Flowers are non-mosaic, non-leafy plums, non-plums, triangular plums
Zhou Qun et al
Triangle plum, also known as leaf flower, rhododendron, bougainvillea, is an evergreen shrub or woody vine of the genus Purple Jasmineaceae. It is native to South America, with a long flowering period, large flowers, bright flower color, but not cold-tolerant, spread by botanists, horticultural enthusiasts, etc., across the ocean, widely introduced and cultivated to tropical and subtropical regions.
It has been cultivated in mainland China for more than 100 years, and it is recorded that it was first introduced from England to Taiwan in 1872 by Dr. Mackay, a Canadian missionary, and then collected specimens in Beihai City in 1919 and Xiamen City in 1922. Xiamen is the first city in mainland China to designate Triceratops as the city flower, and the earliest city to carry out research on the domestication and cultivation of Triceratops and its extensive application. On the side of the road in Xiamen, in the park, and in the community, there are triangular plums everywhere. The famous Xiamen poet Shu Ting's "Triangle Plum under the Sunshine Rock" is a true portrayal of Xiamen Triangle Plum. Nowadays, the triangular plum has become the city flower (state flower and county flower) of nearly 30 cities in mainland China
"Flowers are not flowers, leaves are not leaves, and plums are not plums" is the label of the triangular plum. As the saying goes, "seeing is believing", in fact, it is not necessarily true, what we usually call the "flower" of the triangle plum is not its real "flower", but its bracts. The bract is a special transitional organ of flowering plants, derived from leaves, but has evolved some new functions in the long process of evolution, becoming a special leaf that is specifically associated with flowers, located below or on the periphery of flowers or inflorescences, with obvious leaf veins. The bracts of the triangular plum are relatively large, the texture is thin, papery, generally 3 pieces as a group, and the task is to protect the flowers. The real flowers of the triangular plum are very small, usually 3 clusters are born in 3 bracts, forming a cluster of umbrella inflorescences, the color is not bright, and it looks very inconspicuous, which is also the reason and uniqueness of the triangular plum blossom non-flower, leaf non-leaf. The color of the triangular plum bract is extremely rich, in the Xiamen Garden Botanical Garden National Triangular Plum germplasm resource bank, you can see more than 1000 germplasm resources in line with modern aesthetics, not limited to the common red and purple varieties, but also white, yellow, orange, pink and compound color, so that the triangular plum can create a warm and festive, or quiet and elegant, or beautiful and dreamy atmosphere, enriching the scope of application.
Plum is a plant of the Rosaceae family, while Triceratops is a completely different plant from plum. The triangular plum is not a plum but a "plum", and it is more in the "shape" than in the "god". It often blooms in winter and spring, 3 small flowers resemble plum blossoms, the flower color is delicate but not delicate, drought resistance, sun resistance, poverty resistance, vitality is very tenacious. On weekdays, it is obscure, regardless of geographical environment, willing to endure loneliness, and Mei's temperament is very consistent, and it is reasonable for people who love Mei to call it "Mei".
"Containing red clover, a city in the wind", triangular plum is strong, adaptable, long flowering, widely planted in South China, and often used in late spring to early autumn for flower landscaping in northern China. Because the triangular plum is a climbing shrub, the branches have good plasticity, and can be woven for the decoration of flower stands, flower columns, arches and walls, and can also be pruned into small trees to make pile scenery bonsai and used as landscape trees. Dwarf pruning can be used as hedges for pedestrian bridges, overpasses, urban road dividers and slope greening. Diversified application forms, superior ecological and landscape value, so that the triangular plum is highly respected by designers, widely popular in municipal landscaping, and has become one of the most versatile and satisfying woody flowering plants in many cities in mainland China, especially in the southern urban landscaping.
As a "South American visitor", how to plant and develop well in the land of China is a problem that we need to think deeply. The author believes that although the overall demand for Triangle plum is rising, but with the cooling of the real estate field in the mainland, the engineering seedlings have been greatly reduced, and the demand for family balcony beautification has risen greatly. The author suggests that we can exert efforts from the following three points.
The first is to screen excellent varieties, standardize the names of varieties, and promote the benign circulation of triangular plum. After more than 20 years of continuous introduction from abroad, the number of varieties of Triangle plum in mainland China has increased to more than 400. These varieties have a complete range of flowers and colors, which can basically meet the public's demand for the diversity of triangular plum. However, there are some problems in the germplasm resources of P. triangularis, such as the imperfect evaluation system, the lag of in-depth identification and mining of germplasm resources and germplasm innovation, and the insufficient understanding of the growth habits of many varieties. At present, there are regional differences in the application of Triceratopans in the garden, and the application effect is not good in some areas, so the ecological adaptability, ornamental characteristics and development and application potential of each variety should be comprehensively evaluated, and the excellent varieties suitable for different applications should be screened out. Producers can choose suitable series according to product needs, so as to subdivide the market of triangular plum varieties and avoid vicious competition. The second is to solve the difficulties of three-dimensional application and enhance the cultural connotation of products. Triangle plum is an excellent three-dimensional greening material, but it needs to solve some planting and maintenance management problems in the application. In the three-dimensional modeling, if we can find the appropriate form and method of expression that are integrated with the Chinese national culture, and then give it connotation and interpretation, show the beautiful posture and colorful colors of the triangular plum, and achieve both form and spirit, there will be a large market. The third is to reconstruct the industrial chain, improve quality and efficiency, and develop in an orderly manner. With the advent of the triangle plum market segment, the industrial chain will be reconstructed, and the large and complete, small and complete will give way to the large and refined, small and specialized, which is also one of the important trends of industrial development.
In short, in recent years, the mainland triangle plum industry has developed rapidly, the competition has become increasingly intensified, coupled with the sharp rise in the cost of production factors such as labor and land, and the application of municipal engineering landscaping has decreased, making corporate profits declining, increasing risks, and facing many new situations and new problems in industrial development. In order to maintain the steady growth of the triangle plum industry and improve the ability to resist risks, it is necessary to carry out forward-looking layout, market-oriented, science and technology as the support, efficiency as the center, work new varieties, new technologies, new production methods and new marketing models, and strengthen scientific and technological investment and achievement transformation. Through specialized market segmentation, large-scale reduction of production costs, improvement of product quality and differentiation, multi-faceted elongation of the industrial chain and product line, the development of Internet sales and home gardening market, the development of exchanges and cooperation and resource integration, leading the healthy growth of the triangle plum, the flower of friendship that blooms all over the land of southern China.
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