Teng Daiyuan was a proletarian revolutionary of the older generation on the mainland and the founder of the railway industry in New China.
Photo: Teng Daiyuan
When he was in the Central Soviet District, he took part in many anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaigns.
Since July 1, 1933, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission has issued relevant instructions, ordering the Red Third Army Corps to be dominated by Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan.
As one of the founders of the Red Army, Teng Daiyuan was both civil and military. In the early days of the Communist Party, great importance was attached to the building of ideology and party organizations.
Since July 1934, when Teng Dai went to Moscow to attend the Seventh Congress of the Communist International, he has systematically studied military theory.
In February 1937, Teng Daiyuan returned to Yan'an and served as the chief of military staff of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.
For the military operations he commanded, he was highly praised by Chairman Mao.
Why did Teng Daiyuan, who was once on an equal footing with Mr. Peng, not have him when he was conferred the title?
Photo: Teng Daiyuan
Do whatever the party tells you to do
On November 2, 1904, Teng Daiyuan was born in Tortoiseshell Village, Mayang, Hunan, and was of Miao nationality.
His pseudonyms include Tang Dayuan and Li Guang.
Since Teng Daiyuan graduated from the First Higher Primary School, he has gone to the workshop.
After half a year of study, he returned to his hometown to work as a primary school teacher.
In 1923, Teng Daiyuan was admitted to the Hunan Provincial Second Normal School.
During his school years, he was influenced by his classmate Teng Daisheng and embarked on the revolutionary road.
In October 1924, Teng Dai joined the regiment. In November of the following year, he became a member of the Communist Party.
Photo: Teng Daiyuan
Teng Daiyuan, who was studying during his studies, can be described as excellent in character and learning.
Not only did he excel in his grades, but he was also the president of the student council. Later, he also became the head of the organization department of the school's student union, the head of the organization of the student union, and the director of general affairs.
In April 1926, Teng Daiyuan was expelled from the school because he supported the school's students and asked the school to transfer progressive teachers.
It is known as the "Second Division Tragedy" in history.
Later, the party organization introduced Teng Dai to Changsha and served as the secretary of the Youth League and County Party Committee in Pingjiang County.
Three months later, he became a special commissioner for the peasant movement in the suburbs of Changsha.
So, Teng Daiyuan and his comrades-in-arms came to Changsha and secretly recruited party members under the cover of teaching.
Since the establishment of the Changsha Suburban Committee of the Communist Party of China, Teng Daiyuan has served as the secretary of the district party committee.
On December 1, 1926, the first peasant congress of Hunan Province was held in Changsha.
Chairman Mao, in his capacity as director of the Peasant Movement Committee of the CPC Central Committee, made two important speeches. Teng Daiyuan attended the meeting in his capacity as an executive member of the Provincial Farmers' Association.
During the meeting, Chairman Mao raised the central issue of the national revolution, that is, the peasant question.
"Without the participation and advocacy of farmers, it will not be successful. ”
Chairman Mao
After the meeting, Teng Daiyuan accompanied Chairman Mao to inspect the peasant movement in Changsha. It was also at this time that Teng Daiyuan had a deeper understanding of the many problems that had arisen in the peasant movement.
Later, he began to train the backbone of the peasant movement and also set up peasant self-defense forces.
Under Teng Daiyuan's development, the peasant movement in the suburbs of Changsha developed rapidly, and Peng Gongda, secretary of the provincial party committee, praised him as a "peasant leader".
In May 1927, Xu Kexiang of Changsha launched the Ma-Ri Incident, which plunged Changsha into a white terror.
On June 22, Teng Daiyuan sent someone to inform the backbone forces of Changsha to participate in the revenge meeting.
Teng Daiyuan organized a revenge brigade, and he served as the captain, specializing in killing local tyrants and inferior gentry and persecuting enemies of the Communists, and avenging the martyrs.
For Teng Daiyuan's behavior, the enemy can be said to hate it to the core, and they publicly released 2,000 oceans and offered a reward for Teng Daiyuan's capture.
Fortunately, with his ingenuity and the relationship with the people, he has turned danger into disaster again and again.
In May 1930, Teng Daiyuan attended a conference in Shanghai.
At that time, the Party Central Committee demanded the formation of the Red 3rd Army Corps on the basis of the Red 5th Army, the Red 6th Army and the Red 8th Army. Teng Daiyuan returned to the base area in the shortest possible time and completed the task of forming the 3rd Red Army.
After that, Peng Dehuai served as the commander of the corps, and Teng Daiyuan served as the political commissar.
From 1944 to 1945, Teng Daiyuan, Deng Xiaoping, and other leaders of the Northern Bureau and former general leaders carefully deployed and carefully guided a series of major military activities such as the strategic detachment opening up northern Henan, advancing into western Henan, expanding eastern Henan, and moving eastward to Hebei, Shandong, and Henan.
Photo: Peng Dehuai
After the establishment of the Red 3rd Army Corps, it first conquered cities in Hubei. After the enemy mobilized forces to strengthen the defense of Wuhan, Peng Zong and Teng Daiyuan moved south and captured Yuezhou on July 3, 1950.
Subsequently, Teng Daiyuan led the Red 8th Army to stay in Changsha and rescued a number of outstanding party cadres.
After the Red Army withdrew from Changsha, it joined up with the Red 1st Army Corps commanded by Chairman Mao and Zhu De. After that, the Red Army was formally established, and Teng Daiyuan served as the deputy general political commissar of the Red Army.
Seven battles and seven victories
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were plunged into wars and intertwined and intricate struggles.
In October 1968, Teng Daiyuan wrote in the manuscript of "Memoirs": "The negotiations broke down, and I was ordered to return to the Huaiyin Central Plains Military Region first and rest for about 10 days. Comrade Su Yu and I went to the Fifth Branch of Kang Da sponsored by them to have a look, and later joined their operational command. ”
On June 30, 1946, after negotiations failed, Teng Daiyuan was ordered by the Central Military Commission to return from Nanjing to Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan Military Region to serve as deputy commander.
At 21 o'clock on the evening of July 13, the battles of Xuanjiabao and Taixing began.
After some fighting, our army annihilated the enemy at Xuanjiabao in the early morning of the 15th.
In this battle, a total of more than 3,000 people were annihilated in 2 regiments and 2 battalions of the 83rd Division of the Kuomintang.
Among them, Zhong Xiongfei, the commander of the 56th Regiment, was captured, and 12 mountain guns, 10 rocket artillery, 20 mortars, and 200 light and heavy machine guns were also captured.
It was the first victory of the Soviet-Chinese campaign.
On the evening of July 18, the battle of Runan began, which was the second battle of the Soviet-Chinese campaign.
After two days of fighting on the 19th and 20th, Lieutenant General Wang Tiehan, commander of the enemy's reorganized 49th Division, fled with his guards, and his division headquarters and 26th Brigade were completely annihilated by our troops.
From July 30 to August 3, it was the defensive battle of the Huaihai Movement.
The enemy used 6 brigades to attack Huai'an from Rugao and Jiangyan. With good fortifications and less than 2 regiments, the 7th Column resisted the attack of more than 50,000 enemies in 4 days.
In this battle, the enemy suffered more than 3,000 casualties, and our army suffered more than 200 casualties, with a ratio of 15:1.
From July 13 to August 27, 1946, under the leadership and support of Chairman Mao and the Central Military Commission, Teng Daiyuan assisted and commanded the Central China Field Army to fight on the inner line of the Soviet-Chinese base area.
It not only created the first record of destroying 53,000 enemies, but also played the divine power of the People's Liberation Army.
Photo: Teng Daiyuan
For various reasons, Teng Daiyuan only participated in the command of the first three campaigns.
commanded, and he returned to the headquarters of the Second Field Army in Dingtao, Shandong. After that, he participated in the command of the Battle of Dingtao.
After the autumn harvest in 1946, Teng Daiyuan and Deng Xiaoping returned to Yetao Town, Wu'an, Hebei Province, and took up the post of deputy commander of the Shanxi-Chahar-Lu-Henan Military Region, in charge of the military work of the military region.
In November 1948, Teng Daiyuan received a telegram from the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, asking him to establish the "Railway Department of the Chinese Revolutionary Military Committee" in Shijiazhuang on the basis of the Ministry of Communications of the North China People's Government.
In order to ensure the opening of the railway as soon as possible, Teng Daiyuan was appointed minister and party secretary, and accelerated the emergency repair of the railway to ensure the opening of traffic.
Teng Daiyuan was also the first person in our army to be transferred to economic work.
On January 10, 1949, Teng Daiyuan officially received the appointment order and served as the Minister of Railways of the Military Commission.
In March of this year, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Xibaipo, and Chairman Mao said in the report:
Winning a national victory is only the first step in a long march of 10,000 miles. China's revolution was great, but the road after the revolution was longer, the work was greater, and it was more arduous. This point must be made clear to the party, and the comrades must continue to maintain a modest, cautious, not arrogant, and not rash style of work, and must continue to maintain the style of hard struggle.
After listening to Chairman Mao's report, Teng Daiyuan said: I am willing to do railway work for a lifetime.
Three strict
After Teng Daiyuan first became the Minister of Railways, he often traveled in an unconventional car.
The car was always broken, and it almost affected Teng Daiyuan's work.
The driver repeatedly asked him to change to a better car, but he always disagreed.
At one time, the deputy head of the General Office bought two cars in Tianjin.
After Teng Daiyuan found out, he made it clear that "only the vice premier can sit in this kind of car, and we can't use it if we buy it, so return it quickly."
Because the return was late, the car had to be bought.
But Tengdai was far from sitting, so he could only park in the garage.
Photo: Teng Daiyuan
But the car was left unused for a long time, the battery was dead, and other places were damaged.
Later, several new ministers were promoted, and the ministry did not have a special car, so it could only use two cars in the garage.
However, Teng Daiyuan still said that he would not sit, and he asked Comrade Lu Zhengcao to do it.
Lu Zhengcao, who was the vice minister of the Ministry of Railways at the time, also said that he would not sit.
Later, under the persuasion of his subordinates many times, Teng Daiyuan finally agreed to take it.
In addition to having strict standards for his own use of cars, he also has rules for his family and subordinates.
For example, family members are not allowed to use the car, and guests who come to visit him will take whoever comes to take the car, and those who do not take the car will not be sent back.
Once, Minister Teng went to the Shenyang Railway Bureau to inspect.
He visited a driving apartment and found it very dark.
Teng Daiyuan asked the apartment administrator: "How often do you wash your quilts?"
The reply I got said that it was washed once a month.
He continued, "Are there lice in the quilt?"
The caretaker immediately rummaged through the quilt and found a large lice. Teng Daiyuan also saw it, the quilt was very dark.
He immediately said to the head of the sub-bureau and the apartment administrator:
You are limited to paint the walls white within a week, and then change the light bulbs to bright ones, so that the flight attendants can read books and newspapers. The quilts used by the crew should be changed and washed immediately, and the crew must rest well, drive well, and better serve the people.
A week later, Teng Daiyuan went to the driving apartment to inspect and found that everything was brand new. He was very satisfied with this.
Teng Daiyuan said to the director of the sub-bureau and the administrator: "When I came last time, I had a bad attitude, and I ask for your forgiveness." ”
Minister Teng is not only strict with himself and his work, but also with his family.
After his third son, Teng Jiuming, graduated, he was assigned to a certain unit as a company commander.
Teng Daiyuan believes that students who have just graduated are not suitable for becoming officials. He asked his son to go back and report to the leader, first go to inherit the soldier for a few years, and then consider whether he can be a company commander later.
After Teng Jiuming went back, he immediately made a report to the leader. Later, he was platoon to a grassroots unit in Jinxian County, Liaoning. A year later, he was promoted to company commander.
In addition, Teng Daiyuan's fourth son, Teng Jiugeng, is also very good.
He worked as a cook in the company for more than two years, and was rated as a "Five Good Soldier" every year.
On August 10, 1970, while performing official duties, Teng Jiugeng unfortunately fell down the hillside and was seriously injured.
Photo: Teng Daiyuan and his family
At that time, Teng Daiyuan was recuperating, and his wife was not in good health.
Teng Jiugeng's unit called the family and said they could visit. Teng Daiyuan's guards thought about it and told Teng Daiyuan about it.
Teng Daiyuan instructed the guards to let him visit the troops on behalf of himself and his wife, and put forward two opinions.
If Teng Jiugeng died, don't ask for anything, and the funeral will be arranged by the troops. If possible, ask the troops to do everything they can to save it.
As an old revolutionary, when his son was dying, he still thought of the interests of the party and the country.
End
If it weren't for Teng Daiyuan, who was transferred to the Minister of Railways before the founding of New China, and who had been on an equal footing with President Peng and had led many victories, he would definitely have been awarded the title.
It's just that he has been practicing the purpose of doing whatever the party tells him to do all his life, and he has no self in his heart, only the interests of the party, the country, and the people.
On the evening of November 30, 1974, Teng Daiyuan's wife came to the hospital with the children, and Teng Daiyuan was dying at this time.
When he saw his relatives coming to his side, he could only snort, as if he wanted to say something, but he couldn't say anything.
When the relatives saw him gesturing with his hands, they hurriedly put the pen and paper in his hands.
Teng Daiyuan trembled his hands and slowly wrote the word "service" on the paper.
The relatives immediately understood what he meant, and the youngest son, Teng Jiuxin, said softly: "You let us take over your 'baton' and persist in serving the people! We will do this, Dad, don't worry!"
Teng Daiyuan nodded knowingly, tears streaming from the corners of his eyes.
At 9:15 a.m. the next day, Teng Daiyuan died in the hospital.
Although Teng Lao has passed away, his dedication to serving the party, the country, and the people has already influenced generation after generation.
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