Agricultural powerhouse · Why did this event become a "top stream"?

Banpo is looking for relics, and the string song does not stop.

China is one of the origins of rapeseed, and clay pots found at the Neolithic site in Banpo, Shaanxi Province, contain large quantities of charred mustard seeds, which carbon-14 dating suggests are 7,000 years old.

A glimpse of Changsha, the torch will be passed on forever.

Among the crops unearthed from the No. 1 Han Tomb in Mawangdui, Changsha, well-preserved mustard seeds have also been found. Rapeseed has long been deeply rooted in this ancient country.

The glory of history is still there, but the sharp reality is even more in front of us: China is a big country in seed resources, but it is not a big country in seed resources. Some crops, livestock and poultry are also facing the problem of "stuck neck" in the provenance, soybean, corn, pig and other varieties are highly dependent on external dependence, and many vegetables and flower varieties are highly dependent on imports. Similar to the collapse of the soybean industry, the rape industry is also facing the "danger of the prosperous era" of repeating the mistakes of soybeans.

This year's No. 1 central document clearly states that "expand oil production".

An acceleration of the deployment of oil crops related to food security. In the medium and long term, the string of ensuring national food security cannot be relaxed for a moment.

Facing up to the gap, a "seed industry turnaround battle" has already begun. The achievements made so far in the five consecutive National (Yangling) Rapeseed Science and Technology Conferences are the best proof.

Latecomers, too, have advantages.

"Although we started late, there is a kind of 'late-mover advantage' in the breeding world, through the integration of resources and technology, standing on the shoulders of predecessors to do research. "Walking into the Shaanxi Provincial Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center, located in the west section of Gaoganqu Road in Yangling Demonstration Zone, Shaanxi Province, Dr. Zhang Yanfeng, the head of the Rapeseed Molecular Design and Breeding Laboratory and the "leading brother" of the Shaanxi Rapeseed Molecular Design and Breeding Innovation Team, showed us the "black technology" successfully created by gene editing technology - the new cold-resistant germplasm of rapeseed.

Zhang Yanfeng believes that "by gene editing, BnHOS1, one of the outer ring members of the nucleoporin complex, has been successfully obtained by gene editing. It is equivalent to putting on a cold-resistant coat for rapeseed and allowing rape cultivation to 'go all the way north'. This is of great significance for cultivating cold-resistant varieties, implementing the strategy of northward migration of rapeseed, and expanding the planting scope of rapeseed. ”

Rapeseed root swelling disease is a kind of soil-borne fungal disease, the epidemic route is many, the speed is fast, the rice field with rice and oil rotation is the majority, after the onset of the disease, resulting in a large reduction in yield or even no harvest, has become an important disease that endangers the production of rapeseed in some main producing areas of the Yangtze River basin in the mainland, seriously threatens the safety of rapeseed production, and can be called rapeseed "cancer".

But there are still those who refuse to admit defeat.

In order to overcome this problem, Dong Yuhong, director of the Breeding Research Office of Shaanxi Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center, spent more than 8 years of hard work to breed the first new variety of rapeseed resistant to root swelling disease in Shaanxi Province - "Qinyou DK4" through distant hybridization, which effectively solved the problem of rapeseed root swelling disease. The variety was transferred to Shaanxi Ronghua Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in 2021, and in 2022, the variety was registered by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

There are those who are further ahead.

Last year, Huapin (Hainan) Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. shared a new and excellent solution to solve the problem of difficult storage of propagating materials at the 5th National (Yangling) Rapeseed Science and Technology Conference.

"A certificate storage envelope, close to the size of A4 paper, including 4 photos with a mobile phone, 5 minutes of video, and 3 years of electronic data storage services, can contain multiple varieties at the same time, as long as the stock is guaranteed to meet the needs of molecular testing. Wei Ding, marketing director of Huapin (Hainan) Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., said that after sealing the propagation materials, keep them by themselves, and when necessary, take out the envelope and notarize it according to the process. Compared with the notarization of preservation evidence and the preservation of evidence by molecular testing, which are often hundreds or thousands of yuan, the first release of the new certificate envelope is less than 50 yuan.

Standing at the junction of glory and dreams, Qin Chuangyuan's clarion call for forging ahead in the new era is even louder, and it is accelerating towards new quality productivity.

After five years, the National (Yangling) Rapeseed Science and Technology Conference has been held at a high level, brand and influence. At the upcoming 6th National Rapeseed Science and Technology Conference, we are pleased to feel that on the "super track" of "science and technology rape" competition, compared with developed countries, China's rapeseed science and technology innovation level has gradually entered a new stage of coexistence of "running and leading" from the initial "tracking and imitation".

Next, building a global "rape circle of friends" is the goal of this rapeseed research highland in western China to catch up with the "top stream" of world-class scientific research.

In the midst of change, shoulder the responsibility.

Stabilize the "oil bottle", the fundamental way out lies in science and technology.

Rapeseed is the largest edible oil crop in the mainland, and it is of great significance to improve the quality of rapeseed and promote the green and high-quality development of the rapeseed industry to stabilize the "oil bottle" of the people.

The rapeseed industry determines whether the people's "oil bottles" are stable or not, and it is more related to the initiative of a nation in international competition.

China's voice in the world's seed industry is constantly improving: Yangling rapeseed is going to the world and blooming in Pakistan.

Da is also good for the world.

At the end of February, in the city of Gujranwala, Punjab Province, Pakistan, a large field of rape flowers is in full bloom, swaying in the wind under the bright spring light.

This is another livelihood project of China-Pakistan agricultural cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative.

At the Fifth National (Yangling) Rapeseed Science and Technology Conference, the reporter learned about the breeding of high erucic acid rapeseed varieties and their experimental application in the "Belt and Road" countries. According to Pu Dingfu, general manager of Sichuan Mianbang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., in addition to high erucic acid rape breeding, double low rape breeding and high nerves rape breeding are also the breeding direction of Mianbang Company. In addition to deeply cultivating domestic rapeseed planting areas such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Guizhou, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Qinghai, the company also lays out Kazakhstan, Pakistan, Russia, Eritrea, Iran and other "Belt and Road" countries to carry out experimental applications of rapeseed varieties.

Edible oils are an important part of food security. At present, more than 65% of the mainland's edible oil consumption depends on imports, and the national edible oil supply has prominent safety risks. As the largest oil crop in the mainland, rape accounts for more than 55% of the oil production of oil crops in China, and plays an irreplaceable supporting role in ensuring the security of edible oil supply in the mainland. From "having oil to eat" to "eating good oil", it can be described as a typical microcosm of China's road to prosperity and strength and people's happiness.

The confidence of this vision is inseparable from the often brightly lit laboratories of agricultural research institutes, the first and first experiments in promoting the formation of agricultural intellectual property trading market mechanism by the National (Yangling) Arid Area Plant Variety Rights Trading Center, and the breeders who continue from generation to generation like rapeseed seedlings in the fields of hope.

From the land of China to the nomadic Kazakhstan, from embracing Pakistan and Railway to Sino-Russian friendship, from holding hands with Erte to old Persian friends...... One by one, the factors engraved with "science and technology rape" are beginning to grow quietly in the soil of these places. "Science and technology rape" has gradually become the golden business card of the "Belt and Road".

Walking on the "Silk Road" where "science and technology rape" blooms, we know that the "spring story" of Chinese rape will continue to be written.

In the future, Yang Ling can answer not only "who will hold on to China's oil bottles", but also "where will China's rapeseed benefit" and "who will feed China and the world".

Yan Yutao, reporter of Agricultural Science and Technology News, China Agricultural Science News Network