#退休后会选择继续工作吗? #
Not long ago, "Half Moon Talk" published an article saying that in the next 10 years, we will face the largest "retirement wave" in history, with an average of 20 million people a year, and many women, after the age of 50, will begin to enter the second half of their lives and begin to prepare for their retirement life. Recently, the issue of work for the elderly has also become a hot topic.
Do you want to continue working after retirement, what are the considerations for retirees to get back into the workforce, and what is their retirement like?
It is not easy for the post-60s generation to find a job
In "Flying House Travel", this old gentleman has gone through most of his life's work, marriage, and raising children, and is finally about to retire, but he suddenly feels that his life has no focus. Therefore, how to find himself has become the old man's eager wish.
In 2019, Japan published a report entitled "The Current Situation of Employment of Elderly Workers in Japan," which identified factors such as "health" and "social participation" as the main motivations for retirement in Japan.
People in the 60s have just entered an aging society, they grew up in the era of reform and opening up, their cultural level is relatively high, their income and consumption level have been greatly improved compared with the previous generation, and many of them still have the desire and ability to work.
Uncle Zhang, a 62-year-old native of Hangzhou, is a retired purchasing manager at a state-owned enterprise. For nearly two years, he was constantly looking for various jobs, and "all of a sudden he had nothing to do, and he was very uncomfortable". Not only that, Uncle Zhang is always looking for an opportunity to show his own worth.
Of course, this also includes some elderly people who will look for jobs again to ease their financial burden. Aunt Guo, a 59-year-old skilled worker from Jinhua, gave birth to a grandson this year, and the family's financial pressure is even greater. In her opinion, work is to "decompress the younger generation".
But older people find that jobs are not so easy to find.
At present, most job search websites do not have a special job for the elderly, and the job search for the elderly is mainly carried out online or with the help of acquaintances. There was an article in the Beijing Business Daily that it is very difficult for young people to find a job now, and a 58-year-old Tsinghua graduate can't even get 5,000 yuan.
The reporter searched on the Internet and found that there were many highly educated elderly people who submitted resumes, ranging in age from 55 to 65 years old, including many undergraduate and master's students, many of whom were graduates of "985" colleges and universities, and some had studied overseas or worked in foreign-funded enterprises.
"The careers to choose from are limited. An elderly Wenzhou worker said in an interview with reporters that the 61-year-old is a graduate of Harbin Institute of Technology, who worked in a foreign-funded enterprise before retirement, and is currently in good health, working for five years a week, hoping to find a management position with a monthly salary of 6,000 to 6,000 yuan. However, his resume has been on the job search website for three months, and no one has come to apply.
At present, the biggest problem faced by many elderly people when looking for a job is that they cannot find a suitable job.
This is also Uncle Zhang's most helpless place, and it is also from the suspicion of society and the incomprehension of the family. Ever since he learned that he was going to work, his son had been trying to persuade him, for fear that he would be too tired, and let him enjoy life. Some people also said that he obviously has a pension, but he is still working outside, either because the family situation is not good, or his son is not filial.
"When you retire, you can travel, you can take care of your children, and you can go and find a job. After the Chinese New Year, Uncle Zhang persuaded his son to make a resume for him and posted it on a company's website.
How many possibilities are there for silver employment
In the spring of 2018, Alibaba became popular because of a job posting.
At that time, Alibaba offered an annual salary of 350,000 to 400,000 yuan and wanted to recruit a senior researcher with "60 years old", which surprised many people. In just one week, more than 3,000 seniors submitted their resumes.
In fact, the job market for the elderly is not small, especially those with special skills. Experts said that with the decline in the number of working-age population, there is a "labor shortage" in some positions, and retirees who are willing to stay in the enterprise can be allowed to supplement the labor force.
According to the Blue Book on Aging: A Survey Report on the Living Conditions of the Elderly in Urban and Rural Areas in China (2018), the data of "more than 600,000 working seniors over 60 years old" jointly released by the Chinese Academy of Aging Sciences and the Social Sciences Academic Press shows that the number of working elderly people aged 60 and above in mainland China exceeds 9,000.
With the development of the Internet and the emergence of various new platforms such as live broadcast and short video, the employment market for the elderly is also expanding, and some emerging occupations such as game anchors, e-commerce anchors, Taobao models, elderly KOLs, etc., provide more employment opportunities for the elderly.
Aunt Xia, a 61-year-old Internet celebrity from Hangzhou, has been shooting short videos since she retired to share her life with netizens, and now her attention has exceeded 500,000. During this time, many platforms were looking for her.
According to BOSS Zhipin, the number of job seekers aged 55 and over has increased by 27% year-on-year this year.
"Doing something for the elderly" is the top priority of the work of the elderly in the mainland in the new era. The "Opinions on Strengthening the Work on Aging in the New Era" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council proposes to explore flexible employment methods to adapt to the elderly in schools, hospitals and other units, as well as community housekeeping services and service management in public places, and on this basis, further improve the pension service system. Nationwide, we will actively build an information database for elderly talents, and provide job introductions, skills training, and entrepreneurship counseling for the elderly who have the desire to work.
Under the policy, it is especially important to build a bridge between the elderly and employers who need it. Since 2009, Lu Jianhua from Jiashan has created the National Retiree Network to meet the two-way needs of the elderly and the market.
Lu Jianhua said that there are many private enterprises in Zhejiang, and many elderly people can continue to work after retirement, so they have established a talent pool online to establish a unified number for every elderly person who wants to find a job. They can obtain information about the job and all services are free of charge for individual users.
Lu Jianhua said in an interview that many elderly people and enterprises have "held hands" through this website. So far, more than 120,000 people have registered for jobs online, offering hundreds of job offers.
Do odd jobs to protect yourself
Recently, 60-year-old Uncle Sun in Ningbo died suddenly due to a heart attack, causing people to worry about the employment of the elderly.
On major websites, the reporter also found that the industries for the re-employment of the elderly are mainly private enterprises and individual economies, and most of the jobs they are engaged in are temporary and have a low threshold.
Therefore, whether the part-time job can be guaranteed has become the focus of concern for the elderly.
According to the relevant regulations, the employment relationship of an employee is terminated when he or she reaches the statutory retirement age. This means that if an elderly person is re-employed after retirement, then the relationship between him and the employer is no longer an employment relationship, but only a labor relationship under civil law.
"It is true that there are many disadvantages in the protection of the rights of the elderly, but it is impossible to generalize whether exceeding the statutory retirement age is a work-related injury. Zhao Zhenliang of Zhejiang Liuhe Law Firm said.
The Administrative Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court, in its reply to the Reply to the Request for Instructions on Whether Work-related Injuries of Migrant Workers and Peasants Who Have Exceeded the Statutory Retirement Age, clearly pointed out that if a migrant worker who has exceeded the statutory retirement age dies on the job, and is injured on the job during the course of work, and his death shall be determined in accordance with the Regulations on Work-related Injury Insurance.
Zhao Zhenliang said, "It is more reasonable to treat those who have already participated in the enterprise annuity as if they were to be treated as labor relations." ”
Last year, the Intermediate People's Court of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, heard a case concerning the rights of employees who were overage. A 74-year-old man was in a car accident on a barrier built by a landscaping company and was unfortunately killed.
The traffic police believe that in this traffic accident, the elderly man has the same responsibility as the driver who caused the accident. In the appraisal of work-related injuries, the greening company refused to hire elderly employees. However, after verification, the Lianyungang Municipal Labor and Social Security Bureau did not accept the appeal of the greening company, but made a decision to determine the work-related injury.
After the trial, the court ruled that the company had rejected the company's request. After hearing the case, the court held that the original intention of setting the current statutory retirement age in mainland China was to protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, so it could not be used as a basis to deny the determination of work-related injuries.
"In the absence of stricter legal protection, when the elderly sign a labor contract with an employer, they must pay attention to the fact that in all labor contracts signed with the employer, specific provisions should be made on the type of services provided, work remuneration, working hours, overtime, personal safety and personal security, accidents, liability and compensation. Lv Huiping of Zhejiang Jianzheng Law Firm believes that in the insurance contract, independent commercial insurance for the elderly can also be considered.
In this way, she explained, workers who have passed the statutory retirement age can be compensated by insurance companies in the event of an accident. Lu Huiping believes that with regard to the employment of the elderly, governments at all levels should pay close attention to formulating policies and regulations that are feasible, easy to operate, and have regulatory support.