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- Source/Curator Weijian
- Author/Curator Weijian
Among the many founding generals, General Xu Haidong is a special one. Although he did not participate in the campaign for fifteen years, in the end he received the rank of general, ranking second, only after Su Yu.
There is no doubt that Su Yu's contribution is great, from the revolutionary period to the Liberation War, Su Yu participated in and commanded the Great War, and deserved the rank of the first general.
So, why was General Xu Haidong able to obtain the rank of general without participating in the war for 15 years, and his ranking was only after Su Yu?
Born as a potter, he has a strong military talent
Xu Haidong, a native of Hubei, was born in 1900 into a poor rural family.
Born in a rural family in the old era, life was mostly very difficult, and the same is true for General Xu Haidong, who was destined to have a smooth road in life in the future from the moment he was born.
When he was a little older, General Xu Haidong began to do farm work to reduce the burden on his family. Later, under the leadership of his father, General Xu Haidong, who was still a minor, went to work as a potter nearby, and he did it for a full eleven years.
The eleven years of being a potter were quite painful, not only because the conditions were very difficult, but also because of the meagre income.
What is even more hateful is that the owners of the kiln factory constantly exploit and oppress the kiln workers, and the potters can only barely make ends meet after a hard day's work.
Because he was born in poverty, he had a deep understanding of the suffering of the people at the bottom, which laid the foundation for General Xu Haidong's future participation in the revolution.
In 1925, after careful consideration, General Xu Haidong decided to join the Chinese Communist Party. Among the many parties at that time, General Xu Haidong believed that only the Communist Party was a political party that sincerely thought about the people, which was consistent with his original intention.
Subsequently, General Xu Haidong followed the troops to fight in the south and the north, and in the battle, General Xu Haidong always took the lead and always rushed to the forefront, making immortal contributions to the revolution.
Although General Xu Haidong did not attend a military academy or receive systematic military training, he was a military genius who could win every battle.
Therefore, the Central Committee attached great importance to General Xu Haidong and entrusted him with important tasks, and as time went by, General Xu Haidong's position became higher and higher, and in 1934, he served as the commander of the Red 25th Army.
After the outbreak of the "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaign, General Xu Haidong led the Red 25th Army to defeat the Kuomintang reactionary forces on several occasions.
Although he was already a military commander, General Xu Haidong still did not change his previous style of taking the lead, and after the battle broke out, he still often charged with the soldiers, and won the love of the soldiers.
It can be seen that General Xu Haidong's contribution is also very great.
However, the above is only part of his credit, and the most important reason why General Xu Haidong won the second rank is the following two major credits.
One of the merits: led the Red 25th Army to complete the Long March
In 1934, the Central Committee ordered General Xu Haidong to lead the Red 25th Army to start the Long March.
Before leaving, General Xu Haidong took the initiative to ask Comrade Cheng Zihua sent by the central authorities to be the commander of the army, and he was the deputy commander.
The reason for this is because General Xu Haidong felt that if Comrade Cheng Zihua was appointed as the commander, the Long March of the Red 25th Army would be smoother, and he could also let go of his hands to fight the war, killing two birds with one stone.
After study, the central government adopted General Xu Haidong's suggestion, and then the Red 25th Army began the Long March.
It is worth mentioning that the fighters of the Red 25th Army were mainly family members of the Red Fourth Front Army. In addition, the number of the Red 25th Army was not large, although it was an army formation, but the total number was less than 3,000.
The route of the Red 25th Army's Long March was also quite special, and there was no main force to cooperate with it, so the Red 25th Army needed to complete the Long March alone, which was quite difficult.
After the start of the Long March, the Red 25th Army was repeatedly surrounded and intercepted by the Kuomintang troops, and under the leadership of Cheng Zihua and Xu Haidong, the Red 25th Army was able to get out smoothly every time.
Eleven months later, the Red 25th Army was about to arrive in northern Shaanxi. However, General Xu Haidong was not in a hurry to lead the Red 25th Army to end the Long March, and he planned to share the pressure for the Central Red Army.
Later, under the leadership of General Xu Haidong, the Red 25th Army attacked the bases of the Kuomintang troops along the Sealand Highway, with the intention of attracting the attention of the surrounding Kuomintang troops and relieving the pressure on the Central Red Army.
During the battle, the Red 25th Army learned from the enemy that the Central Red Army was approaching the Songpan area, which made General Xu Haidong very happy, and he decided to lead the Red 25th Army to join the Central Red Army at Xinglong Town.
Unfortunately, because the enemy near Xinglong Town was too strong, the Red 25th Army finally decided to rush directly to the base area in northern Shaanxi after holding out for 18 days, so as not to be completely annihilated by the enemy.
Although it failed to successfully rendezvous with the Central Red Army in Xinglong Town, the Red 25th Army made a great contribution, effectively containing the surrounding Kuomintang troops and buying time for the Central Red Army.
In 1935, the Red 25th Army successfully completed the Long March, and in this process, General Xu Haidong's contribution is great, which can be called the first major credit.
The second merit: borrowed 5,000 yuan from the Central Red Army
The second major contribution of General Xu Haidong is the story that happened after the completion of the Long March.
After the Red 25th Army completed the Long March, it did not stop where it was and did nothing, but worked with the Red Army in northern Shaanxi to resist the attack of the Kuomintang troops.
At the same time, the Central Red Army also learned about the situation of the 25th Red Army and the situation in the base areas in northern Shaanxi.
At this time, another crisis of the Central Red Army followed. When they arrived in northern Shaanxi, it was already the end of October, and the weather was already very cold, but the Central Red Army did not have the supplies to survive the winter.
During the Long March, the Central Red Army basically ran out of supplies, and there was no money to buy supplies for the winter. The weather in northern Shaanxi is different from other places, there are no supplies for winter, and the consequences are very serious.
In desperation, Chairman Mao decided to ask the Red 25th Army for help, hoping that General Xu Haidong, the leader of the Red 25th Army, could lend the Central Red Army some money to help the Central Red Army survive this winter.
After learning of this, General Xu Haidong immediately said that there was no problem at all, and from the total 7,000 yuan of funds, he took out a full 5,000 yuan and lent it to Chairman Mao to help the Central Red Army.
With these 5,000 yuan, the Central Red Army successfully survived the winter and accumulated strength in this winter, and after the winter was over, the strength of the Central Red Army was greatly enhanced.
Generosity and charcoal in the snow, this is the second major credit of General Xu Haidong. Although he was later absent from the campaign for fifteen years due to illness, his merits were already great, and there was no problem at all in obtaining the rank of second general.
Resources:
"The Life of Xu Haidong" Source: Encyclopedia
Xu Haidong: "People who have made great contributions to the Chinese revolution"[J].Branch construction Source: CNKI
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