Emperor Mingshen Zhu Yijun, also known as the Wanli Emperor. He reigned for 48 years, making him the longest-reigning emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The early death of his father, Emperor Mingmuzong Zhu Zaiyuan, forced him to ascend to the throne at the age of 10, and the Wanli Emperor not only ushered in the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty, but also let it slide into the abyss. Moreover, he was also the most bizarre emperor in the history of the Ming Dynasty, and he reigned for 48 years, of which 28 years were not discussed in the court.
So today Xiaobian will talk about the legendary life of Zhu Yijun, the Wanli Emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
A brief biography of Zhu Yijun of the Ming Dynasty
Emperor Mingshenzong Zhu Yijun (4 September 1563 – 18 August 1620) was the thirteenth emperor of the Ming Dynasty, the third son of Emperor Mingmuzong Zhu Zaikun, and his biological mother Empress Xiaoding of the Li clan. On March 11, 1568, he was made crown prince and was enthroned in the Eastern Palace. In the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Ming Muzong died, and the 10-year-old Zhu Yijun took the throne, the year name Wanli, reigned for 48 years, was the longest reigning emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Early experience
On August 17, 1563 (September 4, 1563), Zhu Yijun was born in the Yu Dynasty and was the third son of Emperor Mingmuzong Zhu Zaikun. Emperor Mingmuzong had four sons, the eldest son Zhu Yizheng (朱翊釴) and the second son Zhu Yizhao (朱翊钤), both of whom died prematurely. The fourth son, Zhu Yijun, was born to both The Li clan.
Zhu Yijun's grandfather, Emperor Jiajing of Sejong, was superstitious about Taoism in his later years, "secretly talking about the two, and those who involved a word died", so no one dared to report the birth of Zhu Yijun to the Jiajing Emperor, let alone name it. It was not until the tenth day of the first lunar month of the first year of Longqing (1567) that the court minister Shangshu asked to make the crown prince, and on the eighteenth day of the same month, Emperor Ming Muzong gave him the name Zhu Yijun. Ming Muzong said: Giving you the name Jun, means that the Holy King rules the world, just like the instrument of the instrument, which means very great. You should never forget it.
On March 11 of the second year of Longqing (1568), because he became the eldest of his father and son, Zhu Yijun was made crown prince and was in charge of the Eastern Palace. Zhu Yijun's birth mother, Empress Li, was originally a palace official of humble origins, and later her mother was promoted to a noble concubine with a son. The crown prince is the future emperor, and in order to govern the country and the people in the future, he must receive education from an early age, understand the lessons of the past emperors who inherited the industry and govern the country, be familiar with the allusions of the dynasty, and master the skills of controlling the subjects. Although Zhu Yijun was young, he knew this truth very well. Emperor Mingmuzong appointed a group of ministers as instructors to guide him in his studies. Zhu Yijun studied very hard. His mother, Li Shi's godson, was very strict.
When Zhu Yijun was a little slack when he was a child, Empress Li summoned him to kneel in front of him. Every time she encountered a feast, Empress Li ordered the official to give it to her before entering the feast. Whenever he encountered the early dynasty, Wu Geng went to Zhu Yijun's palace and called Zhu Yijun up early. Thanks to the dedicated counseling of the lecturers, the strict discipline of Empress Li, and the hard work of Zhu Yijun herself, Zhu Yijun grew older and more advanced. Later, he himself often said very proudly: "I can read at the age of five." ”
Chong Ling succeeds to the throne
On May 22, the sixth year of Longqing (1572), the news of The Longqing Emperor's critical illness came out of the palace, and on the twenty-fifth day, the cabinet university scholars Gao Gong, Zhang Juzheng, and Gao Yi were summoned into the palace, and Gao Gong and others entered the east room of the palace, and saw the Longqing Emperor sitting on the imperial bed, and behind the curtain sat empress Chen and the imperial concubine Li Shi, and the 10-year-old crown prince Zhu Yijun stood on the right side of the imperial bed, and the Longqing Emperor grabbed Gao Gong's hand and entrusted him with a dangerous orphan, "to make mr. guo tired", and the eunuch Feng Bao, the eunuch of the ceremony, read out the last will and testament to the crown prince Zhu Yijun: "Testament and crown prince." You can't do it, Emperor. One should be the etiquette of the ministry of the title please do. You should be counseled by the three assistant ministers and the celebrant, study and cultivate morality, use the meritocracy to enable, do nothing to be idle, and protect the imperial industry. After the three university scholars were entrusted, they covered their tears.
The next day, the Longqing Emperor collapsed in the Qianqing Palace, and on the tenth day of June, the crown prince Zhu Yijun officially took the throne, and the following year changed the Yuan Wanli calendar.
Cabinet disputes
According to the arrangement of the Longqing Emperor, Gao Gong was the highest ranking among the ministers of the outer court; in the palace, Zhu Yijun naturally relied on Feng Bao, but the relationship between Feng Bao and Gao Gong was very bad, before that, the position of eunuch of Si Li was vacant, and Gao Gong successively recommended Chen Hong and Meng Chong, who was reluctant to let Feng Bao be a palm seal eunuch.
Feng Bao, who knew the book and was very fond of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, was very cultured, so he was very popular with the Longqing Emperor, and Feng Bao took advantage of the power vacuum between the changes of imperial power to easily drive out Meng Chong through a testament Zhu Yijun's profile, and became a palm print eunuch himself.
However, as far as Gao Gong was concerned, Feng Bao was naturally bound to get rid of it quickly, and at the behest of Gao Gong, the engineering departments all gave Cheng Wen, the official Ke all gave Zhongzhong Luo Zun, and Li Ke all gave Lu Shude to Feng Bao, and thus, a political struggle was inevitable, in the struggle, the two sides of the conflict were Feng Bao and Gao Gong, and Zhang Juzheng ostensibly helped Gao Gong, but in fact, Zhang Juzheng and Feng Bao had a very close relationship and had long planned to drive away Gao Gong.
On June 16, the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Feng Bao used gao gong's phrase "ten-year-old prince, how to rule the world" to drive Gao Gong, who had a very high self-esteem and a rough personality, away from the capital, and as soon as Gao Gong left, Gao Yi was also shocked and vomited blood for three days, leaving only Zhang Juzheng among the three cabinet ministers.
Taiyue Auxiliary Government
After Zhang Juzheng became the first assistant to the cabinet, Zhu Yijun entrusted the affairs of the inner court to Feng Bao, "and the big handle was entrusted to Juzheng.". Zhang Juzheng was not only entrusted with heavy responsibilities, but also honored, and he must be called "Mr. Yuanfu Zhang", or "Mr. Zhang", and never called him by his first name. On June 19, the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Zhang Juzheng had just taken office for a few days, and Zhu Yijun summoned him alone on the platform (that is, the back left gate) to discuss the grand plan. Since Emperor Mingmuzong had never summoned a chancellor during his reign, this incident caused a sensation at that time, causing the courtiers to see Zhu Yijun's spirit and determination to inherit the cause and govern the country, and greatly enhanced Zhang Juzheng's prestige.
From thought to action, Zhu Yijun fully supported Zhang Juzheng and worked together to carry out reforms and implement the Wanli New Deal. The main measure of political reform was the "Examination Law" implemented in the first year of the Wanli Calendar (1573). It was put forward in response to bureaucracy and clericalism, and was intended to "respect sovereignty, teach officials, believe in rewards and punishments, and give orders", and improve the efficiency of the imperial court institutions. According to the requirements of the Examination Law, everything must be full-time, and the limits must be completed; supervision at all levels, each responsible for its own responsibilities. The Divine Sect said, "If things don't work out, why do you have the bottom performance?" ”
At that time, because Zhu Yijun was young, he did not fully understand the ancestral system and did not know the stakes. Later, he realized that Zhang Juzheng's power was too great, "almost shocking the lord", which was undoubtedly an important reason. The reform in the economic field is, first, to clear up the whole country's fields and acres; the second is to popularize the "one whip law." In November of the sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1578), Zhu Yijun ordered a pilot project in Fujian Province. By September of the eighth year of the Wanli Calendar (1580), Fujian "Qingzhangtian Grain Affair" was completed.
Zhu Yijun and Zhang Juzheng took advantage of the situation and hit the iron while it was hot, and immediately passed through the whole country. The Ministry of Households was instructed to formulate eight regulations on the scope, duties, policies, methods, fees, and time limits of the Qingzhang, which were issued to all localities in November of the same year. By December of the tenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1582), all provinces had basically completed the three-year period, and the total expenditure had increased by more than 1.4 million hectares. The promotion of the "one-whip law" was another important measure of economic reform at that time. In the ninth year of the Wanli Calendar (1581), a whip law has been "done" throughout the country. This marks that the entire Zhang Juzheng reform has achieved a major victory.
In the first decade of the Wanli Dynasty, with the support of the young Zhu Yijun, Zhang Ju was carrying out drastic political and economic reforms, and the government had a new look and greatly improved the economic situation. In June of the tenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1582), a famous minister Zhang Juzheng died of illness, and Zhu Yijun began to pro-government.
This reform began in the first year of the Wanli Calendar (1573) and basically ended in the tenth year of the Wanli Dynasty (1582). It is the continuation and development of the landlord class's reform and self-help movement since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and it is also a profound reflection of the new changes in political and economic relations in the late Ming Dynasty. Its scope covers political and economic aspects. The concrete steps are to focus on political reform in the first five years and economic reform as the main task in the last five years. The ten years of reform have made great achievements, reversing the decline formed since the Zhengde and Jiajing dynasties.
The Three Signs of Wanli
After Zhu Yijun took power, he presided over the famous "Three Great Marches of the Wanli Calendar". Three large-scale military operations were carried out in the northwestern and southwestern frontiers of the Ming Dynasty, and Korea; namely, Li Rusong (Li Chengliang's eldest son) pacified the Mongol rebellion of the Battle of Ningxia, Li Rusong, magui fought against the invasion of the Japanese Toyotomi Hideyoshi regime, and Li Hualong's Battle of Bozhou, which pacified yang Yinglong, the head of the Miao territory, and consolidated the Territory of the Han family. Later generations have explained that although the armies were victorious, the military expenditure was very expensive. The actual military expenditure of the three major levies was allocated in full by the silver of the inner treasury and the Tai Warehouse, and after the end of the three major levies, the internal treasury and the Tai Warehouse still had silver in storage.
Judging from the Three Great Signs of the Wanli Calendar, Shenzong was by no means a mediocre emperor. Although we can say that he was a great achievement, it should not be forgotten that in his letter to the King of Korea, he always stressed the fact that Korea should strive to protect itself. In fact, the Shinjong Sect seems to be fully aware of its importance for every military operation. Moreover, the full trust in the front-line generals in the course of the war and the resolute removal of the generals who had made mistakes in command showed the boldness of the Divine Sect. Of course, the desolation and lustfulness of the Divine Sect are also undeniable.
But behind all this is the mind of the Myōjin Sect. In the 48 years of imperial court struggle, Shenzong was still meticulous about the government. By the forty-seventh year of the Wanli Calendar, the Ming Shen Sect was extremely ill health, and had no experience, and the desolation of the generals was that the Ming Dynasty had lost a large number of elite soldiers. However, it can be said that although the Myōjin Sect is ostensibly sluggish, in fact, the Wanli Dynasty is busier than any other dynasty. The Ming Dynasty did not die at the Ming Dynasty, that's for sure.
Wanli slackened the government
In November of the fourteenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1586), Zhu Yijun began to indulge in wine, and his body was weak and deteriorating. Therefore, in the middle and late period of Zhu Yijun's reign, he rarely went to the dynasty. His main method of dealing with political affairs was to convey them to the following in the form of edicts.
The handling of major frontier events in the "Three Great Expeditions of the Wanli Calendar" was through the form of edicts, not the form of "summoning the right" that the ministers hoped. After the end of the three major marches, Zhu Yijun seemed even less interested in the ministers' approval of the recital. In the same year, Lu Hongchun, the head of the ceremonial department, played: Zhu Yijun "drank and played music day and night". From the same year onwards, in order to compete for the crown prince, it became a protracted "dispute over the foundation of the country".
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were many parties in the bureaucracy, and the battle for the door was getting bigger and bigger, and they were falling on each other. Donglin Party, Xuan Party, Kun Party, Qi Party, Zhejiang Party, there are many names. At a time when the Donglin party was in an endless struggle, because Emperor Mingshen secretly loved Zhu Changxun, the son of the noble concubine Zheng and the Prince of Fu, insisted that his royal palace Zhuangtian "serve 40,000 hectares" before he was willing to let him out of the capital country, so a seven- or eight-year-long dispute between Fuwang Zhuangtian and The Imperial Court was set off. Just one year after Luoyang, the kingdom of the Fu King, on the fourth day of the first month of May in the forty-third year of the Wanli Calendar (1615), there was another famous attack in the history of the late Ming Dynasty, committed by a man named Zhang Cha in Jizhou, known in history as the "Attack Case".
At first, the crown prince also thought that "there must be a messenger." At that time, Zheng Guifei repeatedly swore to the heavens, knowing that she did not have him. Zhu Yijun saw that the matter involved the Zheng clan, and for many years people had been talking about him not treating the crown prince well, felt that the matter was important, and was afraid of burning himself, so he soon personally designated Zhang Cha as a "crazy adulterer" and ordered that "he should not be innocent and cause injury to Tianhe", and only Zhang Cha and the eunuchs related to him, Pang Bao and Liu Cheng, were executed. On the twenty-eighth day of the same month, on the twenty-eighth day of the same month, he summoned the Minister for the first time in twenty-five years, announced his order, and put the case to a hasty end.
He quarreled with the cabinet over the matter of appointing a prince for more than ten years, and finally simply did not leave the palace for thirty years, ignored the government, did not suburbs, did not temple, did not dynasty, did not see, did not approve, and did not talk.
In the seventeenth year of the Wanli Calendar (1589), Zhu Yijun no longer received courtiers, and the phenomenon of "people being stuck in officials" and "Cao Bureau being empty" appeared in the cabinet. As for the matter of greed for money, Zhu Yijun, after he was pro-government, confiscated the family property of Feng Bao and Zhang Juzheng, and let the eunuch Zhang Cheng move all into the palace and put it under his control. In order to plunder money, he sent eunuchs to serve as mining inspectors and tax collectors, and searched everywhere for the people's wealth.
In the twenty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar (1597), the right deputy capital Yushi Xiejie criticized Zhu Yijun for being absurd in political affairs, and the pro-government government was not as good as before: "Your Majesty is filial to his parents, respects his ancestors, is studious, diligent in government, respects heaven, loves the people, saves expenses, listens to opinions, relatives and sages, and cannot be the same as he was in the beginning." So much so that after the middle of Zhu Yijun's reign, the courtiers who entered the cabinet did not know what the emperor looked like, and although Yu Shenxing, Zhao Zhigao, Zhang Wei, and Shen Yizong, four important ministers of the state, although they were worried about political affairs, they had no choice but to count the length of the sun's shadow to pass the time on duty.
In the forty years of the Wanli Calendar (1612), the imperial history of Nanjing was sparse: "The province of Taiwan is empty, those who are committed to abolishing it, the emperor has lived deeply for more than twenty years, and has never received a minister, and the world is about to fall." Shoufu Ye xianggao said that the emperor could receive King Fu twice a day. In November of the forty-fifth year of the Wanli Calendar (1617), "the ten major officials of the ministry and temple were missing six or seven, and the wind and constitution were heavily empted for several years, and only four people were left in the six sections, and only five people were left in the thirteen provinces." ”
Although after the middle of the Wanli Dynasty, there was no eunuch rebellion, no foreign relatives interfering in politics, and there were no traitors such as Yan Song, and the internal party disputes were also controlled, and Wanli reacted to the Japanese army's attack on Korea, the Jurchen invasion and the attack, saying that although he ignored the general government, he still cared about the major affairs of the country and controlled the situation in a certain way.
After the rise of Gold
In February of the 20th year of the Ming Dynasty (1592), just when Emperor Mingshenzong was living in seclusion in the deep palace, neglecting the government and ignoring everything, the Houjin in the northeast rose rapidly, and the Manchu Jianzhou Left Guard command Nurhaci unified the Jurchen tribes in Manchuria for 30 years, and established the Houjin regime in the forty-fourth year of the Ming Wanli calendar (1616), forming a local government opposed to the Ming Dynasty.
In the forty-sixth year of the Wanli Calendar (1618), Nurhaci took the lead in attacking the Ming Dynasty with the "Seven Great Hatreds". Since then, the situation in Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty has also deteriorated. In order to cope with the military expenses of the liaodong war, Emperor Mingshenzong ordered three times to send more national land endowments, which were then called "Liao's salary". Instead of helping, jiapai made the people unhappy, class contradictions intensified, and the crisis of the ming dynasty's demise had already formed, and the Ming Sect himself was depressed and frowned.
The battle between the country and the country
In the later years of Emperor Mingshenzong, there was a dispute over the foundation of the country, and the former palace daughter gave birth to the eldest son Zhu Changluo for Emperor Shenzong, and later Emperor Shenzong's favorite concubine Zheng Guifei gave birth to Zhu Changxun. At the instigation of Concubine Zheng Guifei, Emperor Shenzong always wanted to take the opportunity to make Zhu Changxun crown prince, but he was strongly opposed by the courtiers (mainly the Donglin Party), who was also called Guoben at that time, so this struggle between the emperor and the ministers was also called the dispute between the state capital.
The Dispute of Guoben was another large-scale clash between the emperor and his ministers after the Jiajing Dynasty's "Great Ceremonial Controversy", but this time the victor was the ministers, and eventually Zhu Changluo became the crown prince, and Zhu Changxun, the son of Zheng Guifei, was made the Prince of Fu (later killed by Li Zicheng's peasant army). There was a gap between the Donglin Party and the Fuwang clan, leaving a trace of misfortune for the future.
pass away
In the forty-eighth year of the Ming Dynasty (1620), When Emperor Shenzong fell ill, he supported the ascension to the temple to summon zhang Weixian and others, and instructed them to assist the crown prince Zhu Changluo with his heart. In August, He died of illness, the Wanli Emperor died, and was buried in the Changping Ding Mausoleum in Beijing, which cost 8 million taels of silver during his lifetime. Tan Fan Tianhe Dao Zhe Su Dun Jian Guang Article Wu An Ren Zhi Xiao Xian Emperor. Temple number Shenzong.
appraise
Ming Shenzong completed his contradictory life, worked hard in the first ten years of his succession, and with the assistance of Zhang Juzheng, the economy of the Ming Dynasty was unprecedentedly prosperous, and capitalism had sprouted in the Jiangnan region; in the middle decade, he changed from diligent to lazy, and finally ignored everything for nearly thirty years. But he has always been dominant, and from this point of view, he is by no means a mediocre person. But he also lacked the great talent and strategy of Ming Taizu and Ming Chengzu. Coupled with his addiction to wine and goods, he not only failed to make the Ming Dynasty prosperous. On the contrary, it pushed the Ming Dynasty into a desperate situation. Therefore, later generations commented that "the death of the Ming Dynasty is actually the death of the Divine Sect."
The most bizarre emperor in Chinese history, the Wanli Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. The Wanli Emperor had three singular characteristics:
First, do not love power and love freedom. He reigned for 48 years, and he actually worked as an "otaku" for 28 years, during which he did not go to the court to discuss.
Second, do not love the country and love money.
The Wanli Emperor was a wealth fan, who cleverly set up various names and sent special people to the people to loot wealth. At the same time, even if he married a princess or a wife for the crown prince, he not only demanded that the military officials of the Chinese Dynasty should "express", but also called on the people of the whole country to "follow the part". Meng Sen commented on the Ming Dynasty in the "Lecture Notes on the History of the Ming and Qing Dynasties": "Slacking off in the dynasty, having the courage to amass wealth, not being in the suburbs and not in the temples and not in the dynasty for thirty years, isolated from the foreign court."
Third, the Wanli Emperor was not only an otaku, but also an emperor with a strong sense of revenge.
Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun succeeded to the throne at a young age, because of the lack of ability to govern, Zhang Juzheng did what the emperor should do, in ten years, the reform results were obvious, Daming gradually recovered, at this time the Wanli Emperor gradually grew up, and the strict discipline of Zhang Juzheng began to rebel. After Zhang Juzheng's death, the young Wanli Emperor began to liquidate the person who had supported the Ming Empire for more than ten years, and his vitriol, meanness, and revenge almost made Zhang Juzheng frustrated and ashes, and finally stopped until Zhang Jingxiu died. It can be seen that the Wanli Emperor's sense of revenge is heavy.
Anecdotal allusions: father-son affection
Once, when Ming Muzong was riding a horse in the palace, Zhu Yijun stopped the horse and said to Ming Muzong: "The father and emperor are the co-lords of the world, in case of a mistake, how to account to the world?" When Ming Muzong heard this, he quickly dismounted, picked up Zhu Yijun and walked into the palace.
Smart when young
At the beginning of Shenzong's ascension to the throne, he impressed his courtiers with his noble appearance. His voice came from Dantian, deep and powerful, and had an aftersound. From all indications, he was indeed a precocious monarch. He himself said that he was able to read at the age of 5, according to the old Chinese calculation method, when his actual age was only between 3 and 4 years old. Nevertheless, at the beginning of his reign, due to his young age, when he was in the court, he also needed to pull out a piece of paper that had been written for him in advance by others in his sleeve, and reply to the various officials' requests for instructions while watching. Naturally, he could not fully understand the meaning of the reply written on the piece of paper, but only a child who was not yet an adult was simply performing the duties of the emperor.
Make good friends
Both Empress Dowager Cisheng and the eunuch Feng Bao enjoyed calligraphy. Therefore, Zhu Yijun's calligraphy was extremely neat when he was very young. Feng Bao was in the palace, and was called "companion" and "big companion" by the emperor, and the little emperor was very afraid of Feng Bao. Every time the little emperor was playing with the little eunuch, when he saw Feng Bao coming, he sat down and said, "The big companion is coming." Feng Bao's duty was not only to conduct general education for the emperor, but also to sometimes approve on behalf of emperor Zhu. Therefore, the connection between him and Zhang Juzheng is closer. In fact, it is precisely because there is Feng Bao inside and Zhang Juzheng outside that the New Deal in the early years of the Wanli Calendar can be smoothly implemented. Zhang Juzheng took great care of Zhu Yijun's counseling and care, and he arranged a detailed schedule for the emperor to see the dynasty and read. From the way the imperial court employs people, to some small sections in the palace, Zhang Juzheng has to talk to the emperor in detail.
Loves to read
Since Zhang Juzheng's death, Wanli had been freed from the shackles of a Hanlin scholar, and since he had become his father, Empress Dowager Cisheng had no longer interfered in his life. However, the emperor was indeed an adult at this time, and he was no longer interested in fooling around with the eunuchs, and he had become a man who liked to read. He ordered the scholars to copy copies of the "records" of the ancestors of the dynasty for him to read, and he also ordered the eunuchs to buy all kinds of newly published books in the city of Beijing, including poetry, arguments, medicine, plays, novels, and other aspects.
The longest-running emperor in Chinese history
Ten years before Wanli's reign, the Wanli Emperor appointed Zhang Juzheng to implement the change of law, although the change of law made the cabinet power, so that Zhang Juzheng's power reached its peak, but the change of law made the Ming Dynasty at this time sweep away the haze of the previous Jiajing Dynasty, and the country began to become stronger. After Zhang Juzheng's death, the Wanli Emperor began to pro-government, found that the cabinet power was too large, he took back the power, and for various reasons, he questioned Zhang Juzheng and others and raided their homes.
Subsequently, the Wanli Emperor began the "Three Great Expeditions of Wanli", namely the Battle of Ningxia, which used Li Rusong (Li Chengliang's eldest son) to quell the Mongol rebellion; the Battle of Korea (Anti-Japanese Aid Korea) that sent Li Rusong and Ma Gui to resist the Japanese invasion It is worth mentioning that although it was in Korea, the Ming army's military salaries had always been provided by the country; and Li Hualong's Battle of Bozhou to quell the Miaojiang rebellion. These three major battles played a prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and after the end of the three major battles, there was still silver in the internal treasury and the Tai Warehouse that supplied the campaign. This is enough to prove that the Ming Dynasty at this time was still the hegemony in East Asia.
Fourteen years after wanli, the wanli emperor indulged in his own exploits and indulged in wine. Beginning about the fifteenth year of the Wanli Calendar, the Wanli Emperor Zhu Yijun began to strike down the dynasty, ostensibly because the candidate for the crown prince in his heart was at odds with the opinions of his ministers, but in fact because he no longer attached as much importance to the country as he had when he was first pro-government. Beginning in the seventeenth year of the Wanli Calendar, the Wanli Emperor did not receive a single minister again, and for 30 years he did not go out of the palace, ignored the government, did not go out of the suburbs, did not sacrifice to the temple, did not go to the dynasty, did not see, did not approve the chapter, and did not attend classes. A standard otaku life.
But if it is an ordinary person, if you do nothing, it is only related to yourself. However, as an emperor, Zhu Yijun was handled by Zhang Juzheng and others in the early days of state affairs, which was naturally appropriate and appropriate. But now the Wanli Emperor was already pro-government, and he held the power tightly in his own hands, but he did not do anything. The 2 or 30 consecutive years of boycotts have led to the emergence of officials in the country, whether good or bad, unable to be promoted, the shortage of officials in various places has not been replenished, and the political affairs report has not been approved. As a result, the country could not even function normally, and the Ming Dynasty began to fall.
Emperor Mingzong also deposed the emperor, but the Jiajing Emperor had enough ability to control his subjects. Although Yan Song and others were allowed to control the situation in the dprk and cause great harm to the country, the appointment and dismissal of officials, state affairs, and so on were dealt with. For some major events, the Jiajing Emperor would also personally inquire about such as the diversion of the Yellow River. Of course, as long as the DPRK is boycotted, it will cause harm to the country. Officials are equivalent to the limbs of the emperor in charge of the world, if the brain does not even use the limbs, then it is inevitable that the individual will have a hard time surviving, and in the same way, the country will inevitably have a huge crisis.
The Wanli Emperor's rebellion directly led to the abortion of Zhang Juzheng's change of law (officials did not even approve the normal promotion, who cares about the new law). Officials could not be promoted, and Feng Lu did not rise. With the passage of time, it began to develop horizontally to seek wealth. The Donglin Party, which once served the country and the people, also began to gradually become the most hated appearance they once hated.
At this time, Nurhaci in the Liaodong region began to develop gradually, and finally broke out on April 13, 1618, the 46th year of the Wanli Calendar (1618), Nurhaci issued the "Seven Great Hates" edict against the Ming, established the Houjin regime, and captured Fushun. The government and the opposition were shaken, and the Wanli Emperor began to order three additional salaries (Liao, Suppressed, and Lian) three times in succession. However, at this time, the people had already lost confidence in the imperial court, and the imperial court collected heavy taxes at this time, so they threw themselves into the rebel army that overthrew the Ming Dynasty.
The Next Year, the Wanli Emperor finally gathered enough food and gathered an army to fight against Houjin, but at this time the Ming army was not the Ming army at all, and the Ming army killed more than 40,000 people in this battle. And Nurhaci occupied Kaiyuan and Tieling. At this time, Houjin is no longer a scabies disease, but has begun to become a serious problem in the heart.
At this time, the Wanli Emperor had run out of oil, so the crown prince Zhu Changluo died, and Zhu Changluo died somehow after only one month on the throne.
Looking back at the life of the Wanli Emperor, although he supported Zhang Juzheng and others in the early stage and achieved the change of law, he did not insist on the success of the change, just like the Qin and the six kingdoms have changed the law separately, but only the Qin state can insist on changing the law for 6th generation, and the six kingdoms can only maintain it for a short time. It is difficult to change the law, but it is even more difficult to adhere to the results of the change. The Wanli Emperor also caused the Ming Dynasty to be paralyzed for 30 years due to his paranoid personality. Eventually, the Ming Dynasty slid into the abyss of destruction.