Today, the function of the workers' congress has ceased to exist in name only, and the organization, which originally represented the interests of the broad masses of the working class, is now only an accessory to enterprise management. Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, the status of the working class is constantly declining, and the role of the workers' congress is weakening day by day. This has a great deal to do with the mainland's gradual liberalization of the labor market and the implementation of market-oriented reforms.
The reason for the weakening of the function of the staff congress
Since the beginning of reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place in labor relations on the mainland. With the establishment of the socialist market economy and the restructuring of enterprises into joint-stock companies, the status of the workers' congress has become lower and lower. There are several reasons for this:
First, the reform of state-owned enterprises has weakened the function of workers' congresses. Since the reform and opening up, a large number of state-owned enterprises have been restructured into joint-stock companies, and the managerial responsibility system under the leadership of the board of directors has been implemented, and the workers' congress has gradually become a subsidiary body of enterprise management. The board of directors and managers become the decision-making center of the enterprise, and the employee representative will be marginalized.
Second, the private sector has not established workers' congresses. Reform and opening up has promoted the rise of the non-public economy, and a large number of private enterprises have come into being. However, private enterprises generally do not set up workers' congresses, and it is difficult for workers to enjoy collective deliberation rights. This weakens the overall role of workers' congresses in protecting workers' rights.
Third, trade unions are weakened and unable to effectively supervise enterprises. With the reform of state-owned enterprises, many trade union organizations have lost their sources of funding and their organizational existence has weakened. In private enterprises, it is even more difficult to establish trade unions. Weakened trade union organizations can hardly effectively play the function of democratic management and supervision of production and operation, nor can they maintain the authority of the workers' congress.
Fourth, the marketization of labor-management relations has changed the nature of workers' congresses. During the period of the planned economy, the workers' congress had a certain binding force on the operation of enterprises. After the reform and opening up, the labor marketization has allowed employers and employees to be in an equal and voluntary labor contract relationship, and the supervisory role of the workers' congress has been weakened.
Fifth, the law stipulates that the status of the workers' congress is unclear. The Regulations on the Workers' Congress give the workers' congress extensive supervisory powers, but the supervision mechanism is not sound and the actual effect is limited. The Company Law does not clearly stipulate the legal status of the Workers' Congress, which has led to the marginalization of the Workers' Congress in corporate governance.
As a result of all these factors, the status of the workers' congress has been declining, and it has become difficult to effectively play its role in safeguarding the interests of workers, and the original working-class organizations have been reduced to subordinate organs of enterprise management departments.
The performance of the weakened function of the workers' congress
Under the conditions of market economy, the function of the workers' congress is weakening day by day, which is mainly manifested in:
1. The content of the proceedings is stylized, and there is a lack of right to speak in major decisions
In many enterprises, workers' congresses are mere formalities, with simple agendas and short durations. The power to make major business decisions is still in the hands of the top management of the enterprise, and the workers' congress is unable to supervise the development strategy and business policies of the enterprise, and there is seldom discussion on the decision-making that involves the vital interests of the employees.
2. Supervision is weak, and there is a gap in the protection of employees' rights and interests
It stands to reason that the workers' congress should supervise the financial and labor safety of enterprises, but in reality, there is often formalism in supervision, and there is a lack of restraint on enterprises' violations of laws and regulations. At the same time, when enterprises carry out reforms such as restructuring and restructuring, there is a lack of effective expression and protection of employees' rights and interests.
3. The representatives are not democratic and cannot represent the will of the employees
In some enterprises, there are problems such as irregular procedures and labor-management conspiracy in the election of representatives to workers' congresses, and the structure of representatives is unreasonable, which cannot fully reflect the wishes of the majority of employees. There is also a lack of effective response from the deputies to the workers, and the workers' congress has been reduced to an empty shell of democratic institutions.
4. In the end, it is difficult to implement the effect of deliberations, and the benefits of employees are limited
Even if the workers' congress passes certain bills, in the process of implementation, the enterprise side often turns a deaf ear and passes the buck, and cannot form actual constraints. Bills that materially involve the interests of employees ultimately fail, and the actual benefits obtained by employees are limited.
Suggestions for improving the functions of the workers' congress and safeguarding the rights and interests of employees
In the face of the reality of the weakening of the function of the workers' congress, we need to start from the following aspects, improve the system of the workers' congress, and truly play its role in safeguarding the rights and interests of employees:
1. Clarify the legal status of the workers' congress and give it decision-making power. Relevant laws should be amended to clearly stipulate the legal status of workers' congresses, and give them the right to make decisions in major corporate decisions, so that they can become an important subject of corporate governance, rather than a marginal subsidiary body.
2. Improve the supervision mechanism of the workers' congress to prevent false democracy. Improve the supervisory powers and supervision processes of the workers' congress, improve the special supervision body, and hire professionals to conduct audit supervision. We should give full play to the role of supervising the operation of enterprises and prevent false democratic formalism.
3. Standardize the procedures for the selection of deputies and establish a negative responsibility system. It is necessary to standardize the procedures for selecting deputies and ensure the attributes and representativeness of deputies. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a reporting system for the representatives of the workers' congress, accept the supervision of the workers, and form a system of responsibility.
4. Strengthen the role of trade unions and maintain the status of collective bargaining. It is necessary to strengthen and transform trade union organizations and give play to the role of trade unions as a bridge in safeguarding the rights and interests of workers and workers. It also attaches importance to the status of collective bargaining in labor-management relations, and prevents unilateral marketization of labor relations.
5. Expand the scope of application of the workers' congress to protect the rights and interests of employees of private enterprises. It is necessary to promote the establishment and improvement of the workers' congress system in non-public enterprises, including private enterprises, so that more workers can enjoy democratic rights. Gradually expand the coverage of the workers' congress system and protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees of all types of enterprises.
The workers' congress is of special significance in socialist countries and is one of the important ways to realize the democratic management of enterprises.
In the face of all kinds of challenges, we must take effective measures to improve and strengthen the workers' congress system, so that it can not only play the role of the workers and workers as masters in the democratic management of enterprises, but also continue to play an important role as the agents of the owners of state-owned assets, and earnestly protect the democratic rights and economic interests of the broad masses of workers, so as to better reflect the superiority of the socialist system.
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