Before the liberation, to be precise, at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the Kanto specialty was not only "ginseng, deer antler, and ula grass", but also a beard.
Of course, at that time, it was not only the Kanto region that had a beard, but also a large number of bandits in Henan, Hunan, Yunnan and Guizhou gathered in the mountains and forests, especially the bandits in Xiangxi, which were also very famous.
But compared to Kanto, it is certainly a drop in the bucket. At that time, Kanto was really full of situations, and there were countless large and small locks, as many as cow hair. There are even some croppers who work in the fields during the day, and at night they unite with two or three people to become stick-executioners, making a temporary cameo appearance.
Even the king of the Northeast was born in a reckless manner, and even became the 14th head of the Beiyang government.
It can be said that in the study of the social and cultural history of the Kanto region of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, it is impossible to bypass the word "beard" in any case.
So, why do Kanto have beards everywhere? I'm afraid that Qin Shubao and Wu Erlang are going to have a black pot on their backs......
01
Kanto was the land of Longxing of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, and the aborigines were all Manchurians. After the Qing army entered the customs, most of the Manchurians also went from Longxiangfu.
In order to leave a way back for themselves, the Manchus implemented a policy of strictly prohibiting Han people from moving in for a long time in order to protect the land of Longxing. In order to ban it, it even spent manpower and material resources to build thousands of kilometers of wicker side walls, which were "nine on the top and ten on the bottom".
Therefore, before the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the population of the Kanto region was very scarce.
However, after the Opium War, the Manchu Qing Dynasty was unable to control the frontier, and the Central Plains was due to the population explosion during the Qianlong period, which made the contradiction of less land and more people increasingly prominent, and the good neighbors in the north coveted the land of Kwantung and encroached on it step by step, so the ban on reclamation was lifted in the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860).
As a result, a boom was set off to break into the eastern part of the country, which was an extremely rare mass migration in human history.
Among the people who broke into the eastern part of the country, although there are also a small number of Hebei and Shanxi people, the absolute majority of them must still be Shandong people. To this day, there are still places in the Kanto region where the entire village speaks Shandong—"the people live together, and their language and customs are the same as before".
Shandong was "copied" in the Kanto region, which determined that there would be a plane transplantation of Shandong culture. As Mr. Zhao Zhongfu said:
"In a social sense, the four eastern provinces and regions are basically the expansion of Shandong's agricultural society. Shandong and the four eastern provinces and regions are similar in language, religious beliefs, customs and Xi, family system, ethical concepts, and economic behavior. ”
02
A considerable number of these Shandong people who broke into the eastern part of the country were initially engaged in profiteering industries such as digging ginseng and gold mining, and they would inevitably huddle together to keep warm and form gangs. For example, Han Dengju of the Jin Gang of Huadian, Jilin Province, and Liu Danzi of the Mu Gang of Hailong, are all like this.
Even those who are engaged in agricultural reclamation, in order to resist the harsh external environment, will also farm and hunt, from the "foreign cannon" used at the beginning to the fast gun later.
Human nature determines that they will worship the strong, especially in the undeveloped and undeveloped state of Kanto, a man with a "hard gun" will inevitably gain high prestige, and some of them will become "gunheads".
In fact, many mountains and forests in the Kanto region are "semi-owned".
That is, the mountain and forest land has not been created into the Yellow Book of Fish Scales, but the flag people and their coats will have the right of possession by default in the name of history, after all, they are aborigines. If they say that grandpa Zuzu built a shack here, it is really difficult to determine.
However, they themselves did not have the ability or the will to develop it, and some of them had already left Kanto to enjoy life in Kannai, and had never been to Kanto in their lives.
But when someone else comes to develop, it must jump out and do things. Some people just want a sum of money, and this is quite easy to do. Some of them directly want to make things yellow, and even take the fruits of reclamation as their own.
Land reclamation, gold mining, and ginseng excavation all have to deal with the mountains and forests, and it is inevitable that there will be conflicts with the banner people.
The self-proclaimed superior banner man, and the government as a backer, is naturally a strong party, but also an exploitative and oppressive party.
However, most of those who broke into the eastern part of the country are from Shandong, and Shandong is not only a Confucian saint, but also a hero!
03
Shandong Xiangma can be described as famous in all directions. This word is not a derogatory term, but a veritable compliment, representing righteousness and boldness.
You must know that "Shandong Ringing Horse" is a compulsory repertoire for Xiao Wuxing, and it has a far-reaching impact.
The reason why it is called "Shandong Xiangma" is because in the history and culture of Shandong, there have been too many heroes of the green forest who are known for their righteousness. Among them, the most famous is naturally "Horses on both sides of the Yellow River, three states and six prefectures, race Zhuanzhu, Xiao Meng", Qin Qiong - Qin Shubao.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Shandong Hall in the capital was not dedicated to Guan Gong or Buddha, but Qin Shubao.
And Shi Nai'an's "Water Margin" pushed Shandong's green forest culture to the peak. In Shandong Kuaishu, Wu Erlang has always firmly occupied the C position.
If Qin Shubao is given righteousness (two ribs with a knife), then Wu Erlang is given resistance (blood spattered mandarin duck building).
Therefore, it is not surprising that these Shandong immigrants who grew up listening to the stories of Qin Shubao and Wu Erlang and have an adventurous spirit themselves (otherwise they would not dare to break into the Kanto) chose to join forces in the face of injustice, darkness, and oppression.
It was precisely in the late Qing Dynasty that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Uprising and the Twist Army Uprising broke out on a large scale, and the Manchu government could only send a large number of flag troops stationed outside the Guanxi to enter the customs in order to suppress the uprising. For example, in the twists and turns of Jilin General Fubao, it is mentioned:
"Although there are more than 1,000 of the Ten Banners, in addition to all errands, there are only 3 or 400 of them, the old ones are not able to be sent, and the young ones have not yet grown up from this, and there are not many of them saved, and there are few that can be used."
As a result, the Kwantung military was empty, the government was severely incapable of suppression, and for a long time, the land of Kanto was almost synonymous with anarchy.
If you have a gun, you are the king of grass!
Since the beginning of the Republic of China, these people who have broken into the eastern part of the country have passed the previous period of reckless development, and it is inevitable that there will be a distinction between the rich and the poor, the rich will be in the wilderness, and the poor can only work for others.
People's hearts are always complicated, which inevitably has a hatred of the rich. Under the loose management of society, there is robbery and theft. Even some farmers will take advantage of the slack time to turn into stick-executioners, beating sticks and carrying dead dogs.
And the gang headed by Lao Zhang, although the starting point is very low, including veterinarians, tofu makers, short-term workers, and pickers, can eventually occupy the entire Northeast, all of them are high-ranking officials have to do and horses have to ride, and it is even more inspiring some people to take the opportunity to take the route of Liangshan and Songjiang, and after strengthening the team, recruit An, and become a battalion commander......
04
In the early days, Kanto's beard did also uphold the concept of robbing the rich and helping the poor, and doing the right thing for heaven, and all behaviors were based on heroes.
For example, many locks have various rules.
Seven do not rob: do not rob relatives, do not rob funerals, do not rob letters, do not rob ferries, do not rob hotels to open hotels, do not rob daughters-in-law who return to the door, and do not rob those who ask doctors to see a doctor.
Eight do not take the property: do not take the property of a woman, do not take the property of a small family, do not take the property of a family member, do not take the property of a diligent worker, do not take the money of a prostitute, do not take the property of a craftsman, do not take the property of a man, and do not take the property of a footwalker.
It is not allowed to push horizontally (playing with women).
However, with the passage of time, these beards began to deteriorate, after all, people have desires. Countless psychological experiments have proven that in the absence of external constraints, the evil of human nature can be easily unleashed.
At this time, most of the dreadlocks have lost their original intentions, and have become beasts and devils driven by desire, and they can do bad things.
But there are also a small number of people who can maintain their hearts of benevolence and righteousness, such as the "Dong Enhou" of Jilin Nong'an, the "little fool" of Heilongjiang Shuangcheng, and the "Old North Wind" of Haicheng, Liaoning.
In the First Sino-Japanese War, some of them united to form the "New Army of Hostility" and launched operations against the Japanese army.
After 918, there were also some handmaidens who participated in the Anti-Japanese Federation, called the "Mountain Forest Team", such as "Double Victory", "Thirteen Provinces", and "Pressing the East", and fought with the Japanese army in Baishan and Heishui for many years, throwing their heads and spilling blood.
This can be regarded as living up to Qin Shubao and Wu Erlang in Shandong's hometown......