothing, and even married a Japanese woman as his wife.
He is Xia Wenyun, known as the most bullish "traitor", a hero of the hidden front, and his legendary experience is still convincing to this day.
Why was Xia Wenyun so trusted by the Japanese? How did he annihilate 20,000 Japanese criminals with just eight words?
Xia Wenyun under Japanese-style education
One afternoon in 1967, with the chirping of cicadas outside the house, the white-haired Xia Wenyun unveiled the first side of the manuscript paper, staring at the slightly yellowed paper, as if he was looking at the unknowable abyss, and memories and remembrances emerged from his eyes like a spring.
Now Xia Wenyun is old, and every time he dreams back at midnight, he can clearly feel that every part of his body is begging for mercy from the merciless time, and even the memories in his mind that he thought would never fade have been eroded with the passage of time.
The battlefields filled with gunpowder, the bloody corpses, the painful struggles and resistances, all gradually blurred until they disappeared completely.
Faced with the relentless pursuit of time, Xia Wenyun finally made up his mind that he wanted to record all the past events he had experienced and witnessed, and make the historical truth buried by the yellow sand public.
After thinking for a while, Xia Wenyun picked up the pen and wrote down the four words "Yellow Dust", a little-known past, and slowly unveiled the picture scroll with Xia Wenyun's memories.
Xia Wenyun was born in Dalian in 1906, just a year before he was born, Japan seized control of Dalian through the Russo-Japanese War, and Dalian entered the period of Japanese occupation.
At that time, Japan had already formulated a general policy for invading China, and planned to build Dalian into a bridgehead for Japan's invasion of China.
To this end, the Japanese colonial government brought Japanese-style architecture and food culture to Dalian, ordered shops to replace Chinese plaques with Japanese, encouraged Japanese people to immigrate to Dalian, and promoted Japanese-style education in Dalian, driving Chinese teachers out of the classroom and replacing them with Japanese teachers.
And it was in this environment that Xia Wenyun spent his teenage years.
After being a little sensible, Xia Wenyun showed a very high talent for reading, and was pinned on by his family and went to study in the first ordinary school in Tiger Mountain.
In 1919, Xia Wenyun was admitted to the Lushun Normal School founded by the Japanese and graduated with honors in all subjects.
And his extraordinary talent even broke the inherent discrimination and prejudice of the Japanese against Chinese, and the principal Tsuda admired Xia Wenyun and made an exception to persuade the boss of the Manchurian Railway Company to obtain a monthly subsidy of 50 yen for Xia Wenyun.
At that time, 1 yen could be freely exchanged for 0.75 grams of gold, so 50 yen per month was a lot of money.
Not only that, but President Tsuda also offered a place as an exchange student at the Hiroshima Higher Normal School and sent Natsu to Japan to study history and law.
Because of the Japanese education since childhood, and the fact that he speaks Japanese more fluently than the Japanese, Xia Wenyun quickly integrated into Japanese society and mingled with his classmates.
In 1929, Xia Wenyun was admitted to Kyoto Imperial University, and during his university years, under the pseudonym "Midorisho", he published a number of Japanese works, and made a name for himself in the Japanese literary world.
In addition, Xia Wenyun also married a Japanese woman under the introduction of a Japanese friend, and fully accepted Japanese folk customs.
Unlike the vast majority of Chinese students in that era, Xia Wenyun was far away from the motherland and knew nothing about the political upheavals that were taking place in China.
At this time, he just wanted to stay away from politics and continue to be his "literary youth" and carry out literary creation in Japan.
But at the moment of national crisis, no one is an island, and no one can really stay out of the matter, driven by the torrent of the times, Xia Wenyun will eventually face his heart and transform into a fighter on the hidden front.
spallation
In the spring of 1931, Xia Wenyun, who was about to graduate, received a letter of appointment from Fengyong University in Northeast China as a university professor and secretary to the president.
In March 1932, Xia Wenyun officially returned to China after finishing his studies in Japan, at this time, after the outbreak of the 918 Incident, the three eastern provinces fell, the major universities in Northeast China moved to Guannai, Feng Yong University also moved to Beiping, Xia Wenyun fell into the dilemma of unemployment.
However, Xia Wenyun's educational background made him deeply trusted by the Japanese, and it didn't take long for the puppet Manchukuo government to take the initiative to come to the door and hire Xia Wenyun to work in government agencies, and soon after he was transferred to the Kwantung Army Headquarters Intelligence Section Chief and Zhiying as a personal translator.
He has been deeply involved in the vital intelligence department of the military department for many years, and he also became the deputy chief of the general staff of the Japanese Southern Army in the later part of the war, and he is an absolutely powerful figure.
and Zhiying II
Xia Wenyun was able to come to Hezhiyinger's side as a Chinese, which shows the degree of trust that the Japanese have in him, basically treating him as their own, and this also laid the groundwork for Xia Wenyun's later spy career.
During his tenure as a translator, Xia Wenyun changed his name to He Yizhi, and because of his outstanding performance, Xia Wenyun was deeply trusted by Zhiying Er, and through his relationship with Zhiying Er, Xia Wenyun had a lot of contact with the later Class A war criminals Kenji Dohihara, Okamura Ninji and others, and knew the internal situation of the Japanese army.
From 1932 to 1936, Japan, which had tasted the sweetness of the "September 18 Incident," began to brew a full-scale war of aggression against China, and "lobbying local Chinese warlords and stirring up contradictions within the nation" became the main task of the Japanese intelligence services during that period.
At that time, the Gui warlords under Li Zongren did not deal with Chiang Kai-shek's central government, and the invading Japanese army used this as a breakthrough and sent He Zhiying II to lobby Li Zongren.
In June 1935, Xia Wenyun and Zhiying II were stationed in Guangzhou, specifically responsible for inciting Li Zongren and the Liangguang army to cooperate with the Japanese army against Chiang Kai-shek.
And the previous meetings between Zhiying II and Li Zongren were all translated by Xia Wenyun.
Although Li Zongren was born as a reactionary warlord, he always insisted on standing on the stand of the Chinese in the face of national righteousness, and not only was indifferent to Hezhiyinger's rebellion, but also did Hezhiyinger's ideological work in turn.
This was because the Japanese military was divided into "northern" and "southern" factions, with the northward faction advocating the Soviet Union as the number one enemy and expanding into Siberia, while the southward faction advocated a rapid invasion of China and Southeast Asia and the expansion of its influence to the Pacific region.
As a member of the "northward expansion" faction, He Zhiying II has always opposed the invasion of China, so Li Zongren constantly provoked He Zhiying II and tried to let the Japanese fight in their own nest.
Li Zongren
In addition, Li Zongren also became interested in Xia Wenyun, who was in charge of translation, and wondered why this talented Chinese young man wanted to serve the Japanese.
According to Li Zongren's memoirs many years later, in order to test Xia Wenyun, Li Zongren secretly sent someone to invite Xia Wenyun to his private residence in Mapenggang, Dongshan, Guangzhou, and sincerely asked:
"Now our homeland is so ruined that your homeland is also occupied by the enemy. The fate of the motherland has reached a critical point of life and death, can you be willing to serve the enemy without indifference?"
Li Zongren's question instantly broke Xia Wenyun's psychological defense line and made him burst into tears.
In fact, over the years, Xia Wenyun has witnessed the tragic situation of countless people being slaughtered and displaced under the Japanese invasion of China.
Xia Wenyun
Xia Wenyun was tormented by the blood in front of him, and although he was only a translator, his existence was undoubtedly aiding and abetting, which was also the true thought that he was unwilling to face.
At this time, Li Zongren's soul asked, but he dragged him to the cruel reality, making him unable to escape.
Seeing that Xia Wenyun still had a conscience as a Chinese, Li Zongren further asked: "An all-out resistance against Japan is imminent, do you want to do something for the country?"
After hearing this, Xia Wenyun said categorically: "If you have the opportunity to serve the motherland, you will never give up!"
At this point, Xia Wenyun became a secret intelligence agent with a one-line contact with Li Zongren, and the Japanese translator became his identity cover, which belonged to Xia Wenyun's legendary life, which began.
Shadow Heroes
After the July 7 Incident in 1937, Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, and the land of China fell into a deep disaster.
In the Battle of Songhu, the Chinese army invested 73 divisions to trap the Japanese army in Shanghai for three months, although the delusion of the Japanese army to quickly destroy China was shattered, but our army also suffered heavy losses, and the major warlords who participated in the war were greatly damaged, and after the fall of Shanghai, they were even more defeated.
At that time, the whole country was shrouded in the haze of defeat on the front, as if the destruction of the country and the extinction of the species were tomorrow.
After the Battle of Songhu, the Japanese army planned to continue its offensive to the north, in an attempt to open up the Tianjin-Pudong line and connect the North China Battlefield with the East China Battlefield.
At this time, Li Zongren gathered his troops to hold Taierzhuang at the junction of Sulu, facing the Japanese army from the north and south, and the situation was critical.
At this moment, Xia Wenyun, who was far away in the Shanghai Concession, sent a top-secret piece of information to Li Zongren: "The Japanese army moves south but does not move north. ”
In just eight words, Li Zongren knew the situation clearly, and immediately transferred Zhang Zizhong's troops to the north to the south to beat the 13th Division of the Japanese army advancing north back to the south bank of the Huai River.
After the defeat on the southern front, the 5th Division led by Seishiro Itagaki moved south from the Jiaoji Road and advanced the northern front to the Linyi area, which put our army in a dilemma of tightening between the north and the south.
At the critical moment, Xia Wenyun sent another telegram, which was only 8 words: "The Japanese army moves in the north but does not move in the south." ”
Li Zongren suddenly became a bamboo in his chest, and ordered Zhang Zizhong's troops to rush to the northern front, and the crisis was quietly resolved.
After half a month of bloody fighting, our army repelled eight large-scale Japanese attacks, killing and wounding more than 20,000 Japanese troops through a multi-faceted encirclement, which greatly boosted the anti-Japanese enthusiasm of the Chinese people.
And in this world-renowned victory, Xia Wenyun's key intelligence transmission has played an important role.
After the Battle of Taierzhuang, Xia Wenyun continued to lurk in the Japanese army to inquire about intelligence, and in order to facilitate transmission, he also set up a radio station in the homes of Japanese friends in the French Concession to continuously transmit a lot of top-secret information to the Chinese army.
Not only that, at the end of 1940, taking the opportunity of the celebration of the 2,600th anniversary of the founding of Japan, Xia Wenyun went to Japan to collect a large amount of Japanese political and economic information, compiled it into a report and secretly transmitted it to the top level of the Nationalist Government, which was of great significance for the mainland to understand the domestic situation in Japan.
However, with the outbreak of the Pacific War in December 1941, the Japanese army rushed into the French Concession in an attempt to arrest Xia Wenyun, who was suspected of being a spy.
Despite losing contact with the rear, Xia Wenyun never forgot his responsibilities as a Chinese, and he traveled all the way to Shanxi, where he used his resume to find a position as director of the construction department in the puppet government.
Dong Biwu
By virtue of his authority, Xia Wenyun secretly transported materials to the Eighth Route Army active in Shanxi, and also provided shelter to Dong Biwu and other CCP members.
Thanks to Xia Wenyun's active work on the hidden front, the anti-Japanese movement in Shanxi was able to develop smoothly.
After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Xia Wenyun's identity as a spy was little known, which led to his repeated arrests and torture in prison.
The special identity brought countless troubles to Xia Wenyun, and in desperation, he had to take his family to Japan and rely on a restaurant to make a living.
In his later years, in order to keep those dusty histories from being forgotten, Xia Wenyun wrote the book "Yellow Dust", recording the various atrocities of the Japanese army that he witnessed invading China.
Although in the book, he never mentioned the past of that hidden front, but between the lines, he never hid his pride as a Chinese.
In 1978, Xia Wenyun died of a sudden cerebral hemorrhage, and his glorious history as a spy was sorted out through the memoirs of Li Zongren and others, and his reputation was restored.
The sun rises as usual, and the heroes in the shadows may disappear silently, but what they guard will last forever.
This article was originally written by "On History and the Present", and has been opened for the whole network to protect rights, and may not be reproduced without authorization, and infringement must be investigated.