"Poetry Tells Stories" Is famous, attracts attention, becomes an official, and exerts ambitions - dragon sleeper

The dragon is lying in the heart of the people, and the peng is not aware.

Ben because of the five nights, dare to look forward to the bamboo forest period.

——Excerpt from Tang Lu Lun's "Fenghe Hu Cao Uncle Summer Night Apartment Directly Sent to the Dukes of Cao and See the Instructions"

Regarding retreat, there are roughly four categories.

The first category is the retreat of the aftermath. Some of these people who went into hiding retired because they succeeded and retired after success; some took the initiative to retreat because they were disappointed in the imperial court or tired of the officialdom. Its representative figures such as Fan Li and Tao Hongjing.

The second category is to hide first and then to be later. There are two types of hidden and then hidden. One is to enter the world after the true hermitage, and the other is to live in seclusion in order to seek a career. The biggest difference between the two is the purpose of seclusion, which is to gain fame, attract attention, and then enter the world and exert ambitions. Its representative figures such as Jiang Ziya.

The third category of hermits belongs to the false hermits. This kind of person is not actually pursuing the life of a hermit, most of them want to show their ambitions in the court. Some of them wanted to experience the retreat of life, and they also brought servants and prostitutes. The representative of such people is Xie An.

The fourth and final category is considered a true hermit, completely reclusive. For example, Xu Fang recorded in the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty". Xu Fang "has been in the mountains since he was in hiding, walking on cloth and grass, and never entering the city for life." "Xu Fang's cain is the real cain."

Regarding the second category is the first hidden and then the shi, the recluse is to win fame, attract attention, and then enter the shi, the representative of the ambition in addition to Jiang Ziya, the most famous is Zhuge Liang.

Jin Chen Shou's "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Shushu, And Zhuge Liang's Biography" says: Liu Bei was defeated by Cao Cao, and had no choice but to defect to Liu Biao and garrison Xinye. His adviser Xu Shu was dug into the wall by Cao Cao—panicking that Xu Shu's mother was seriously ill, xu Shu was immediately sent to Xu Capital. Xu Shu had no choice but to bid farewell to Liu Bei and enter Cao Ying. This matter was artistically processed into "Xu Shu entered the Cao camp and did not say a word" and other afterwords, which were widely circulated.

Before Xu Shu left, he told Liu Bei that there was a reclusive and outstanding talent in Long, called Zhuge Liang, and if he could get his help, he could win the world. Liu Bei asked Xu Shu to help summon Zhuge Liang. Xu Shuzheng said, "This person should only be seen, not yielded!" ”

The next day, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei took gifts to Longzhong to visit Zhuge Liang. Who knew that Zhuge Liang had gone on a trip and had an empty one.

A few days later, Liu Bei and the three of them braved the heavy snow and came to Zhuge Liang's house again. When Liu Bei saw a young man reading, he hurried over to pay his respects. That young man was not Zhuge Liang, but his brother Zhuge Jun. He told Liu Bei that his brother and his friend had gone out. Liu Bei was very disappointed, so he had to leave a letter saying that he longed for Zhuge Liang's help and pacify the world.

In the blink of an eye, after the New Year, Liu Bei and they came to Longzhong again. This time, I finally met Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei asked him for advice on ways to pacify the world.

Zhuge Liang, who was only 27 years old at the time, analyzed the situation in the world for Liu Bei, saying: "When Cao Cao was allowed to occupy the heavens in the north, Sun Quan was allowed to occupy the land in the south, and the general could occupy the people, take Xichuan cheng daye, and Cao and Sun Cheng were three-legged. ”

Liu Bei listened, was very impressed, and pleaded with Zhuge Liang to come out of the mountain to help. Zhuge Liang went out of the mountain.

Later generations of literati used "Dragon Reclining", "Rising Dragon", "Zhuge Lu", "Wolong Qi", "Maolu Sangu", "Sangu Maolu", etc., to refer to seclusion, or Yong Zhuge Liang went out of the mountains to assist Liu Beishi, or Yong Outstanding Talents came to the fore, or borrowed to refer to the place of seclusion, or the Emperor of Yong loved to seek the sage, or Yu sincerely invited or visited, or Yong Li Xian corporal.

For example: Tang Cui Daorong's "Over longzhong": "Xuande pale yellow rises and lies in the dragon, and the world is divided into words." Tang Liu Yuxi's "Buried Room Inscription": "Nanyang Zhuge Lu, Western Shu Zi Yunting." Song Wang Jie's "Gift to Wang Anshi": "Mao Lu San Gu moved the sting, and Hui Tent was empty and born Xiao Han." Yuan Xue Angfu's "Folding Gui Ling, Xi Shang Occasionally Talks About Shu Han Affairs Because of the Short Gui Body": "Luan Yu San Gu Mao Lu. Han Zuo is difficult to help, and the sun is twilight mulberry. ”