#株洲头条 ##湖南省直中医医院#
Nowadays, more and more young people have quietly joined the army of high uric acid, and high uric acid has become the "fourth highest" that threatens health after high blood lipids, high blood pressure, and high blood sugar! In the past, when ordering food, it was common to ask "whether to eat onions, ginger and garlic", but now, it has become "the first point of high uric acid".
So what is uric acid?
According to Hunan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, uric acid is the final metabolite of purine metabolism, and in our body, it mostly exists in the circulation in the form of urate anions. Normally, the body reaches a homeostatic state through urate production and excretion, but hyperuricemia occurs when urate production is excessive or excretion is reduced.
How high is uric acid?
The Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout in China (2019) point out that if it exceeds 420 mmol/L in men and 360 mmol/L in women, it is considered hyperuricemia. Crystal deposition-related diseases caused by hyperuricemia mainly include gout, uric acid nephropathy, and uric acid kidney stones, but about two-thirds of patients are asymptomatic.
We have all heard of gout and kidney stones, acute attacks are painful, from the biochemical point of view, it is necessary to pay attention to: avoid excessive intake of high-purine foods (such as pork, beef and mutton, animal offal, mushrooms, beans, nuts, etc.).
What are the dangers of high uric acid?
In fact, gout is the most common complication of hyperuricemia, and kidney damage, diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are also related to high blood uric acid levels.
The existence of uric acid in the human body, as if we put salt in a glass of water, too much salt in the water, it is difficult to dissolve, precipitate out into crystals, uric acid is the same, when there is too much uric acid in our body to dissolve, urate crystals will precipitate and precipitate in various parts of our body, such as: joints, soft tissues, blood vessel walls, etc., long-term high uric acid state, it is likely to bring endocrine metabolic system, urinary system and other problems.
So how can we lower uric acid and prevent complications caused by hyperuricemia?
1. Drink plenty of water
Uric acid is mainly excreted through the kidneys, in the absence of severe kidney disease, heart failure and other contraindications, ensure that the daily water intake is more than 2000ml to promote the excretion of uric acid, it is best to drink plain water.
2. Don't be greedy
The metabolism of alcohol increases the consumption of adenosine triphosphate, which can lead to an increase in the production of uric acid; secondly, the purines contained in some alcohols (such as beer) can also lead to an increase in the production of uric acid; thirdly, alcohol can also lead to an increase in serum lactate, inhibit the excretion of uric acid, and indirectly cause an increase in uric acid concentration. Therefore, if you want to control uric acid, don't be greedy.
3. Keep your mouth shut
According to the purine content per 100 grams of food, we can roughly divide the food into: low purine food: purine content less than 50 mg, medium purine food: purine content 100 mg~150 mg, high purine food: purine content greater than 150 mg.
People with high uric acid should avoid eating animal offal such as liver and kidney, beef, mutton, pork, poultry, fish and shellfish, oysters and lobsters and other seafood with crustacea, and thick broth and other foods with high purine content, and avoid eating too much food and beverages containing fructose, sucrose, honey, and high fructose corn syrup.
Milk, dairy products and eggs should be the main choices of protein-based foods in the diet, and adequate intake of fresh vegetables should be consumed, with a recommended daily intake of at least 500g of fresh vegetables.
4. Open your legs
Patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia are encouraged to moderate low-intensity aerobic exercise, such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, dancing, etc., and the number of exercises should be 4-5 times a week, 0.5-1 hour each time.
5. Control your weight
Overweight or obese patients should lose weight slowly, achieve and maintain normal weight, it is recommended that the weight loss rate is about 0.5kg per week, the diet should choose low-sugar food, encourage whole grain food to account for more than 30% of the daily staple food, 50% ~ 60% of the total carbohydrate energy, and limit the intake of sugar.
6. Pay attention to health examination
This is even more important for patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, as ordinary routine blood draws can reflect whether the blood uric acid value is exceeded, so as to detect and treat it early, so as to prevent it from happening. If the uric acid is found to be high during an occasional physical examination, there is no need to be too nervous.
First of all, pay attention to adjust your diet and lifestyle, avoid high-purine foods, smoking and drinking. Regular re-examination and follow-up of relevant specialties should be carried out, and blood uric acid should be controlled in layers according to whether there is a high-risk concomortion.
Hunan Medical Chat Special Author: He Yuqin, Hunan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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(Editor YH)