When I watched the topic of Zhuge Liang ploughing for the first time the year before last, there were many things I wanted to interject, and the most unbearable of them may be "Zhuge Liang can't go to the war-torn land".
Because when I wrote the novel more than ten years ago, a lot of the plot would involve the clan fortress and self-defense, so I have sorted out a little bit of historical materials in this area, and I am very sensitive to this topic.
From the perspective of modern people, ploughing land is prone to errors, firstly, it involves ordinary people's cognition of the real Zhuge Liang in history, and secondly, it involves the cognition of the general environment of the Three Kingdoms period in history.
Putting aside the influence of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", I think Zhuge Liang in the early years of Jian'an was just a member of the tens of millions of "cloth clothes" in the troubled times, or a member of hundreds of thousands of "scholars", and his excellence came from his adult experience and the opportunities given by the Ji Han regime.
If you have to say that Zhuge Liang, who just arrived in Jingzhou as a teenager, is already a genius who knows everything like a god, can easily choose the safest ploughing land, and can also grab it with some kind of skill, this is out of imagination. Zhuge Liang himself said, "Gou Quan's life is in troubled times" and "lamenting the poor" are regarded as empty words by everyone.
As a person living in the north, under the circumstance that Liu Biao himself has to look at the faces of the local clans in Jingzhou, it is obviously unrealistic for Zhuge Liang to want to obtain a rich piece of fertile land from these clans.
According to reasoning, there are no more than three situations: 1. With the help of the power of the "circle of friends", you can get alms from Nakata and Shimoda near Xiangyang, such as the mountain fields in Chengxi Longzhong, 2. Go north to find the fertile land vacated by the loss of population in Nanyang County, and 3. Go to open up the wasteland yourself.
"Wei Luo": "(Yang Pei) occupies two acres of barren land in the sunset pavilion of Henan, starts melons and cattle houses, lives in them, his wife is cold and hungry, Pei dies, and the relatives and friends of the villagers and the deceased officials are also funeral. "Wasteland is difficult to cultivate, and 200 acres can't support a family, which is really miserable.
Liu Biao picked up some inferior land from the big clans around Xiangyang and distributed it to Zhuge Liang (Longzhong said), or let Zhuge Liang go to the so-called "Cao Zhan District" to pick up vacant land (Wancheng said), which has always been controversial, and Xinye, Sui, Fan, and Deng in the middle are the most suitable for ploughing, but unfortunately the first three are not directly recorded.
Let's not talk about the relatively safe plain areas in the middle, this article mainly solves the two questions of "whether people can live in the mountains" and "whether people can live in war-torn areas".
"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Xun Yu": Han Rong of the same county will have more than 1,000 clansmen and relatives to avoid chaos in the mountains of Missile. Yu said to his father: "Yingchuan, the land of the four wars." There are changes in the world, and they are often rushed. Although the density is small and solid, it is not enough to withstand the big difficulties, so it should be avoided urgently. "There are too many villagers to go. Han Fu of Mutong County, Jizhou sent a horse to greet him, Yu Nai alone took the clan from Fu, and most of the people who stayed were killed by Dong Zhuo and Li Dao.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Sima Lang": The father is in love with the old, and there is no follower, but Zhao Consult with the county, and the family members will go to Lang. In the following months, the prefectures and counties of the eastern part of the country raised troops, numbering hundreds of thousands, all of whom gathered in Xingyang and Hanoi. The generals cannot be the same, the soldiers plunder, and the people are half dead.
The above two items, simply put, are that only a very small number of "smart people" had the courage to give up their homeland at that time, and the rest of them stayed in the war-torn zone without a good end. On the surface, it proves that people cannot live in war-torn areas, but on the other hand, it actually shows that most people would rather choose war-torn zones.
Han Rong's father and Xun Yu's grandfather are both "Yingchuan Four Chiefs", and they are both the smartest people in Yingchuan, but Xun Yu can avoid trouble, Han Rong can't, this has nothing to do with IQ, but a trade-off, which is affected by various factors. In the troubled times, many simple-minded people survived, and many genius-level scholars died. In fact, it is not uncommon for wanderers to die in a foreign land.
Knowing that there was danger, Han Rong and his ilk still remained in the war-torn area, first, because their quality of life would inevitably decline after they went to other places; second, they were unwilling to give up their cultivated fields and ancestral graves; second, they believed that Dong Zhuojun would soon leave the country and would not enter the mountains; and third, the mountains and forests were in danger to defend. In fact, there are many people who go into the mountains to escape the war, and many people have succeeded.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" "The Yellow Turban Thieves of the State broke through Beihai, and (Zheng) Xuan and the men took refuge in Buqi Mountain. ”
"Sun Quan killed Wu Jun too much to keep the constitution, and the constitution was filial piety and filial piety, and Dai Yuan died in the mountains."
"(Yang) Jun started with a rebellion, and Hanoi is in the Qu of Sida, which will be a battlefield, and it will support the old and weak in Yijing and Mishan." (It is the same area as the aforementioned Hanrong)
"At the beginning of Jian'an, Guanzhong Shiping, (Liang) Mao and Fufeng Su entered Wugong Nanshan together."
"(谯) Xiu often crowned deerskin, ploughing the mountain serval. and Xiao Jing's rebellion, taking refuge in the canal and Sichuan, and the villagers and clans Feng Yi numbered hundreds. ”
"(Tian Chou) is in the middle of the mountain, the camp is deep and dangerous, and he lives in the open land, ploughing to support his parents. The people returned to it, and in a few years it reached more than 5,000 families. ("The Deeds of the Ancestors" as the endless mountain)
“黄巾起，（邴）原将家属入海，住郁洲山中。 （管宁）庐於山谷。 ”
"The Shape of the Sages": "Songzi Degao, Yiyang people." Less is easy to learn, and poor do not change their minds. Knowing that the world will be chaotic, he should not be ordered by the three princes, and he lives in seclusion in Lixi Mountain with several people. Yellow Turban, Song took refuge in the south".
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty" "Since the world was in turmoil, (Liu) Kun took refuge in the mountains of Henan. ”
During his studies, Chenggong "collected wages for all students." Later, he was mourned by the world, so he avoided Hanzhong, and then cultivated with his wife in Mengyin Mountain. He will be the general, and if people recognize it, the palace will not plan and push it away."
"(Huan Rong) hundreds of disciples. Reckless, the world is in chaos. Rong hugged his scriptures and his disciples and fled to the valley, although he was often hungry and poor, but he never stopped preaching".
Since we have already talked about bringing disciples into the mountains, I will put the example of teaching in the mountains in peacetime at the back.
Li Sui returned to his hometown, lived in the mountains, made grass for his house, and weaved mats with all living beings for self-sufficiency.
(Country) Yuan Du learned the ancients, in Liaodong, often lectured on the mountains and rocks,
Zhang Kai's family is poor and has no employment, and often takes a donkey cart to the county to sell medicine, which is enough for the eaters...... Secluded in the Hongnong Mountains, scholars followed, and lived in the city.
Zhang Zhen migrated to Changshan, disciples and hundreds of people.
The Yellow Turban thieves in Xuzhou broke through the Beihai, and the Xuanhemen people took refuge in Buqi Mountain. When the valley is lacking, Xuan is thankful for all the lives.
Chen Yu is the head of Taiqiu, who was imprisoned by the party, lived in seclusion in Jingshan, and was a master from far and near.
(Wei Ying) taught the mountains and Zezhong, and there were often hundreds of disciples.
Wang Mang usurped the throne, (Liu) Mao abandoned the official, and escaped from the world as a professor in the mountains.
Fan Ying is hidden in the sun of Hushan, and the recipients come from all directions.
Gao Feng later became a famous Confucian and taught in the West Tang Mountains.
Zhao Kang Shusheng is hidden in Wudang Mountain, quiet and quiet, and teaches through the scriptures.
Gongsun Hao learned from Lu Zhi of Zhuo County in the Wushi Mountains.
Liu Yan went to the official residence of Yangcheng Mountain, a professor of fine learning.
Yingrong is strict, Chen Guochang is a peaceful person, erudite and knowledgeable, and good at "Spring and Autumn Zuo". In the middle of the early peace, to avoid chaos in Jingzhou, more than 1,000 people gathered. Liu Biao thought that Wuling was too guarded and refused to get up.
By the way, there are a few more examples of scholars and wise men living in seclusion in the mountains and forests, and some of them may also be accompanied by disciples.
Han Ji character Gongzhi, Nanyang Duyang people...... Migrating to the mountains of the mountain capital. Jingzhou Mu Liu Biao Lipi, then fled, and lived in the south of the Lingling Realm.
Hu Zhao moved to Luhun Mountain, cultivated and enjoyed the road, and entertained himself with scriptures. Lu Li respects and loves it.
何夔遁隠灊山。
Lu Zhi went to the throne with old age and illness, and lived in seclusion in Shanggu Jundu Mountain,
Every Meng Lang evil labor mountain, nourishing the will and cultivating the road,
Yan Guang is cultivated in Fuchun Mountain, and the descendants name its fishing place as Yan Ling Seyan.
Liang Hong and Meng Guang entered Baling Mountain, took farming and weaving as their business, sang "poems" and "books", and played the piano to entertain themselves.
Gao Hui, less good "Lao Tzu", hidden in Huayin Mountain.
Cautious and young, yellow, old, hidden in the valley, because the acupoint is the room.
It is understandable that there are no ordinary people and mundane things in the mountains and forests, and it is a good place to read. Similar to this situation, "there should be no conquest", and if you don't want to be an official and are afraid of being forcibly taken away, you will hide in the mountains.
Dai Liang fled into the Jiangxia Mountains. Youyou. ”
Fa Zhen said to Taishou: "If you want to do it, it will really be in the north of the North Mountain, and the south of the South Mountain." "
Huangfu Mi's "Biography of Yishi" "(Wang) Jun is quiet on the outside and clear on the inside, and should not be ordered by the state, county, and three prefectures. The bus levy, not to come, to avoid the place to live in Wuling, more than 100 families. ”
Whether it's because of the war or for the sake of quiet entry into the mountains, what everyone is most concerned about is "how to live in the mountains"?
During the Han Dynasty, the technology of farming in the mountains was insufficient, and only a few areas have been found in a few areas that are suspected to be pottery molds or murals of terraced fields, and it is difficult to make a living from the mountains alone. Therefore, there are three main situations in the history books for people who "enter the mountains": first, they live in the mountains, but farm on the flat land at the bottom of the mountains, in front of the mountains, and in the valleys; second, they use the products in the mountains to exchange food in the market; and third, they take refuge for a short time and are finally forced out of the mountains.
Relying on the mountains to eat the mountains, the reason that Dong Zhuo put forward when he moved the capital to Chang'an was "and the right timber of Longyou is self-explanatory, which is very easy." There are thousands of pottery stoves in the old pottery stove of Emperor Wu under the south mountain of Duling, and the camp is made." Not to mention the prey and minerals in the mountains, even the common wood and stone are extremely valuable resources.
In the Han Dynasty, the things produced in the mountains and forests were officially organized, and the people who wanted to collect them would be taxed separately. However, in some disaster years, the official will take the initiative to waive this fee, and let the people go into the mountains to take their own troubles, not to mention the troubled times, and if they want to collect taxes, they will only fight.
"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty and the Emperor of the Dead" "Those who cannot survive by the disaster will be allowed to fish and collect mountains, forests and ponds, and do not collect fake taxes. ”
The following examples are the various uses of mountain goods by the ancients.
"At the end of Wang Mang, the world was full of drought locusts, and a pound of gold was easy to grow in millet and a hu; ”
"Taitong is hidden in Wu'an Mountain, digging holes for living, and collecting medicine for his own business. ”
"Han Kang's family name is famous. It is often collected from the famous mountain of medicine and sold in Chang'an City. ”
"Wei Luo": "Liu Xiongming, Lantian people." Rarely to collect medicine and shoot hunting, often live under the mountain of the overturned car. ”
"Pang Gong, a native of Xiangyang, Nanjun. Living in the south of Da Hyeon Mountain, he has not tasted the city. took his wife to Lumen Mountain, because the medicine collection did not return. ”
"Ji Kang collected medicine in the Gongbei Mountain of Ji County, and saw the hermit Sun Deng. Dengzi Gonghe, I don't know who he is, no family, in the Beishan Cave in Ji County. In summer, the grass is woven into clothes, and in the winter, it is self-covered. ”
"(Ma) Teng is poor and has no industry, and often cuts timber from Zhangshan to sell it to the city to supply itself. ”
"Xia Fu entered the forest and mountain, concealed his name, and worked as a domestic helper. Pro-pro pro-pro smoky charcoal. ”
"Du Gen is a guest of Yicheng Mountain Restaurant, accumulating fifteen years. ”
"Be cautious with Ma Yao of the same county, hide in Huangshan, and take the rabbit as a thing (catch rabbits with a net). ”
You can see that there are still many ways to survive in the mountains, collecting and selling medicines, hunting, being a servant, a slave, and I remember raising pigs in the mountains. In fact, the people who live on flat land often need to go up to the mountains to collect firewood and herd sheep.
Of course, mountain goods can't be the main business, life in the mountains is still hard overall, and dieting is also a way to survive......
"Therefore, the soldier may hide his eyes and dive in the depths, or he may dwell in the mountains with his ears, or he may cultivate the grass and be only full, or he may be hungry for a long time."
"When Ruan was young, he tried to visit Sumen Mountain, and there were hermits in Sumen Mountain, unknown surnames, and there were bamboo and mortar pestles. ”
The place of Goguryi is 2,000 miles, with many mountains and deep valleys, and people live with them. The small field industry is not enough to be self-funded, so its custom is to eat and drink. (All the way to modern Korea)
There are huddles for warmth.
"Chang Lin is to avoid the party on the ground and cultivate the mountains. At that time, the drought locusts, the forest was harvested, and they were all called to neighbors, and they were divided into buckets. (It seems that there is a locust protection effect in the mountains?)
Yang Jun...... Between Beijing and Mishan, there are more than 100 companions. Jun Zhenji is poor, and there is nothing in total. ”
There are also thieves who can't support themselves.
"(Sima Zhi) is less of a scholar, avoids chaos in Jingzhou, and encounters thieves in Luyang Mountain."
"The thieves in the valleys are more connected, and the number is up to millions, and they are called black mountain thieves. ”
"The Biography of Gao Shi" "In the sixteenth year of Jian'an, the people heard that Ma Chao rebelled, and more than 1,000 families who avoided the army and entered the mountain, starved and tired, and gradually robbed each other."
"And the thief Shuai Jinqi Wanhu Tun Anle Mountain, Mao Gan Wanhu Tun Wu Liao Mountain, Yi Shuai Chen Fu, Zushan and other 20,000 households Tunlin Lishan. Lin Lishan stands on all sides, dozens of zhang high, the path is dangerous and narrow, and it is not allowed to be swordsmanlike. ”
The above examples may not all be used to demonstrate Zhuge Liang's life in the mountains and forests, and I sometimes write articles just to put similar materials together for easy access later.
In terms of the relevance of the topic of mountains and forests and cultivated land, the above examples provide the possibility and way of survival because the Nanyang side believes that the "deep mountains and old forests" in the late Han Dynasty are infested with tigers and wolves, and the roads are isolated and unsuitable for survival, and the second is that the Xiangyang side believes that Cao Cao and Liu Biao repeatedly fought over the northern part of Nanyang County, and the war zone cannot survive.
Of course, the situation in Longzhong Mountain is definitely different from the mountains in various examples, and Wancheng is also different from other areas, and I am only providing supporting evidence, not direct evidence, and I am not prepared to convince anyone.
In fact, in the late Han Dynasty, the situation of "the county is the emperor, and the county is the king" (from the "Heroes" Lu Bu and Xiao Jianshu) situation, it is unsafe to live in any area, including the 150 miles southwest of Xiangyang, the barbarian king Meishiki, in the early years of Jian'an, the edge of its power may be dozens of miles away from Xiangyang, and the Xiangyang barbarians and Jiangxia barbarians near Xiangyang do not know when they appeared, and the more common ones are "mountain thieves" and "sect thieves" everywhere.
Of course, "Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Heqia" also mentions: "Jingzhou Liu Biao...... The people of Shanyi are weak, and they are easy to rely on." That is to say, the barbarians in the Jingzhou area have average combat effectiveness or ferocity (estimated to be relative to the Hu people in Yizhou, Yangzhou and the north).
The materials related to "mountains" in the late Han Dynasty are almost above, and I can't talk about what conclusions to make, just for reference, and if necessary, take it yourself. Later, by the way, similar to the "mountain", the thieves from all over the country will be listed, and the dock fort of these people may also be built on the mountain.
When "Spring and Autumn in Kyushu" talked about Yuan Tan's situation in Qingzhou, he said that each county "has 10,000 households in the city, and there are not hundreds of books". In other words, at that time, only a few percent of the people honestly registered and paid taxes normally.
Regarding the population of the Three Kingdoms period at the end of the Han Dynasty, there are many articles on this aspect, so I will directly put the numbers: 56 million during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, 4.43 million during Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms, 1.08 million in Shu Han, and 2.56 million in Wu (not the same period), that is, a total of about 8 million (7.6 million in the "General Dictionary"), which is still the population of the three countries at their peak, and it is only equivalent to 14 percent of the population of Emperor Huan, but it is indeed only equivalent to a few percent of the population of Emperor Huan during the Jian'an period.
It is generally accepted by scholars that not all of those who disappeared died from war, famine and epidemics, but most of them were hidden among the people. For example, in the first year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (280 years), the statistics quickly reached 16 million, and the actual population around 300 AD was 35 million in modern analysis. Between 8 million and 35 million, the main difference is the hermitage. (Note: The above are more recognized views and the details are not important, in order to save time and reduce the amount of reading, I will not directly put the original text of the historical materials and the analysis process, more serious friends can consult the relevant articles on their own)
Of course, a large number of the hermits are slaves and outcasts, but we only focus on the self-defended and large-scale "thieves", because only this situation can explain why some people dare to stay in their homeland to fight against the regular armies such as Dong Zhuo and Cao Cao when the world is in turmoil.
It must be popularized that the so-called "thief" did not only refer to the "peasant uprising" or the "king of the mountain" at that time, as long as the other party has a different position from you, or does not pay taxes to us, you can call him a thief. For example, Lu Bu called Sun Jian a thief, Li Dian called Liu Bei a thief, "Cao Zhen Tablet" called Zhuge Liang a thief, and Zhuge Liang also called Wei Jun a "Wei thief".
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms: He Complete" "The people of Poyang were especially suddenly sealed by Cao Gong and turned the people into thieves".
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Sima Zhi" "Liu Jie, the county master, the hero of the old clan, has more than 1,000 guests, and he is a thief and enters the chaos of the officials. ”
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms: The Biography of Sun Poyu" "Wu Ren Yan Baihu and other people gathered more than 10,000 people, gathered everywhere", "Wu Lu" "From time to time, there are Wu Cheng Zou He, Qian Tong and the former Hepu Taishou Jiaxing Wang Sheng, etc., each gathering more than 10,000 or thousands (note that the former Taishou is 'gathering people', and is called together with other sect commanders). (Sun Ce) led troops to fight, and they were all defeated. "The strategy is to ask for the tiger, and the tiger is sticking to it, so that his younger brother will ask for peace." ”
In the context of the late Han Dynasty, if there were no officials or no family wealth in the clan, it would be difficult for them to gather a large number of subordinates and build barriers by mouth, so it can be inferred that many so-called "clan thieves" are big clans that do not obey the current officials and are themselves "former officials".
Hu Sansheng notes the "Zizhi Tongjian" said: "The small one in the city is called Wu." The world is fighting, gathering people to build docks to defend themselves. ”
"The Book of the Later Han Dynasty: The Biography of Liu Biao" "sent people to lure the thieves and commanders, and fifteen people were killed, and they all attacked them. Only the Jiangxia thieves Zhang Hu and Chen sat on the army in Xiangyang City, and the envoy Yue and Pang Ji went to war, but they surrendered. "Everyone is very familiar with this paragraph, Liu Biao got rid of these dozen thieves, and the counties and counties in Jingzhou heard the news or surrendered or fled, which shows the weight of the thieves in the eyes of the people at that time. I sometimes suspect that these thieves are the dozens of families in the crown who have produced "2,000 stones".
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the power of the big clan was very strong, no less than some of the small "princes" we are familiar with, and the clan soldiers were not all the kind of green clothes and blue heads we thought, and they were vulnerable. When Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty begged for the Yellow Turban, "Zhao Gongqing's hundreds of officials have their own crossbows." "The clan is equipped.
"Later Han Dynasty": "(Zhu) Jun wrote a letter to ask for recruitment in this county, and the Son of Heaven allowed him to do it cheaply. He had 2,000 soldiers from his family, and 5,000 from the county. "Zhu Jun relied on these 5,000 people to sweep the world, and wherever there was a need, he would go to quell the chaos.
"Book of the Later Han Dynasty" Zhang Fan's "Han Ji": "At the end of Emperor Ling, (Zheng Tai) knew that the world would be chaotic, and Yin befriended Haoji. The family is rich in wealth, there are 400 hectares of land, and the food is often insufficient, and it is famous in Shandong. ”
Not to mention Mi Zhu, "10,000 servants", he sent Liu Bei 2,000 people casually, and Liu Bei immediately "relied on this to recover".
Originally, I was saying that there were former officials in the "thieves", why did they jump to the big clan that didn't do thieves, isn't it too divergent?
In fact, it does not mean that only those who are "thieves" will be crusaded. Like when Zhuge Ke coveted the elite soldiers of Danyang, "wait for its grain to be ripe, and then cut the soldiers to make no seeds." The old valley is exhausted, the new fields are not harvested, and the common people live in the camp, and there is nothing to enter, so the mountain people are hungry and poor, and gradually come out and surrender. "Forced the Danyang mountain people who farmed so hungry that they came out to become soldiers.
Chang Lin "is too guarded by Chen Yanbi in the old river." Chen and Feng are surnamed, and the old family crown. Zhang Yang benefited his women and was greedy for his goods. Lin led his clan and plotted for it".
'The number of people in the sea dusk sect bullied the country, and it was troubled for many years, and it was attacked and the route was inconvenient, but fortunately it was due to the general's divine force. And the country is rich and solid, Wu Wayue Ji is filled in the backyard, and the pearl shellfish is hidden in Yu, which can be used to fund the army, although the Jinbi Mansion of Chengdu County, Shu County has not been able to pass. (Sun) is willing to raise the city, bow down to the soldiers, and think it is foreign aid. '(Liu) Xunranzhi. Liu Ye admonished: 'Although the upper line is small, and the city is strong and deep, it is easy to defend, but it is difficult to attack, and it is not possible to pull it out in ten days.
Because of the late development time in Yangzhou, there are many small forces that are self-protecting, so we will see that the generals of Soochow spend a lot of time begging for thieves (robbing).
Of course, the local Haoqiang is not a vegetarian, and tens of thousands of people are often there, like the famous Ma and Bao Ertun, the Sun family attacked many times without success, and it was not until the eleventh year of Jian'an that Zhou Yu took it.
There are the most thieves in "The Legend of He Qi". "The thieves Hong Ming, Hong Jin, Yuan Yu, Wu Fu, Hua Dang and other five people, each rate of 10,000 households." "And the thief Shuai Jinqi Wanhu Tun Anqin Mountain, Mao Gan Wanhu Tun Wu Liao Mountain, Yi Shuai Chen Servant, Zushan and other 20,000 households Tunlin Lishan. "Wu County Yu Hang Minlang Zhi Hezong thieves, thousands of people. "Peng Cai, Li Yu, Wang Hai, and others in the eastern part of Yuzhang rebelled, and there were more than 10,000 people. "Wait. No one knows if these forces are simply protecting themselves, or if they have really come out to rob.
Full of favor for Runan Taishou, "recruited 500 of its obedient people, led to capture more than 20 walls, lured them to not descend the canal marshal, and killed more than 10 people on the sitting, all of them were peaceful for a while." 20,000 households, 2,000 soldiers, and orders to work in the fields." This is the same as Liu Biao, attracting others to drink and then killing them. If it was really a group of robbers, knowing that there was a felony, would they dare to come to the banquet?
"The Biography of Taishi Ci" "There is a wall in the sea and dusk, and there are five or six thousand families gathered together to form a clan, but the rent is distributed in the county, and one person cannot be called." It can be seen that the biggest sin of these thousands of families is that they refuse to join the army, and they still pay taxes, but Hua Xin didn't care about it, and in the end he was pacified by Sun Ce, who was greedy for money.
"(Tian) returned to the north, and led the clan to attach hundreds of people...... Then he entered Xu Wu Mountain, lived in a deep and dangerous flat land, and cultivated to support his parents. The people returned to it, and in a few years there were more than 5,000 families. ”
Du Shu "camp Yiyang a spring dock, because of its solid barriers, small family".
Xu Chu "At the end of the Han Dynasty, thousands of young people and clans were gathered, and the walls were built to defend the wall. When Runan Gepi thieves more than 10,000 people attacked Chubi".
The above figures of the Three Kingdoms that we are familiar with have never done anything bad to protect themselves.
Yuan Shao dominated one side, "and attacked Liu Shi, Qingniujiao, Huanglong, Zuo Xiao, Guo Daxian, Li Damu, Yu Yigen, etc., all slaughtering its tunbi."
"Dongmu people are in the king's camp, and there are more than 3,000 families."
"Mu Ping thieves from money, many thousands".
"There is a thief Chen Ce in the Lujiang realm, tens of thousands of people, guarding in danger. ”
"More than 5,000 families such as thief Zhang Chi gathered in Taoshan. ”
"First of all, the county man Hou Yinanti, thousands of people, in the mountains for a group of thieves. ”
Some of the above "thieves" may have come out to rob, but the main reason for being crusaded is their population and money.
It will be clearer if it is extended to the period of Wuhu Chaohua.
Dunhuang Mingshaqu unearthed "Mingsha Stone Room Book": "Yongjia Rebellion (304-316), mid-summer famine. The number of the handsome guards is less than forty. The most are only four or five thousand, and the few are thousands and five hundred. ”
"Book of Jin" "Shi Sheng attacked Liu Yao Hanoi and guarded Yin Ping in Xin'an, beheaded it, Ke Lei Wall more than 10 times, plundered more than 5,000 households and returned";
Shi Le "Kou Xiangyang, captured more than 30 fortresses in Jiangxi, and left Diao Ying to defend Xiangyang" and returned.
is also the "Baobi Marshal", known as the "thief" in the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty, and in the Jin Dynasty, he is our northern compatriots who stick to their homeland.
Listing so many materials, it still means that, making an archive for yourself, not necessarily all of them are used to prove anything.
To return to the topic of ploughing the land, that is, in the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty, it was not only the dozen or so "princes" who were fighting, not that like the conventional concept, whoever captured a few county towns and set up a taishou and a county magistrate was equivalent to pacifying the local area.
You can plough in the mountains and forests, and you can also plough in war-torn land, and you may not be caught. Although I support the peaceful and fertile Xinye, Sui, Deng, and Fan, it does not prevent me from speaking out for the Fulong Mountains in Longzhong Mountain and the Zhuzhu north of Wancheng.
(I don't like to look for a book to read like some bloggers do, and directly spread the official history and traditional views that have long been said to be rotten, they only do popular science work, not digging.) ）
Keep in mind that about 90 percent of the population is not under official jurisdiction. And the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" we have seen, the pen and ink used for these populations are not even one percent.
What is not recorded in historical records does not mean that it did not happen, it may just happen because it happened in the other 90% of the space. Finding these leftovers is what history lovers are interested in.