At the North Pole at minus 70 degrees, the Inuit actually slept naked, are they really not afraid of the cold?
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In ancient times, a group of people known as the Inuit crossed thousands of mountains and rivers to find a place in the cold Arctic.
Although they do not like the insulting term "Eskimos", it has become so ingrained over the course of history that people tend to ignore the original meaning of the "people" they call themselves.
The Inuit, who live mainly in Siberia, Greenland and the surrounding areas of Alaska, have experienced countless winds, frosts, rains and snows, and witnessed the tenacious survival of human beings in extreme environments.
Their ancestors were once a member of the yellow race, and due to the sudden change in the ancient environment, they were forced to embark on a journey to leave their homeland.
Once living in a temperate climate, they began a long and difficult migration north with the arrival of harsh weather.
Along the way, many people were not spared, and eventually some of them arrived in Alaska, others settled in Greenland, and others remained in the far north of Siberia.
The Inuit who arrived in Alaska did not usher in a peaceful life. There was a fierce conflict between them and the local indigenous Indians due to a shortage of resources.
Relations between the two sides were initially peaceful, but the battle over food and shelter gradually turned into rivalries, and the ongoing bloody battle led to great casualties among the Inuit.
As a sign of contempt, the Indians gave them the title of "Eskimos" in order to express their view of them as barbarians.
Under intense hostile pressure from the Indians, the Inuit were forced to continue north in search of refuge.
They abandoned their familiar homeland and headed for the colder polar regions, a desolate land that gave the Inuit a glimmer of life because of the harsh conditions that discouraged the Indians.
So, they established their home in the snowy Arctic and started a new chapter of life in the world.
Over the centuries, as explorers such as Marco Polo sailed the East to open up routes between East and West, more Western ships crossed the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans to unexpectedly discover and unveil the Inuit, an ancient people hidden in the depths of the ice and snow.
How did the Inuit survive in the face of such harsh natural conditions, and the key to this is their unique dwelling, the igloo.
These hemispherical structures made of rock-hard ice bricks are not only resistant to biting winds, but also have excellent thermal performance.
By burning lamps made from seal oil, the temperature inside the igloo is maintained at around 0 to 5 degrees Celsius, although the ice bricks are hardly melted in the low temperatures of minus tens of degrees outside.
To avoid heat loss, the Inuit designed the doorway to be so low that adults had to bend down to enter the igloo.
Some may wonder: Doesn't igniting a fire in an igloo hasten the melting of ice?
In fact, because the Arctic is so cold, the ice is melting far faster than it can freeze in the bitter cold.
What's more, the Inuit laid a layer of hides inside the igloo, which not only served to keep the heat warm, but also prevented the ice from melting too quickly.
In this white, desolate world, one of the great challenges faced by the Inuit was the source of food.
Due to the lack of sufficient greenery, they mostly rely on hunting wild animals such as reindeer and polar bears for their livelihood, and rely on raw meat and fat as their main food source. They wore heavy, warm animal skins to combat the cold.
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