Tao surname, one of the Chinese surnames, has a history of more than 4300 years.
The surname Tao ranks 31st in the Song version of the hundred family names, and according to the latest statistics, the population of the Tao surname is about 2.1 million, and the population ranking is 83rd, which is located after the historical surname and before the He surname.
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" > backtracking</h1>
1. From the surname Ji
After Tang Yao, he was given the fief name of the clan.
According to the "Ciyuan", according to legend, before Yao was called emperor, he was first sealed in Tao (the ancient city was in taoqiu, northwest of Dingtao, Shandong Province), and later moved to Tang (the ancient city was in present-day Tang County, Hebei Province), so it was called Tao Tang. One of his descendants was given the surname of his fiefdom, the Tao clan.
2. From the surname Ji
Also after Tang Yao, he took professional skills as his clan.
According to the Yuanhe Surname Compilation and the Surname Yuan, before Yao became a tribal leader, he lived in the northwest of present-day Dingtao County, Shandong Province, and used the market as a pottery as a profession, and his place was called Taoqiu. Some of Yao's descendants took the surname of their ancestors and formed the Tao surname.
3. From the Seven Tribes of the Shang Dynasty
The Tao clan, one of the famous seven clans of the Shang Dynasty, belonged to the clan based on professional skills.
According to the historical records "Yuan He Surname Usurpation" and "Customs and Customs", during the Shang Dynasty, there were seven famous clans, namely Tao, Shi, Fan, Fan, Hunger, and Zhongkui, all of whom took Taoye as their profession.
Pottery, referring to pottery craftsmen and kiln workers, was originally a low-level nobleman who mastered this professional skill and served slaves to produce. At that time, among the seven tribes, there were people with occupation as their surname, called Tao. After the Spring and Autumn Period, among all professional craftsmen and commoners engaged in pottery making, there were people with the surname of "pottery", called Tao, pronounced táo.
Fourth, from the Surname Of Yu
After being a descendant of Shun, Sun Yufu, he was given the official title of Clan .
According to the "Yuan He Surname Usurpation", according to legend, Shun gave the tribal leader Chan to Yu Hou, Yu's son Qi, established the Xia Dynasty, and sealed Yu's descendants to Yu, so Shun was given the surname of Yu. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, someone named Yu Fu was a descendant of Shun, whose father's name was Yu Si (虞思), and the official Zhi Tao Zheng (官至陶正) was an official in charge of the production of pottery utensils. Yu Fu inherited his father's position and remained Tao Zheng, and his descendants were given the official name and surname, called Tao.
5. From the Tang surname
For tanggu in the Song Dynasty, he changed his surname to Tao to avoid the emperor.
According to the "Biography of the History of the Song Dynasty" and the "Biography of Tao Gu of Dongdu Shiluo", the Song Dynasty had Tao Gu, a character Xiushi, a native of Xinping, Yingzhou (present-day Bin County, Shaanxi Province). His original surname was Tang, and in order to avoid the name of Jinzu (Shi Jingyao), he changed his surname to Tao. His descendants then passed on the surname Tao, forming a branch of the Tao clan.
6. Change the surname from another ethnic group
1. The Manchu Taojia clan, the Tohe Luo clan, the Daur tuqin clan, the Gulong clan, and the Xiber clan Tokul clan Han surname are all Tao.
2. Jinbai, Dai, Jing, Miao, Yao, Yi, Brown, Mongolian, Hui and other ethnic groups all have the surname Tao.
< h1 class="ql-align-justify" > migration distribution</h1>
Before the week, the Tao surname was not revealed in the history books. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the first famous figure in the annals of history appeared, that is, the female Tao Bao who passed on the story of the ancients with the art of righteousness.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the Tao surname gradually moved south to the area of present-day Lankao, Henan, and later multiplied and developed, forming the first major county in the history of the Tao surname, Jiyang County.
During the Western Han Dynasty, there were Tao She and Tao Qing who were sent to Chang'an, and Tao Qinggong was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Kaifeng, and his descendants inherited their positions and lived in the local area.
During the Two Han Dynasties, the Tao people gradually moved south to Jiangsu and Anhui, and settled south of the Yangtze River, such as the Eastern Han Dynasty Xuzhou Prefecture Mu and Liyang Marquis Tao Qian, who was a danyang (present-day Xuancheng, Anhui Province).
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the Zhongyuan Shi clan moved south on a large scale, and the Tao surnames of Henan and Shandong began to move south to Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the Tao surnames who originally lived in northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui also crossed the river into Zhejiang and Gansu. During this period, many Tao people emerged in the Jiangnan area, such as the Eastern Jin Dynasty Lieutenant Taiwei, Poyang (present-day Boyang, Jiangxi Province) Tao Kan, and later moved to Xunyang Chaisang (present-day Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province), and the famous poet Tao Yuanming was his great-grandson. The Southern Dynasty Song Xiaochang Xiang Tao Zhenbao, Jin'an Hou Tao Long were both Moling (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu) people, after continuous reproduction, the Tao surname in the above places formed a situation of clan people, descendants prosperity, so the later Tao surname with Danyang, Xunyang as its county Wangtang number.
Before the Song Dynasty, the development of the Tao surname was still based on the above two places as the main source, slowly spreading throughout Jiangnan, and a Tao surname entered Hunan. During the Song Dynasty, the Tao surname developed in the north, and there were People with the Tao surname in Shaanxi, Henan, Lu, Jin, Ji and other places. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, wolf smoke was everywhere in Jiangnan, and the Tao surname was spread to the lands of Xiang, Hubei, Fujian, Guangdong and Guizhou.
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the Tao surname, as one of the surnames of the Ming Dynasty Hongdong Locust Tree migrants, was moved to Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Beijing and other places, while the Tao surname of the Two Lakes followed the wave of immigrants from Sichuan to sichuan, and then spread to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.
In the Qing Dynasty, the Tao surname was widely spread throughout the country, and some people crossed the sea to Taiwan, and then spread overseas. Therefore, most of the Tao people in Taiwan migrated from Fujian during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Nowadays, the Tao surname is mainly concentrated in Anhui, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Sichuan and four provinces, accounting for about 40% of the total population of the country's Tao surname, followed by Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Henan, and the Tao surname in these six provinces and cities is concentrated in 30%. Anhui is the largest province with the surname Tao, accounting for about 14.5% of the total population of the Tao surname.
<h1 class="ql-align-justify" > surname fame</h1>
Ancient celebrities
Tao Qian: Late Han Dynasty (132-194), Zi Gongzu, Danyang people. One of the heroes of the late Han Dynasty, the official zhi and the general of Andong, Xuzhou Mu, fengliyang marquis.
Tao Kan: Eastern Jin Dynasty (259-334), Zi Shixing, a native of Poyang, Jiangxi, a famous general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, a great Sima and a military governor of the Eight Prefectures, a diligent official, did not like to drink alcohol and gamble, cherished the time like gold, and when he was in charge of Guangzhou, he was praised for his ambitions and was praised.
Tao Yuanming: Eastern Jin Dynasty (c. 352-426), Ming Qian, Zi Yuanliang, Wuliu Mr. Wuliu, Private Jingjie, Xunyang Chaisang, poet, writer, lyricist, and essayist of the Southern Dynasty and early Song Dynasty in the late Eastern Jin Dynasty. He worked as a petty official for several years, but then resolutely resigned his official position and returned home because he did not want to bend his waist for "Five Buckets of Rice", and since then he has lived in seclusion in the countryside, and his famous works include "Drinking", "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Countryside", "Peach Blossom Origin", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu", "Returning to Xi Ci", "Idle Love" and so on.
Tao Hongjing: Southern Dynasty (456-536), character Tongming, huayang hermitage, Danyang Moling people. A Taoist thinker, peduter, alchemist, and writer of the Southern Dynasty Qi and Liang Dynasties, Mr. Zhenbai, then known as "Shanzhong Zaixiang", was one of the representative figures of the Taoism Maoshan School in the Southern Qi and Southern Liang periods of the Southern Dynasty.
Tao An: Ming Dynasty (1315-1368), character lord Jing, Anhui Dangtu people. Bo is involved in the history of the classics, especially in the "Yi", participated in the shogunate, entered the Hanlin, outstanding political achievements, and made important contributions to the formulation of the Ming Dynasty music etiquette and canon system. Died in the official, the emperor was sacrificed to Wen, and posthumously awarded the title of Duke of Gu county.
Tao Kai: Ming Dynasty (?) -1373), the character neutral, self-titled "Durable Daoren", Zhejiang Linhai people. Born in a humble background, intelligent and studious, he often made friends with poetry, calligraphy and painting, and was quite famous, and was known as the first in the literary world at that time. Deeply appreciated by Zhu Yuanzhang, he was recruited by the imperial court, and the official to the Ministry of Rites Shangshu made an important contribution to the formulation of the Ming Dynasty music etiquette and the canon system.
Tao Ru Nai: Late Ming and early Qing Dynasties (1601-1683), character Zhongtong, nicknamed Mi'an, a native of Ningxiang, Hunan. Ming Dynasty cut his hair and became a monk. Gong poetry is written in Han, and there is a reputation of "Chu Tao Three Absolutes" in Hainei. Wen Junyi, with a strange atmosphere, the words are particularly laborious. Calligraphy first entered and exited the rice, and in the evening it was Yan Lugong, and the temples he passed through were inscriptions and inscriptions, which are still precious.
Modern celebrities
Tao Chengzhang: (1878-1912), Zi Huanqing, Tao'er Shanren, Zhejiang Huiji Taoyan people, one of the founders of the Guangfuhui. He went to Beijing twice to assassinate Cixi, and then actively ran for revolution, setting up the Northern Expedition Preparation Bureau and the Headquarters of the Guangfu Army, and served as the commander-in-chief. He was later assassinated by Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Zhuqing at the age of 35.
Tao Menghe: (1887-1960), formerly known as Lu Gong, originally from Shaoxing, born in Tianjin, sociologist, since October 1949 as vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the founder of the Library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and has made important contributions to the development of the library of the Academy of Sciences.
Tao Xingzhi: (1891-1946), a native of Shexian County, Huizhou, Chinese educator, educator, thinker, democratic fighter, great communist fighter, patriot, was one of the main leaders of the Chinese People's Salvation Congress and the China Democratic League. He is the author of "China's Educational Transformation" and so on.
Modern celebrities
Tao Hong: Born on January 15, 1972 in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, Tao Hong is a Chinese film and television actress, former synchronized swimmer, champion of the National Games, and 5th place in the World Cup collective.
Tao Zhe: Real name Tao Xuzhong, born in Hong Kong in July 1969, grew up in Taipei, at the age of 15 began to settle in Los Angeles, the United States, Chinese singer-songwriter, powerful singer-songwriter.
Tao Xinran: Born on January 13, 1986 in Anhua County, Yiyang City, Hunan Province, tao Xinran Chinese mainland actress, graduated from the Department of Drama, Film and Television of Tianjin Conservatory of Music.