Cervical cancer was detected three years after HPV vaccination
Shows that the HPV vaccine is useless?
Rumor content: There is news on the Internet that "a woman was diagnosed with cervical cancer 3 years after receiving the HPV vaccine", which caused heated discussions among netizens, and some people claimed: The HPV vaccine is a scam.
Truth Reading: Just because you still get cervical cancer after receiving the HPV vaccine doesn't mean the vaccine is ineffective. Current vaccines mainly target the most common high-risk HPV types, which are responsible for the majority of cervical cancer cases.
But the HPV vaccine doesn't cover all types of HPV that cause cancer. Therefore, even if you are vaccinated against HPV, you can still develop cervical cancer if you are infected with a type of HPV that is not covered by the vaccine. In addition, if an individual is infected with HPV before vaccination, the vaccine will not provide a therapeutic effect on the infection that already exists.
Overall, while the HPV vaccine does not guarantee 100% protection against cervical cancer, numerous studies and statistics have shown that the vaccine significantly reduces the risk of cervical cancer due to HPV infection. Therefore, HPV vaccination is recommended for eligible individuals, combined with regular cervical cancer screenings, to minimize the risk of cervical cancer.
Source: Science refutes rumors
CT is done every time you do it
43% increased risk of cancer?
Myth: There is a rumor on the Internet that a study said that due to the need for nuclear radiation for CT, this will greatly increase the likelihood of cancer in people.
Truth Reading: The claim that CT increases the risk of cancer actually comes from a study of adolescents under the age of 22 who underwent CT examinations, with a particular focus on the risk of hematologic malignancies. The study found that CT may increase the risk of haematological malignancies in this population, but the focus of the study was to guide pediatricians to consider more carefully the need for CT and optimize the dose, rather than to dismiss the use of CT altogether.
In fact, the radiation dose for routine CT or X-ray is well below the safe upper limit. Therefore, it is not unreasonably important for adults to have occasional CT scans recommended by their doctor to help diagnose and treat the radiation risks.
In addition, according to the National Cancer Report 2024 released by the National Cancer Center, the incidence of hematologic malignancies (leukemia, lymphoma) is less than 1 in 10,000, and using this data as a reference, the risk increases by 43%, which is actually negligible for individuals.
Source: Science refutes rumors
Freshest slaughtered meat?
Rumor content: Some netizens shared their experience, saying that the meat cut when livestock was just slaughtered was the most tender and delicious, and it was not so fresh after a long time.
Truth Explained: Not all freshly slaughtered meat is the freshest. In fact, livestock enter the stiffening phase some time after slaughter, when the meat has a high lactic acid content and a pH between 5.4 and 6.7. Beef, lamb, pork, and chicken start stiffening about 2.5 hours and 1 hour after slaughter, respectively. The meat at this stage is hard and does not taste good.
The meat then enters the maturation stage, when the proteases in the muscles begin to break down the muscle tissue, softening the meat and further lowering the pH level. This series of reactions makes the meat soft and juicy, with a rich flavor, which is the best stage for meat to eat. Therefore, the meat that is in the late ripening stage is the most suitable for consumption, not the meat when it was slaughtered.
Source: Science refutes rumors
Chicken bone puree is poisonous
Can't be added to starchy sausage for people to eat?
Rumor content: There are reports of "starch intestines collapsing houses", because of the addition of chicken bone puree, poisonous people can't eat it.
Truth interpretation: In terms of ingredients, there are no "toxic and harmful" ingredients in chicken bone puree. From the perspective of food safety, as long as the production of chicken bone puree meets the food production standards, it is not illegal for "chicken bone puree" to be used in starch sausage.
However, whether the "commercial chicken bone puree" in reality can be used as food also needs to consider whether its processing process meets food standards. If the processing does not meet the "food grade specification" and only implements the "feed standard", then the resulting product can only be used as feed. The e-commerce merchants interviewed by the reporter in the news sold feed-grade products, so they naturally did not dare to say "for people to eat", but emphasized that "it is not recommended for people to eat".
Therefore, the "probable" question of chicken bone puree is: can the manufacturer produce it in compliance, and does the manufacturer that uses the bone puree to produce starch sausage (and other foods) purchase products that meet food specifications?
Source: Tencent News
Can low concentrations of atropine prevent myopia?
Can anyone use it?
Rumors: On March 11, atropine sulfate eye drops were approved by the National Medical Products Administration for marketing, and some people said that this is a "miracle drug" for the treatment of myopia, a drug that can prevent and cure myopia, and everyone can use it.
Truth interpretation: The indication of the approved drug is not to prevent myopia, but to delay the progression of myopia, and the applicable population has specific conditions, which cannot be used casually.
Liu Xinquan, director of the Department of Ophthalmology at Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said: "At present, more evidence-based medicine proves that 0.01% atropine sulfate eye drops are valuable for delaying the progression of myopia, but its application is after wearing optical correction products, for example, after wearing optical glasses to correct myopia, it is found that the prevention and control effect of myopia is not good, and it can be combined with 0.01% Atropine, enhance the effect of myopia prevention and control, or wear orthokeratology lenses after the effect is not good, you can also combine this drug, must be combined with the application of drugs after optical correction, in order to achieve myopia prevention and control effect, for myopia patients, the drug alone not only can not prevent and control myopia, but also may delay the correction time, which is very important. ”
In addition, long-term use of atropine eye drops also has side effects, which should be judged by a professional doctor and should not be used on their own.
Source: People's Daily Health Client
Is eight hours of sleep a day?
Myth: Quality sleep must reach eight hours of sleep every day, and less than eight hours is sleep deprivation.
Truth Interpretation: This statement is not accurate. The number of hours of sleep per day is suitable depends on the individual's physical habits and cannot be mandatory.
Because people of different ages have different sleep needs, people in the same age group may need different amounts of sleep. For example, some people are born "long sleepers" and can get more than 9 hours of sleep, while others are "short sleepers" who need less than 6 hours of sleep.
In addition, sleep quality is not only determined by the duration of sleep, but also related to the time to fall asleep, sleep maintenance, and the state after waking up. There are four key words for a good night's sleep: fast onset (no more than 30 minutes to fall asleep), not easy to wake up (no more than 2 times during the night, no more than 30 minutes to wake up), enough sleep, and good spirits.
Source: People's Daily Health Client
About the list of science myths
Released by the China Association for Science and Technology, experts are organized to hold a list review meeting every month, and hot rumors are selected for special interpretation based on criteria such as timeliness and harmfulness, and pushed across the network.
Joint list: Scientific Rumor Refutation Platform, China Internet Joint Rumor Refutation Platform, and "Learning to Power the Country" Learning Platform
Support platforms: Weibo to refute rumors, Toutiao to refute rumors, Tencent True, NetEase Health, Toutiao Health, Baidu Know, Douyin
Scientific Rumor Refuting: Sponsored by the China Association for Science and Technology, the National Health Commission, the Ministry of Emergency Management, the State Administration for Market Regulation and other ministries and commissions, guided by the Cyberspace Administration of China, and jointly created by national societies, authoritative media, social institutions and scientific and technological workers, it aims to effectively improve the dissemination, guidance and influence of rumor-dispelling information, so that rumors can stop at the wise and science outperform rumors.
List of judges
(in alphabetical order)
Liu Guanyang is the chief pharmacist of the Fourth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital
Song Shuang is an associate researcher at the Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Yu Zhang, Researcher, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Doctor of Medicine, Master Supervisor
Chen Peng is an associate professor at the Department of Communication, Nankai University
Jia Changkai is the deputy chief physician of Xiamen Eye Center affiliated to Xiamen University
Source丨Science refutes rumors (ID:Science_Facts)