The laying of indoor water supply and drainage pipes is the most common, and it is related to the water consumption of residents, so it is also the most problematic. Therefore, I will elaborate on some common construction precautions from the aspects of water supply and drainage pipeline layout, laying, technical measures and water quality protection, hoping to help you.
1. Layout of water supply pipelines
1. Inlet pipe: From the perspective of water distribution balance and reliable water supply, it is advisable to introduce it from the place where the water consumption of the building is the largest and where the water is not allowed to be cut off (when the distribution of water points is uneven).
Uniform water use – brought in from the middle of the building to shorten the length of the pipeline and reduce the head loss of the pipe network.
Number of pieces: generally one, when the number of water cut-off or fire extinguishing ties is greater than 10, 2 pieces, and introduced from different sides of the building, when introduced on the same side, the spacing is greater than 10m.
Anti-icing and anti-pressure outdoor: 0.2m below the freezing line, clay 0.7m or more: indoor wear the foundation, under the foundation.
2. Water meter node: north - inside the load-bearing wall; South – Water meter wells
3. Indoor water supply pipe network: related to the nature of the building, shape, structural condition, layout of sanitary appliances and the water supply method adopted:
(1) Strive for the shortest length, walk in a straight line as much as possible, parallel to the wall beams and columns, take care of the aesthetics, and consider the convenience of construction and maintenance.
(2) The main pipe should be as close as possible to large users or intermittent water supply should not be allowed to ensure reliable water supply, reduce the flow of pipeline transfer, and make the large-diameter pipeline the shortest.
(3) It shall not be laid in the drainage room, flue and air duct, and it is not allowed to pass through the urinal trough, window, wall cabinet and wood decoration.
(4) Avoid the settlement joint, if it is necessary to cross, the corresponding technical measures should be taken
(5) The water supply pipeline in the workshop can be overhead or buried, and when it is overhead, it shall not hinder the production operation and traffic, and shall not pass through the equipment. It is not allowed to place pipes on raw materials, products, and equipment that may cause explosion, combustion, or damage when exposed to water. The buried ground should be away from the equipment foundation to avoid crushing or seismic damage.
Second, the laying of water supply and drainage pipelines
According to the different requirements of the building in terms of hygiene and aesthetics, it can be divided into open and concealed
1. Surface-mounted: Pipes are laid indoors along walls, beams, columns, ceilings, and floors.
Advantages: low cost, easy to install and maintain;
Disadvantages: unsightly, condensation, dust accumulation, hindering environmental hygiene.
2. Concealed installation: pipelines are laid in basements or ceilings, or concealed in tube wells, pipe grooves, and pipe trenches.
Features: good sanitary conditions, beautiful appearance, high cost, inconvenient construction and maintenance.
Application: Buildings with high construction standards, such as high-rise buildings and hotels, require clean and dull workshops indoors, such as precision instruments, electronic components, etc
Indoor water supply pipes can be erected together with other pipes, and safety, construction, maintenance and other requirements should be considered. When the pipelines are set up in parallel or cross, the mutual position, distance, and fixation of the pipelines should be uniformly handled in accordance with the relevant requirements of the pipeline comprehensive.
3. Introducing the tube
(1) Anti-icing and anti-pressure
Outdoor part: the elevation of the top of the pipe is 20cm below the freezing line; The covering soil is not less than 0.7~1.0m
(2) Off the wall: pass under the foundation and leave a hole; Wears the base d+200
(a) pass under a shallow foundation and (b) pass through the foundation
4. Water meter node
North - within the first load-bearing wall
Southern: Mizuomote Inaka
The temperature is above >2°C, which is convenient for maintenance and checking, and is not polluted or damaged.
3. Technical measures for pipeline anti-corrosion, anti-freezing, anti-dew and anti-leakage
In order to make the internal water supply system of the building work normally for a long time, in addition to strengthening the maintenance and management, the following measures need to be taken in the construction.
1. Anti-corrosion: Regardless of the light and dark pipes and equipment, except for galvanized steel pipes, military needs should be anti-corrosion
External anti-corrosion of steel pipes - oil brushing method: rust removal, anti-rust paint two (Zhangdan) topcoat (silver powder).
Anticorrosive layer: primer (cold base oil), asphalt martain, waterproof membrane, kraft paper, etc.
Cold bottom oil, asphalt glass cloth two, heat clear three (two cloth and three oil).
Cast iron pipes - the surface of the buried ground is brushed with asphalt for anti-corrosion.
Bright dew brushed camphor and silver powder
Internal anti-corrosion - when transporting corrosive liquids, in addition to using corrosion-resistant pipes, the inner wall of steel pipes or cast iron pipes can also be coated with anti-corrosion materials, such as rubber lining and Chen FRP.
2. Anti-freeze avoid rooms that are prone to freezing
Keep warm - the roof water tank in cold areas, indoor pipes that are not heated in winter, pipes located in the foyer and aisle should take warm measures, slag wool, glass wool, etc.
3. When the water temperature of the pipeline in the room (laundry room) with high working temperature is high and the temperature is lower than the room temperature, the outer wall of the pipeline and equipment will be condensed, which will damage the wall over time, cause pipeline corrosion, and affect environmental hygiene.
Anti-condensation measures - moisture-proof insulation, generally the same as the temperature protection method
Fourth, water quality protection
1. Each water supply system (domestic water supply, direct drinking water, domestic miscellaneous water) should be independent and self-contained, and should not be connected in series.
2. Domestic water shall not be polluted by backflow due to pipelines.
3. The drinking water tank of the secondary water supply facility in the building should be set up independently, and its storage capacity shall not exceed the water consumption of 48h, and the overflow water of other water shall not be allowed to enter.
4. The net distance between the buried domestic water storage tank and the septic tank and sewage treatment structure should not be less than 10m.
5. The living reservoir in the building shall be in the form of an independent structure, and the building structure shall not be used as the wall, bottom plate and roof of the pool.
6. When the living pool (box) is set up in parallel with other water pools (boxes), there should be independent pool walls, and the same partition wall shall not be shared; Water seepage from the gap between the two pool walls should be drained by self-flow.
7. The living pool (box) in the building should be located in a special room, and the room above it should not be equipped with a toilet, toilet, kitchen, sewage treatment room, etc.
8. The structure and piping of the living pool (box) shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The material, lining material and inner wall coating of the pool (box) should be made of materials that do not pollute water quality:
(2) The pool (box) must be covered and sealed; The manhole should have a sealed cover and be locked; Pool vents are not allowed to enter other rooms.
(3) The inlet and outlet pipes should be arranged on different sides of the pool to avoid short circuits in the water flow, and diversion devices should be set up if necessary.
(4) The ventilation pipe and overflow pipe should be equipped with an insect-proof net cover, and it is strictly forbidden to connect the ventilation pipe with the ventilation pipe and air duct of the drainage system.
(5) The overflow pipe and discharge pipe shall not be directly connected to the drainage system. 0.2m air partition.