If Changzhou is the Dragon City, then the north shore before and after is the back of the Dragon City, which is the best feng shui treasure in Changzhou, and the north bank before and after is the old Baiyun Creek.
Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the literati and inkers have praised countless poems of Baiyunxi, and the Qing Dynasty scholar Hong Liangji said: "The Xiujia of Yunxi is in the county, and Huanxi is also inhabited by famous ethnic groups." In the early years of the Republic of China (1932), Zhang Daqian also made a "Microwave Pavilion Map" for Baiyunxi in Changzhou. The Qing Dynasty poet Shen Shuxuan had a poetic cloud about BaiyunXi: "The wind is longitudinal and lonely, and the weeping willows on both sides of the river are blowing the painting building." The flat-bottomed boat line is like a house, and the scenery of Changzhou is like Suzhou. "I was thinking that if a beautiful and picturesque Baiyun Creek still exists today, then with its charm, it should be a world cultural heritage and admired by the world."
As one of the three major historical and cultural districts in Changzhou, the north bank of the front and back has a history of more than 1,000 years, and was originally named after the Gutang River. During the Northern Song Dynasty, due to the congestion of canals in the Qingguo Lane section, it was easy to cause flooding during the flood season, so Li Yuqing, the prefect of Changzhou, introduced the water of Jingxi and dug a new river north of the Caoqu River in Qingguo Lane, called Gutang River, also known as HouHe. Baiyun Creek is one of the sections of the Zicheng River, and the confluence with the Gutang River in front of Xiaoying forms Baiyun Creek.
Baiyun Creek in the old days, also known as Baiyun River. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was a ferry port, originally there was Yunxi Ancient Ferry, which was later changed to Baiyun Ancient Ferry, and the ferry port was at the bend of Yunxi on the west side of the Garden (now the west entrance of Yingchun Pedestrian Street). The south bank of the ferry port is the front north shore and the back north bank, and the north bank of the ferry port is Mashanbu and Tangjiawan. On the north bank of the ferry port, there is a wooden archway of "Baiyun Ancient Ferry", and the four characters are written by Zhuang Yisun. There are more than ten steps from the archway to the ferry, and the citizens living in Mashanbu and Tangjiawan go to the south bank of Yunxi and cross the river from baiyun ferry terminal. In the 1950s, the archway was demolished, and the ferry port disappeared with the filling of Yunxi.
The north side of the Gutang River is called the front north bank, and the south bank of Baiyun Creek is the back north bank, also known as the South Tangjia Bay. The north shore is surrounded by water on three sides and lands on one side, forming a small island. Baiyun ferry port old bridge, named Peifeng Bridge, this bridge was built in the fifty years of Qianlong (1785), because the bridge affected feng shui, so the bridge was demolished and set up a ferry. On the north bank of the ferry port, there used to be baiyun zen temple and Yangong temple, which was built during the Ming Dynasty and was abbot of Linji Sect for many years. Separated by a wall from the Baiyun Zen Temple, the temple was built in the early Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the 22nd year of Qing Daoguang (1840). Legend has it that when Zhu Yuanzhang crossed the river to attack Changzhou, the river wind was great, the ship would capsize, fortunately there was a Manifestation of the Duke of Yan, to avoid disasters, after the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang sealed the Duke of Yan as "Marquis of Pinglang", a protector of the gods on the water. Because people often drowned in Baiyundu, locals built temples to sacrifice in order to seek peace.
Since the Ming Dynasty, the dragon boat competition held every year in the fifth month of the lunar calendar in Changzhou has arisen from Baiyun Creek. In ancient times, Tangjiawan was in the north of Yingchun Pedestrian Street, connecting Rixin Street, Through Baiyun Ferry, to the Yingchun Bridge section of Juqian Street. According to legend, Tang Jingchuan Gaozu Tang Cheng, a famous anti-Wu general of the Ming Dynasty, once rented land here to build the Forbidden City Pavilion (a residential building of scholars), forming the Tang family mansion, because the Forbidden City Pavilion was adjacent to Baiyun Creek Huanwan, the weeping willows along the coast were lined up, the scenery was beautiful, the water surface was wide, and people held dragon boat races in Baiyun Creek every Dragon Boat Festival. At that time, the gongs and drums were noisy, people rowed dragon boats through the stream, you came and went, each showing its ability, the audience on both sides of the strait was like a tide, the grand situation was unprecedented, year after year, enduring. Hong Liangji, the seventh son of Qing Biling, wrote in the "Yunxi Jingdu Dictionary": "Outside the Yangong Ancestral Hall, in the river, the water Qingbo shallow play five dragons. A dragon drives four dragons forward, and the latter exhales the wind before hitting the water. "It fully demonstrated the grandeur of the Baiyunxi Dragon Boat Race at that time."
The imposing mansion on the north bank of Baiyun Creek is called "Sanyuan Pavilion", which is close to Mashanbu and is known as zhuangshi "Zhuangyuandi". Zhuang Cunhe, the owner of the mansion, was the head of the Qianlong Dynasty, the editor of the Hanlin Academy, the right attendant of the official to the Ministry of Rites, etc., a scripture scholar, and his brother Zhuang Peiyin qianlong nineteen years old, served as a Fujian scholar, at the age of 37 for his father's funeral, due to excessive sadness and died young. There are more than 100 buildings in the original mansion, such as the wharf, the zhaobi, the gate, and the Baoyan Hall, the Shiyan Hall, the Shenyu Hall, the Qiyu Hall, and the Weihui Hall, which occupy the scenery on Baiyun Creek. Later, with the filling of Baiyunxi and decay, most of the buildings were demolished, part of the Zhuang Garden was converted into Changzhou Nursing School, and part of the existing Mashanbu West Wing and Flower Hall were retained in the southwest corner of Changzhou First People's Hospital, and in 1987 it was established as a municipal cultural security unit. In addition, the entire alley of Yangliu Lane in Changzhou was originally also the residence of the Zhuang clan, and the famous people of the Zhuang clan were rare in the world, and their family business was once known as Changzhou's "Zhuang Bancheng".
Chen Longzhu's "Walking Over the White Cloud Tip" depicts the scenery of BaiyunDu in that year: "Jagged and Xie Xie Baiyun Tip, rain over the creek bay green color Tim." Sandbirds fly around the tourist boat, and pu sails obliquely reflect the curtain of the restaurant. The dotou is heavy and the willows are thin, and the breeze on the water surface weaves the waves." According to Daoguang's "Wuyang Hezhi", "The good deeds are born in the building and the boat is accompanied by a small drum, and the song is sung, and the square is silent." Baiyun ferry, often looking at the green willows of the green locust at night, still sees the lights and shadows, and the flute does not stop. It shows that the scenery of Baiyun Creek is indeed an excellent place for "Jin County to appreciate only this place, poetry and painting".
The north bank before and after has truly become the birthplace of Changzhou's cultural vein, which should start from the nearly one-thousand-year-old Su Dongpo to Changzhou. Su Dongpo has come to Changzhou many times, and finally grew old in the old vine flower museum on the banks of the Gutang River. Since the ancient literati and scholars loved to live in their neighbors, and because they admired the scholars of Su University, most of the celebrities and families in Changzhou gathered here, from the Gutang River to the Baiyun Creek on both sides of the houses connected, living next to the river. At this point, since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the north shore has gathered famous people and stars, which is the cultural context of Changzhou and has become a place where culture has flourished in previous generations.
In the old days, Baiyun Creek was only more than 500 meters long from east to west, and more than 200 meters from north to south, but for hundreds of years it had a fiery style, and there were 7 prime ministers, 5 champions, and more than 200 jinshi... It is a veritable "Jiangnan Wenyan, Yuanyuan Fudi". There are quite a few literati residences on both sides of the strait, this one is the former site of the "Vine Flower Old Hall" where su Dongpo, a great scholar of the Song Dynasty, the residence of the first Zhuangyuan Lü Palace in Changzhou in the Qing Dynasty, the "Ouxiang Pavilion" of Yun Nantian, the founder of the Changzhou School of Painting, the former residence of Tang Shishu, a famous boneless painter of the Qing Dynasty, the "Reading Snow Mountain House" and "Nan Study" of Guan Ganzhen, the Governor of Caoyun, the Yi Garden of Zhao Xiongzhao, the "Zhan Yi Hall" of the Great Literary Hero Exploring The Flower Zhao Yi, the "Two Dangxuan" of the poet Huang Jingren, the poet Huang Jingren of the Qing Dynasty, the "Sanyuan Pavilion" and "ZhuangyuanDi" of the Zhuang brothers of Zhuangyuan and Bangyan Zhuang. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Daotai Yun Zuyi Mansion, the Republic of China architectural master Zhuang Xingping House and so on.
Before and after the north shore of the former north shore, the most famous mansion is the "Vine Flower Old Hall". The old vine flower hall is also famous in Jiangnan, also known as the Sun's Pavilion, located in the former north bank of No. 61-70, because Dongpo once planted wisteria and begonias in the museum by hand, and placed the washed stone pond side, and later generations called the Sun Family Hall "Vine Flower Old Hall". Zhao Yi, Hong Liangji, and Sun Xingyan all left hymns about it, and Gu Yanwu Shiyun, a scholar in the early Qing Dynasty: "The vines of Gutang Bridge Hall bloom, and it is said that Po Gong used to plant it himself." The host is a famous sage, and invites guests to get drunk with gold. In the first year of the Song Dynasty (1101), the world was amnesty, and Su Dongpo, who had been degraded to Hainan, arrived in Changzhou in May with illness, and was arranged by his son-in-law Hu Renxiu and his friend Qian Jimin in Changzhou to be in the Sun's Pavilion, where thousands of people in Changzhou city were greeted by tens of thousands of people on the banks of the Gutang River, and Dongpo died of illness in August of that year. At the end of the Song Dynasty, the Yuan soldiers attacked Chang, and the city was destroyed, until the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the Changzhou people rebuilt the Sun Family Hall at the old site of the Dongpo End Old Land, and built a Nanmu Hall to commemorate it.
Zhao Yi is a famous poet and historian in China, a native of Daixi Township, Yanghu County, Changzhou Province. In the forty-eighth year of Qianlong (1783), the fifty-seven-year-old Zhao Yi admired Su Dongpo's residence in Yunxi, so he generously donated money and bought an official residence of eight acres of land near the old vine flower hall on the north bank of the Gutang River where Su Dongpo once lived. There is a water pavilion behind the house, when Zhao Yi was alive, he often invited dignitaries and literati to the pavilion to taste tea, and the scenery gave poetry and nostalgia, and from his poems, the grand scenery of Baiyun Creek in the Qing Dynasty can be seen: "Baiyun Dukou Kou Ming Lou, see the night boat in the city." The lights suddenly boiled into a sea of stars, and the pavilions were floating in the Moon Palace. "Unfortunately, the Shuiming Building was destroyed during the War of Resistance.
If the largest private residence in Baiyunxi is a mansion, then the most famous private garden is the Yi garden. Located on the banks of Baiyun Creek, near Xianxue Street, Yiyuan Garden was the residence garden of Zhao Shenqiao, a jinshi during the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty. Zhao Zhao built a house with twenty-eight entrances, and the front and back of the house occupied half of the county school street. The Zhao family can be described as a scholarly door, and the owner of the Zhao family, Zhao Shenqiao, was promoted as a "virtuous person" when he was serving as a Shangqiu Zhi County, and served as the chief of the Punishment Department. Kangxi returned to his hometown due to illness in the past thirty years, and Zhao Shenqiao was promoted to Zhejiang Bu envoy, Zhejiang Inspector, Zuo Du Yushi, and Hubu Shangshu ten years later, and was deeply respected by Kangxi and praised him for his honesty and integrity. In the 59th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Zhao Shenqiao passed away, and Yongzheng gave him the title of "Prince Taibao" in the first year of the reign of Yongzheng. Every time Qianlong came to Changzhou, he also came to sacrifice him and gave him a plaque of "SuSi Liang Festival", which showed the prestige of Zhao Shenqiao. His son Zhao Xiongzhao (赵熊诏) was the forty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1709), and his people were very affectionate and righteous, working in poetry, proficient in astronomy, mathematics, and writing, and participated in the revision of the Peiwen Yunfu and the Kangxi Dictionary. He died of excessive grief at the age of 58 due to his father's illness. Zhao Xiongzhao's grandson Zhao Huaiyu was the fourth grandson of Zhao Shenqiao, who served as the governor of Haiphong in Qingzhou Prefecture, the prefect of Deng and Yan Prefectures, was good at poetry, and also served in the middle of the dynasty, participating in the compilation and proofreading of the "Four Libraries", and wrote works such as "Biling Zhi", "Biling Collection", "Song Shi Jiejiao" and other works, one of the "Seven Sons of Biling". Zhao Huaiyu used the back garden of his ancestral residence to add fangyu hall, cloud nest, water pavilion, pavilion and other scenery. Unfortunately, in the sixth year of Qing Tongzhi (1867), Li Hongzhang led the Huai army to attack Changzhou in coordination with the foreign gun team, and the Zhao Family Garden as the holy treasury of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the residence of King Chen Yucheng was devastated, and the magnificent Zhao Mansion after more than 180 years became a ruin, and the only thing that remained was the Kuixing Pavilion that stands to this day. In the twelfth year of Qing Guangxu (1886), Shi Ganfu, who was an official (Qianjiang County Order) in Hubei, purchased this remnant garden and rebuilt the old garden, which revitalized the garden and was originally called "Yi Garden".
In the 1970s, in the era of "digging deep holes and accumulating grain", this Baiyun Creek, which had flowed for thousands of years, became an air raid shelter dug by thousands of people and burned bricks by thousands of people, and The Yiyuan Garden was gradually destroyed. After the reform and opening up, people built a large-scale Yingchun market on the air raid shelter filled by Baiyunxi, which is called "Hong Kong Stall" by Changzhou people, which has become an unforgettable memory of generations of Changzhou people. Since then, the banks of Baiyun Creek have never been seen again, "out of the house to see the new moon, dusk perched in the crow." The frost forest clouds are straight outside, and the wind grass crosses the head cold" beautiful scenery. The disappearance of Baiyun Creek cannot but be said to be a huge regret!