The founding Taizu is the Indian version of Wu Song, who successfully resisted the Delhi Sultan, how strong is the Tiger Hero Country militarily?
The following article comes from the Cold Weapons Research Institute, and the author is a team of authors
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Legend has it that a young man named "Sara" in the jungles of the Western Ghats of India killed a tiger and saved a Jain guru from the tiger's mouth, and later the boy's clan and dynasty were called "Hoysala" in the local language. The state, founded by the Indian version of Vu Song, became the only indigenous Indian dynasty to resist the Sultan of Delhi in the 14th century. So what is so special about this dynasty?
The rise of the Hosara people came at a time when South India was in the midst of a war between the ancient and powerful South Indian kingdoms of the Sija Dynasty, with the wild boar as the totem, the Chola Dynasty, with the Tiger as the symbol, and the Pandya Dynasty with the Pisces as the banner. As an unknown hill tribe, the Hosara people first sided with the Sizaru dynasty against the Chola dynasty.
The tribal chiefs started from the border chieftains of the Chalouqi, gradually amassed strength, first seized land from the Chola Dynasty, and then got rid of the control of the old master Zalouqi Dynasty, and then the Hosara Dynasty conquered the east and west, defeated the Pandia and other kingdoms, and once established its own power in South India in the 13th century.
Even in the wave of the southern expedition of the Delhi Sultan in 1336, the South Indian kingdoms such as Pandya and Kakatiya were invincible, and only the Hosara dynasty became the only Indian indigenous dynasty that successfully resisted, and held out until the time of the Vijayanagar Empire in South India.
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The territory of the Hosara dynasty at its height
▲The symbol of the Hosara Dynasty - the Sara Tiger Sculpture
▲The temple of Hosara with complex art
The writers of the dynasty used warrior literature day and night to praise those who served the country or even sacrificed their lives in the service of the country or society, and the society regarded bravery and loyalty to the people as the highest level of social morality - some samurai would form their own associations to be loyal to their chosen targets, and when the owner of the society's allegiance died or died in battle, all the warriors of the society had to die to fulfill their last loyalty.
For many, war is not only a brutal battle, but also a challenging undertaking steeped in warrior traditions, and countless commemorative "Garuda Stones" have been erected to honor the warriors who died on the battlefield or in the service with carvings and inscriptions.
The Hosara dynasty had a large army, and at the end of the 12th century, the Yadava dynasty, the rivals of Hossala alone, claimed to have 210,000 horsemen. The murals and carvings of Hosara depict infantry in battle. The infantry seemed to occupy the central position of the formation and was covered by cavalry. The infantry consisted of spearmen, spearmen, and swordsmen, presenting large arrays, as well as hordes of archers. The infantry offensive was carried out by continuous charges, accompanied by some scattered actions.
▲ Hosara's spear and sword and shield soldiers
▲The infantry battle scene on the relief of Hosara
Swords are very common in combat and come in a variety of shapes, varying in length and width, some are broad and short, with a two-edged tip tapered or rounded, sometimes leaf-like, and others long and flat, with a more or less sharp tip. Some infantry knives have an almost straight, elongated, sharp blade, while others have curved blades whose ends sometimes unfold into a machete-like shape. The spearmen seemed to use a bamboo spear about two meters long with blades like iron blades, and the infantry often carried a small spear or javelin about one meter long, which could be both thrown and stabbed.
▲ Different shapes of Hosara swords
Swordsmen and pikemen, as well as some cavalrymen, carried shields, which were divided into round shields and long shields. The round shield is more or less decorated on its convex surface with a band or trim that wraps around the edges, or a ring, or a lotus flower whose corolla blooms in a stylized form, sometimes with a yak tail fixed in the middle.
The elongated shield is rectangular or polygonal, flat or curved, and is decorated with simple geometric patterns.
The shield of Hosara is very lightweight, made of willow wood or bamboo, and covered with buffalo or rhinoceros skin. The diameter of the cavalry shield is about 0.5 meters, while the infantry shield can reach more than 1 meter.
Bows and arrows were the most common weapons in Hosara dynasty artifacts, and were used by infantry and war elephant riders. The Hosara dynasty does not seem to have had compound bows, but rather generally used monolithic bows made of a single piece of wood (probably bamboo), which varied in size and size, with some feet comparable to an adult, possibly 1.5-1.8 meters, and the smallest seemingly no more than 1 meter. Arrows are made of bamboo, reed poles, and arrows usually resemble iron leaves. The quiver was tied to the archer's right shoulder by means of a strap that went around the chest and shoulder, making it easy to pick up the arrow from the shoulder.
▲ Hosara sword shield and archer
As India's medieval army, the status of war elephants speaks for itself. The main advantage of the elephant is its size and fear of enemies. Many scenes depict elephants tearing apart infantry and holding back cavalry by virtue of their size. In an inscription on the conquest of Chola, the king proudly declared that the formation of the royal elephant army was "as vast as the sea."
In addition to carrying archers and spearmen on sedan chairs, the elephants themselves were draped in thick fabric blankets for greater defense, and were inlaid with ornate jewels, diamonds, and bells to show the prestige of their owners.
▲ Hosala's heavy war elephant
▲ The war elephant of Hosara in the war
▲ The war elephant of Hosara in battle
Cavalry was equally important in the Hosara army, and the Hosara dynasty introduced stallions from Arab merchants and crossed them with native horse breeds to produce a relatively short and robust South Indian war horse with the characteristics of an Arabian horse, which was used by the local cavalry for training and conquest.
However, the harness of the Hosara people of South India was not advanced compared to other civilizations in the Old World, and before the 13th century they only used a blanket covering the horse's back as a saddle, which was prevented from sliding backwards by a chest strap and backwards by a horizontal strap that crossed the horse's hips, and there was no hard saddle for cavalry combat. It's just that the Hosara people introduced stirrups and shoes in time, so that the cavalry equipment was not too outdated.
In some depictions, the Hosara used a whole coat made of fabric or leather to protect the body of the horse and even the legs of the cavalry, but this "South Indian hoplite" lacked protection for the horse's head and neck, and could only provide some defense against the horse's belly during battle, or became a ritual item for the noble cavalry in the parade through the elaborate decorations on it.
▲ Hosara heavy cavalry
Regarding the method of combat, in many of the Hosara reliefs, there are some knights who charge through the air, wielding their swords with the tip pointing forward, or holding spears parallel to the horse's back, surging forward, and there are also some reliefs showing the cavalry wielding their blades, charging and colliding with each other, or chasing each other, or storming the cavalry of the infantry, showing the widespread use of the Hosara cavalry during this period.
▲ Hosara cavalry
There are many types of spears used by the Hosara cavalry, who held their spears at an oblique angle while riding, with the tip pointing down or up, or in a horizontal position or at rest in battle. Some cavalry teams are equipped with short spears of about 1.5 meters, while others are equipped with cavalry spears of 2~2.5 meters, in the relief, the spear riders use their weapons for both melee combat and throwing, and there are also very few cavalry who use spears of about 4 meters to fight. In the relief, the spear riders use their weapons both for melee combat and for projection.
Cavalry also tended to hang a sword in the saddle in order to attack the enemy as it passed near them. As for the mounted archers, they seem to have been rarely used by the Hosara army. Of all the excavated artifacts, historians have found only five depictions of mounted archers who carried quivers on their backs like infantrymen, rather than tying them to the saddle. The South Indians did not seem to realize that mounted archery units were testing and weakening the enemy's value on the battlefield by alternating attacks and retreats, using a constant rain of arrows. And during the same period, the Indian cavalry in the north had already deeply understood this.
Through contact with northern India, the Hosara also introduced a new animal, the camel, but the camel only appeared as a drummer's mount in a marching band. The camels are harnessed by a simple bridle attached to a head rope or a loop that passes through the jaw, wearing ornamental collars and leg loops, and drums are placed on either side of the camel's hump.
Perhaps the greatest improvement in the Hosara army was in the field of cavalry, as the first and most widespread use of stirrups in the South Indian states and the introduction of horseshoes allowed the Hosara riders to launch melee attacks and even long-weapon charges more effectively, the Hosara cavalry, which used spears and swords, was called the main force in battle, and the king of Hosara also put more attention to horses rather than elephants in administrative inscriptions, an improvement that seems to mark a turning point in the military history of South India.
However, the greatest deficiency of the Hosara army was the lack of armor, and due to the hot weather in South India, neither the noble warriors nor the soldiers wore any hard or soft armor in the reliefs. Other military equipment, such as crossbows and siege weapons, combined with the level of city defense in medieval India during the same period, suggests that siege and fortification techniques may have fallen into a state of stagnation for a long time.
References:
Jean Deloche:《Military techniques in the kingdoms of Dekkan at the time of the Hoysaḷa (12th-13th century)》
Chopra, Ravindran, P.N. Subrahmanian：《History of South India (Ancient, Medieval and Modern) 》
Nilakanta Sastri, K.A：《A History of South India, From Prehistoric times to fall of Vijayanaga
(This article only represents the author's point of view and does not represent the position of this number)
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174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-theme=dark],body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-theme=dark]{--appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc)body:not(.pages_skin_pc){background:#191919; background:var(--weui-BG-2)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-mode=care]:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-mode=care]:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .85);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .65);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .55);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .35);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-BRAND: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .. 5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-FIRE: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px) and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){-appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){body:not([data-weui-theme=light]).my_comment_empty_data{ background-color:#111}}body,.wx-root{--weui-BG-6: rgba(0, 0, 0, .. 05);--weui-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}body,.wx-root{--weui-FG-1: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-REDORANGE: #ff6146;--weui-BG-0: #ededed;--weui-BG-1: #f7f7f7;--weui-BG-2: #fff;--weui-BG-3: #f7f7f7;--weui-BG-4: #4c4c4c;--weui-BG-5: #fff;--weui-FG-0: rgba(0, 0, 0, .9);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(0, 0, 0, .9);--weui-FG-1: rgba(0, 0, 0, .55);--weui-FG-2: rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(0, 0, 0, .4 15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-YELLOW: #ffc300;--weui-GREEN: #91d300;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #95ec69;--weui-FIRE: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1485ee;--weui-PURPLE: #6467f0;--weui-WHITE: #fff;--weui-LINK: #576b95;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #06ae56;--weui-FG: #000;--weui-BG: #fff;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: #06ae56;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}body,.wx-root{--weui-BG-0: #ededed;--weui-BG-1: #f7f7f7;--weui-BG-2: #fff;--weui-BG-3: #f7f7f7;--weui-BG-4: #4c4c4c;--weui-BG-5: #fff;--weui-FG-0: rgba(0, 0, 0, .9);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(0, 0, 0, .9);--weui-FG-1: rgba(0, 0, 0, .55);--weui-FG-2: rgba(0, 0, 0, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(0, 0, 0, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-YELLOW: #ffc300;--weui-GREEN: #91d300;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #95ec69;--weui-FIRE: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1485ee;--weui-PURPLE: #6467f0;--weui-WHITE: #fff;--weui-LINK: #576b95;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #06ae56;--weui-FG: #000;--weui-BG: #fff;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: #fa9d3b;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: #06ae56;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .05)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BTN-DEFAULT-ACTIVE-BG: #e6e6e6}.wx-root,body{--weui-DIALOG-LINE-COLOR: rgba(0, 0, 0, .1)}.wx-root,body{--weui-BG-COLOR-ACTIVE: #ececec}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body: not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BTN-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(255, 255, 255, ..1)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BTN-DEFAULT-ACTIVE-BG: rgba(255, 255, 255, .126)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-DIALOG-LINE-COLOR: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--APPMSGCARD-BG: #1E1E1E}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--APPMSGCARD-LINE-BG: rgba(255, 255, 255, .07)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-COLOR-ACTIVE: #373737}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([ data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-6: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(255, 255, 255, ..1);-weui-ACTIVE-MASK: rgba(255, 255, 255, ..1)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-REDORANGE: #ff6146;--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;--weui-FIRE: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .. 6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--discussInput-BG: rgba(255, 255, 255, .03)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--nickName-FG: #959595}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: #3eb575;;--weui-FIRE: #07c160;--weui-BLUE: #10aeff;--weui-INDIGO: #1196ff;--weui-PURPLE: #8183ff;--weui-WHITE: rgba(255, 255, 255, .8);--weui-LINK: #7d90a9;--weui-TEXTGREEN: #259c5c;--weui-FG: #fff;--weui-BG: #000;--weui-TAG-TEXT-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-RED: rgba(250, 81, 81, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-ORANGE: rgba(250, 157, 59, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .. 6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-GREEN: rgba(6, 174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){.wx-root:not([data-weui-theme=light]),body:not([data-weui-theme=light]){-appmsgExtra-BG: #121212}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) :root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}}:root{--articleFontsize: 17px}:root{--sab: env(safe-area-input-bottom)}:root{--wxBorderAvatarRatio: 3}:root{--discussPageGap: 20px}:root{--appmsgPageGap: 20px;--appmsgPageBottomGap: 40px}
div.autoTypeSetting24psection > p,div.autoTypeSetting24psection > section{margin-bottom: 24px;}