Reporter Niu Jiarong Correspondent Liu Zhen
On the afternoon of May 16, 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected the Yuncheng Museum on his way to Shaanxi to learn more about the origin of human beings and the early historical development of Chinese civilization in Yuncheng.
Yuncheng, known as "Hedong" in ancient times, from which the Yellow River went eastward. This piece of land embraced by the Mother River is scattered with cultural relics like stars, and is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Yuncheng Museum, as an important window to display the historical context of our city, carries the vicissitudes and glory of history, and embodies the memory and prosperity of culture.
The history of Yunbo can be traced back to the Yuncheng Regional Museum founded in 1979, and after 1986, it was successively renamed Yuncheng Hedong Museum and Yuncheng Hedong Museum. In December 2013, the new museum was completed, named Yuncheng Museum, and officially opened to the public on July 1, 2016.
In Yunbo, listen to the legends and stories of the Yellow Emperor's battle against Chiyou, Shun cultivating the mountains, Yu chiseling the dragon gate, and raising silkworms from the ancestors, sort out the historical and cultural context, and observe the 45 million-year-old "century dawn ape" found in Yuanqu County Fossils, explore the mystery of human origins, learn about the Xihoudu ruins on the bank of the Yellow River, imagine the first sacred flame of human civilization 2.43 million years ago, look up at the half of the silkworm cocoon unearthed by the field archaeological excavation that Chinese independently presided over for the first time in 1926, and appreciate the wisdom and diligence of the ancestors of Hedong thousands of years ago contained in this spade soil......
new
"Looks"
In order to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping's cultural thoughts, and resolutely implement the important instructions and instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping on cultural relics work, especially the spirit of the important instructions on the inspection of Yuncheng, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have efficiently integrated the cultural relics resources in the city's collections and promoted the coordinated development of regional museums with high quality. At present, the Yuncheng Museum implements the operation and management mechanism of the main branch, and the Yongle Palace Mural Art Museum and the Guan Gong Museum of Shanxi Province are open to the public at the same time as the branch libraries of the Yuncheng Museum.
With the support of the city's abundant historical and cultural resources, the business of each museum is linked, unique and complementary. The total branch of Yuncheng Museum covers an area of about 76 acres, with a construction area of 45,000 square meters, including an exhibition area of 19,000 square meters and a cultural relics warehouse area of 5,560 square meters.
The architectural shape of the main hall is like the roots of an old tree rooted in the Loess Plateau, telling the vicissitudes of history of 5,000 years. Viewed from the air, the architectural layout of the museum takes "the meaning of Taiji, the momentum of the nebula, and the shape of the cradle", implying that this is the cradle of Chinese civilization. The exhibition area of the Yongle Palace Mural Art Museum (Branch) in Shanxi Province is 810 square meters, and the cultural relics warehouse covers an area of 560 square meters. The exhibition area of Guan Gong Museum (Branch) is 860 square meters, and the cultural relics warehouse area is 100 square meters.
There are a total of 138914 pieces of collections in the main branch of Yuncheng Museum, including 136188 pieces of Chinese collections, and a total of 2,033 precious cultural relics in the cultural relics collection, covering all kinds of physical objects from the Paleolithic Age to modern and contemporary times that confirm the historical and cultural development of Hedong. Among them, the pre-Qin collection accounts for about 25%, which proves the millions of years of human history, 10,000 years of cultural history and more than 5,000 years of civilization history in the Yuncheng area, and explains the important position and role of Yuncheng in the exploration of the source of Chinese civilization.
The Yunbo collection has distinctive regional characteristics, forming several major collection systems such as stone epitaphs, opera brick carvings, embroidery, Taoist culture and Guan Gong culture, reflecting the rich material production life and spiritual and cultural beliefs of the ancestors of Hedong.
Highlight the characteristic elements of the exhibition, and improve the overall display as a whole. Temporary exhibitions were held in an orderly manner on topics such as the history of the pre-Qin period in Yuncheng, ancient architecture, opera and intangible cultural heritage folk customs.
In December 2023, Yunbo launched four temporary exhibitions: "Historical Portrait - Archaeological Drawing Works Exhibition", "Survey Kunyu and Fine Painting Traces - Archaeological Surveying and Mapping Science Exhibition", "Brocade Chunhui - Jinnan Modern Children's Clothing Decoration Pattern Exhibition" and "Mocai Yao Hedong - Yongle Palace, Guandi Temple, Yuncheng Museum Collection of Contemporary Celebrities and Famous Calligraphy and Painting Exhibition". On November 24, 2023, the photo exhibition of "China's Fire Protection in the Past Five Years" was successfully held at the Expo. "Tracing the Shadow of the Road - Religious Painting Art Exhibition of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in Southern Jin" was selected as the joint exhibition tour project of the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, and the "Pillow Moon Sleeping Cloud - Shanxi Ancient Ceramic Pillow Exhibition" held by Yunbo and the Nanyue King Museum was selected by the Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau as the third museum boutique promotion exhibition in Shanxi Province. Yunbo also launched a digital exhibition of "Brocade Chunhui - Jinnan Modern Children's Clothing Decoration Pattern Exhibition", allowing visitors to watch the exhibition online without leaving home.
In recent years, 12 square pillars with the character "Hua" have been replaced at the entrance of the exhibition area, so that the audience can feel the characteristics of Yuncheng and the cultural elements of the museum at first sight; in the atrium of the exhibition area, a new model of the carriage and horse restoration of the doctor of the Jin State Secretary in the Spring and Autumn Period has been placed to visually display the travel tools of people more than 2,000 years ago; in the area with a large flow of people, a rest area and a reading corner have been set up, equipped with a supporting catalogue of the museum's exhibition, a collection of ancient Hedong books, and best-selling magazines such as National Geographic and Cultural and Historical Knowledge, etc., which are convenient for the public to browse and read.
Faience pot (more than 6,000 years ago) Clay red pottery, the mouth edge and the outer abdomen are decorated with black color, and the outer abdomen is painted with two layers of black triangular geometric patterns. The black color on the faience is contrasted with the brown and red, complementing each other, breaking through the symmetrical pattern format, and the pattern lines of the utensils are beautiful and smooth, reflecting the artistic imagination and aesthetic taste of the potter.
look for
"Context"
After the implementation of the operation and management mechanism of the main branch library, the basic exhibition of Yuncheng Museum is divided into three parts, which are "East of the Great River", "Yongle Zhuang Song" and "World Worship".
The basic exhibition of "East of the Great River" is located in the main hall of Yuncheng Museum, which is composed of six historical special exhibitions, including Chinese roots, treasures from the museum's collection, spring and autumn of salt, earth spirit and people, civil engineering Huazhang, and Tiaoshan Fengyun. Rooted in the rich history and culture of Yuncheng, it focuses on unique cultural genes such as "a ray of dawn", "a pile of holy fire", "half a silkworm cocoon", "a barren curtain", "a pool of snow", "a saint", "a Tang pagoda" and "a pontoon bridge", and builds a platform to carry history and inherit civilization, so that cultural relics can enter public life.
The exhibition uses archaeological stratigraphy to convey archaeological knowledge to the public through the "special display language" - "pottery culture accumulation wall"; uses scene restoration to reproduce the living environment and living conditions of the Xihoudu people in ancient times, the architectural layout of the palace area of Yuanqu Mall in the Yin Shang period, and the construction of the forbidden wall around the salt pond in the Ming Dynasty; uses multimedia touch screens to restore the production process of stone tools in the Paleolithic Age, and the funeral rituals of the nobles on the upper floor of the cemetery in Hengbei; and uses architectural models to condense Yuncheng as the "first city of national treasure" in the countryThe essence of the important representative ancient buildings. The exhibition also uses figure sculptures, electronic sand tables, phantom imaging, light boxes and other forms to create a viewing space for the interaction between people and things.
The basic display of "Yongle Zhuang Song" is located in the north side of the west area of the Yongle Palace Mural Art Museum (Branch) in Shanxi Province, and the exhibition is divided into five chapters, including Yongle Treasures, Yongle Feelings, Yongle Ingenuity, Yongle Glory, and Yongle Memory, exhibiting more than 100 pieces (sets) of fine architectural components in the Yuan Dynasty, cultural relics and relocation tools, more than 300 old photos of the project, and more than 1,000 relocation archives. The 60-minute audio-visual fully reproduces the arduous and outstanding feat of the relocation of Yongle Palace, allowing the audience to gain an in-depth understanding of the glorious history of our party in overcoming difficulties, working hard, and protecting precious cultural heritage with a high sense of responsibility and mission at the beginning of the founding of New China.
The basic exhibition of "Worship in the World" is located in the Chongsheng Ancestral Courtyard of the Guandi Ancestral Temple in Jiezhou, and the exhibition is divided into four units: the history of the construction of the Chongsheng Shrine, the lineage of Guan Gong and his family, the restoration of some ancient buildings and the sacrificial rites of the Chongsheng Shrine. The exhibition takes ancient buildings and cultural relics in the collection as the carrier, and through a large number of models and scene restorations, it clearly restores the sacrificial process of worshiping the ancestors of Guan Gong in the Qing Dynasty, and at the same time assists in introducing and displaying the history of the construction of the Chongsheng Shrine and the situation of the Guan family in Jiezhou.
Qianzhuang Yuanding (early Shang Dynasty) is 73 cm high, the upper abdomen is decorated with a ribbon-like wide line gluttonous pattern, the foot is decorated with a gluttonous pattern composed of thin lines, and there are three fine string patterns near the sole of the foot under the taotao pattern. The shape of the gluttonous pattern round tripod is dignified and simple, and it is the earliest large-scale bronze unearthed in Shanxi.
display
"Tension"
In 2023, Yunbo will continue to strengthen the protection and management of collections, improve 17 sets (30 pieces) of precious calligraphy and painting cultural relics ontology protection and restoration plans, and submit them to the Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau for review and approval, add 490 pieces (sets) of cultural relics information entry registration and graphic archives to establish accounts, and Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology will complete the docking, sorting and transfer of more than 10,000 archaeological excavations. Optimized the functional partitions of the collection warehouse for different types of cultural relics, improved the micro-environment of 2,359 sets of collections, and completed the preventive protection of 800 pieces of collections against insects, moisture and mildew. The digital protection of cultural relics has been steadily promoted, and 15 key cultural relics exhibited by the Shanxi Museum and the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology have been seconded, and 18 three-dimensional data models of Song and Jin porcelain pillows from the Hejin kiln collected by the Nanyue King Museum have been collected and displayed.
Yunbo is committed to building the cultural IP of museums, and has launched a total of 26 online cloud exhibitions, carried out 428 social education activities, and actively carried out a series of educational activities of "entering campuses, communities, villages, barracks, and social welfare institutions", distributing more than 35,000 copies of materials and serving 280113 public. Actively carry out festival propaganda and education activities such as "Fun Questions and Answers to Welcome the New Year", "5.18 International Museum Day", "Apricot Blossom Spring Rain Talk Qingming", and serve a total of 106791 audiences. Based on the advantages of cooperation and co-construction of the base, it has cooperated with various municipal units, colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools to carry out various theme education and practice activities, and has received good social results.
In 2023, a total of more than 600,000 visitors will be received from the museum, and a total of 2,317 explanations and receptions will be held.
In the past year, Yunbo has carried out 46 live broadcasts on Sina Weibo of "Yunyou Museum" and "Blue Shadow Cloud Travel-2023 'Yunbo Blue' Takes You to Yunbo", with 104 adult volunteers with a cumulative service time of 10,625 hours, 6,083 explanations and 44,764 audiences, and 45 summer student volunteers will be recruited in 2023, with a total of 887.5 hours of service, 1,469 lectures and 7,863 audiences.
In the past year, social education activities have continued to deepen, and 79 social and educational activities have been carried out, such as festival activities and museum "five advances", with 67,203 participants. Among them, "Hedong Cultural Relics, I Say" was selected as a social education case of the museum of Shanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics. A new step has been taken in the cooperation between museums and schools, and academic exchanges have been carried out with the School of Archaeology of Jilin University and the School of Archaeology, Culture and Museums of Shanxi University, forming a collaborative promotion mechanism for talent training and achievement transformation. Continue to revitalize the network propagation increment. 473 dynamic activity messages were updated on websites, WeChat public platforms, WeChat mini programs, Sina Weibo, Toutiao and other online platforms, and the number of followers of WeChat public accounts increased by 49,383. There are 27 online virtual exhibition halls, with 268772 online visitors.
In the past year, the development of cultural products has shown a new atmosphere. Combined with the exhibition, screening different cultural relics and cultural elements from multiple perspectives, in-depth excavation of the historical and cultural connotation of Yuncheng, relying on the basic display and exhibition of Yunbo, designed ceramic cups, commemorative coins, umbrellas, refrigerator magnets and other cultural and creative products, and the sales of Yunbo cultural and creative products in 2023 will be 186,399.75 yuan. The "Yuelongmen" series of cultural and creative products were selected as the cultural and creative product development cases of the Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau, and Yunbo was identified as the "Provincial Pilot Unit for the Development of Cultural and Creative Products of Cultural and Museum Units" by the Provincial Cultural Heritage Bureau.
In 2024, Yunbo will be based on the mission value, extend social functions, and always adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We will display the achievements of excellent civilization, continuously improve the level of protection and utilization of cultural relics, strengthen the protection and inheritance of cultural heritage, and comprehensively promote the high-quality development of museums in the new era.