Fruit tree fertilization can effectively improve the growth and development of fruit trees and increase the yield of fruit trees, especially before flowering, which is a critical period for fruit tree fertilization.
So why should fruit trees be fertilized before flowering, how should they be fertilized, and what are the precautions?
I. Causes of pre-flower fertilization
This is determined by the growth characteristics of the fruit tree. In the early stage of fruit trees, flowering, fruit setting, long branches, and long leaves are all used to store nutrients. When there are too many flowers on the tree, the flowering and fruit setting will almost use up the stored nutrients, the tree will return to green slowly, and the leaves that grow are small, because the long branches and leaves are used to store nutrients, because the storage nutrients are less after flowering, and the new shoots of the whole tree stop growing early, there are no long strips on the tree, and the number of leaves of the whole tree is relatively small. The small number of leaves and the small number of leaves, the small leaf area, and the small photosynthetic products, which is not conducive to the growth of fruits and the storage of nutrients to become flowers, and it is easy to drop flowers and fruits.
The slow return of green on the tree after flowering is not conducive to the division of young fruit cells within 40 days after flowering, and affects the growth of fruit in the later stage, because the cells of an apple are dividing rapidly every day for 40 days after flowering, and the cells will no longer divide after 40 days, and the number of cells will no longer increase, but each cell will continue to grow. The number of apple cells in 40 days, the speed of division, and the number of flower buds on the tree, and the amount of nutrients stored after flowering, have a lot to do with it.
Practice has proved that where the "half tree flower", the tree is green leaves and white flowers when the flowers open, because it is the "half tree flower" consumes less stored nutrients, and there are leaves on the tree when the flowers bloom, and the leaves have the ability to synthesize nutrients after the leaves are green and bright, and the storage nutrients consumed by the flowering are supplemented and returned to green quickly, which is also conducive to the division of young fruit cells 40 days after flowering. Because the leaves "work" early after flowering, it is also conducive to the early growth of new shoots. It can also reduce the nutrient transition period and shorten the "green and yellow" time.
The use of pre-flowering fertilizer can make the spring shoots grow for a long time, the leaves are large, the leaves are many, the fruit grows, the flower buds are differentiated, and the foundation is laid.
Second, apply water-soluble fertilizer before flowering
Top dressing should chase water-soluble fertilizer and full nutrition: water-soluble fertilizer root system will go to the tree a few hours after absorption, the leaf function is strong after leaf absorption, and more nutrients will be synthesized immediately, supplying the growth of various organs of the fruit tree, for the division of young fruit cells after flowering, for leaf growth, for spring shoot growth, the effect is obvious.
Moreover, the top dressing before flowering must be full nutrition, because zinc deficiency leaflets are difficult to become flowers, iron deficiency leaves are yellowing, and the lack of any kind of trace elements will affect the growth of new shoots, flowers and fruit growth.
If the soil nitrogen content is too high, it will inhibit the absorption of other elements by the roots, and the fruit trees have more calcium deficiency black spots, more lobular diseases, more rot diseases, and the same potassium supplementation in the later stage, and the effect is not obvious. More nitrogen will also cause the tree to grow vigorously, there are many long strips on the tree, and the autumn shoots are long, the tree is weak and vigorous, and it is not frost resistant and drought resistant. Because of the long autumn shoots, it is difficult for 2-year-old branches to become flowers, because buds and 2-year-old branches cannot grow twigs.
3. Attention should be paid to the application of pre-flowering fertilizer
According to the strength of the tree and the number of flower buds, the top dressing should be reasonable. All the trees are full of flowers are weak, and the amount of top dressing before flowering is large, because there are many people and less rice, they can't eat enough, and the effect is not good. And when the full tree flowers bloom, there are few leaves on the tree, only when the new shoots grow out of the leaves, the fertilizer chased before the flower can be immediately connected to the force, as soon as possible "work" more synthetic nutrition, for the fruit to grow and flower, more nutrients are stored.
Wang tree because of the "half tree flower" flowering consumption storage nutrients less, large leaves, good tree momentum, more leaves, as long as the fruit is reasonably retained, top dressing is less, the fruit can also grow. However, because the leaves of weak trees are small and the leaves are few, only by increasing the number of top dressing, improving the leaf function, and synthesizing nutrients from the top of one leaf and two leaves, can the fruit grow and become flowers year after year.