Epicenter search and rescue scene | Xinhua
According to Beijing Youth Daily, at 23:59 on December 18, a 6.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in Jishishan County, Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province, with an epicenter depth of 10 kilometers. As of 13:00 on the 19th, the earthquake has killed 113 people in Gansu, injured 536 people, and damaged 155393 houses. In addition, the earthquake affected the neighboring province of Qinghai, killing 13 people, injuring 182 people and leaving 20 people missing.
A number of interviewees in the earthquake area told Beiqingshen that resisting the severe cold is one of the most urgent issues at the moment. In the low temperature of minus 10 degrees Celsius, homeless people can only gather in the fields and burn wheat straw to keep warm. There was also a family of 7 who snuggled up in a car for the whole night. Some relief supplies are being delivered to the earthquake zone, but due to the limited quantity, tents are being prioritized for the elderly and children.
According to CCTV news, after all-out rescue from all sides, 88.36% of users in Jishishan County have restored power supply. As of 16:00 on the 19th, 650 tents, 4,080 cotton bedding, 1,604 sets of folding beds, 3,120 cotton coats, 5,000 pairs of cotton shoes, 300 sets of stoves and other emergency supplies have been transported to Jishishan County.
A disaster relief expert said that a large number of emergency supplies are already on the way, and the problems should be greatly improved in the next two days. In the future, we need to pay more attention to how the people in the disaster areas can survive the medium and long-term needs of the long winter. "The cold winter season will last for three months, and that's when it's really hard. ”
医院对伤员展开救治 | 新华社
The horror of minus 15°C is unsettled
When she felt the earthquake coming, Suo Yan was about to pour water for her feet. She owns a small four-story building on the street of Dahejia Town, Jishishan County, and opened a cosmetics store on the first floor, and she lives on the fourth floor with her grandmother at night.
Everything around began to stagger, the lights in the house suddenly went out, Suo Yan came back to her senses, "I feel as if I was hit by something, it's an earthquake!"
Although Suo Yan has also experienced earthquakes, it has never been like this one. "In the past, the windows were rattling at most, but this time it seems to be pushing people down and knocking them down. She described herself as being frozen in an instant, not walking, not standing, not moving. "It was like the sky was falling. ”
Suo Yan remembered her grandmother in the room, who was deaf and couldn't speak. She went back, reached for her phone in the dark, turned on the flashlight, and pulled her grandmother out of bed. The two men didn't even have time to put on their socks, only put on their shoes, and ran out.
It's said to be running, but it's actually climbing. "When I went downstairs, I felt like the whole building was shaking, and I couldn't stand on my feet. Fortunately, Suo Yan's four-story building did not collapse completely, and she and her grandmother made it to the open space outside the building.
Everywhere were people who had escaped from the buildings, some were crying on the ground with quilts, and the dolls were lying on the ground, covered with thin blankets. Suo Yan dragged her grandmother all the way, and all she saw were people crying and shouting all the way. "It was really cold at night and I didn't have socks on. ”
Her son, who was in Xining, Qinghai, called Suo Yan and described her as "crying all the time, unable to speak clearly, like a fool." The son hurried home from 170 kilometers away.
With nowhere to go, Suo Yan's family stayed outside all night. The temperature was too low, minus 15 degrees Celsius, so my son set fire to the dry trees around and made a fire to keep warm, and everyone sat around the burning trees to warm up a little. "A lot of people are burning things to keep warm, tires, garbage, trees, everything. ”
After this night, Suo Yan cried and shouted hoarsely, always trembling unconsciously, and the old man was frightened and his face turned yellow. The next day, the supplies arrived, and bread and instant noodles were distributed in the town square, but the fright of Suo Yan's family still did not dissipate, and they had no appetite, and by 3 pm on the 19th, they had eaten nothing except the two steamed buns they had begged for from friends in the morning.
Suo Yan went back to look at her house, the entire wall had been tilted, and the outer wall skin had fallen off a lot. Entering the house, the inside was already unrecognizable, and she liked to drink tea, and she watched the tea bowl she usually used shattered into the ground. Suo Yan is worried that this small building has become a dilapidated house and can no longer live in it. "This is a loan of 780,000 yuan to buy, and the loan has not been repaid yet. ”
The bad news Suo Yan and her family received were not only from the house, they learned that at least eight relatives had been killed in the earthquake, and that some had been talking to her two days before and disappeared overnight.
At the Dahejia Egg Peel Walnut Plantation Cooperative in Jishishan County, 10 tons of walnuts that had not been sold were buried in the rubble along with the warehouse.
But what makes the person in charge Wu Zuopeng more sad is not the economic loss, but the casualties of employees. In an aftershock an hour after the earthquake struck, one employee was hit by a beam and died instantly, while another was taken to the hospital and died in the morning.
"When the aftershocks happened, he went in and tried to get the machine equipment out, and it happened. The day after the earthquake, Wu Zuopeng rushed back to his home, 5 kilometers away from Dahe Town, and heard that there were more than 100 casualties in the village, and that his neighbor, whom he had known for a long time, had also died. "At 4 p.m. on December 19, the first funeral after the earthquake was held in the village.
Firefighters conducted a search and rescue at the scene Xinhua
Burn the wheat stalks and huddle together to keep warm
Han Ping runs a barbecue restaurant in the center of Dahejia Town, which is usually open until 2 a.m. Han Ping was greeting more than 30 customers in the store when the earthquake struck, "At that time, I heard a loud 'bang' sound, and saw the tables and chairs in the room shaking, and the electricity was cut off almost at the same time." My guests and I ran out onto the road, and there were so many people on the street that many people ran out before they had time to get dressed. ”
Han Ping's barbecue restaurant, 1.7 kilometers from the village of Sibaozi, where he lives, stood on the road until dawn for fear of aftershocks. Along the way, he saw landslides in many mountains, rolling down the sand and soil to occupy half of the lanes, and some village roads were completely blocked by collapsed houses, and bulldozers began to arrive on the morning of the 19th.
When he arrived in the village, he learned that in the low temperature of more than minus ten degrees the night before, the villagers had taken out the quilts from their homes, and the whole village had gathered in the bud rice field to sleep, and kept warm by lighting the bud rice stalks and wheat stalks. In Juji Village, Juji Town, an interviewee told Shen Yidu that in the violent shaking, he took his wife and seven children into his car and drove to an open area to avoid danger, and there were seven or eight cars parked nearby, and their family of seven people huddled in the car and drove the warm wind all night.
Shi Wanjin, head of the Gansu Houtian Emergency Rescue Corps, who was in charge of coordinating the work in the earthquake area, told Shen Yi that the rescue work in some areas has been completed and has been transferred to the transitional resettlement stage. "The main problem is heating, the materials are not enough, and things like cotton tents and quilts are needed, and it is estimated that they can be slowly alleviated in the next two days. ”
At 8 p.m. on December 19, the second night after the earthquake, the local temperature dropped to around minus 16°C. Han Ping said that a total of 800 households in Sibaozi Village, mainly the elderly and children, have not yet been allocated tents, and villagers have gathered in the village square and school playground to heat themselves by burning wheat straw. I can't sleep anymore, so I can only huddle together and get warmer. ”
According to another deep understanding, more than 120 villagers in Kangjiao Village, which is 3 kilometers away from Sibaozi Village, have been allocated a total of 18 resettlement tents, which are set up on the open space where the villagers dry bud rice, wheat and other grains on weekdays, and there are at least 17 people in one tent and more than 20 people at most. Locals said that the few tents were given priority to the elderly and children, and that twenty or thirty young adults gathered in the square to rub their hands and sigh for relocation.
According to CCTV News, as of 16 o'clock on the 19th, 650 tents, 4,080 cotton bedding, 1,604 sets of folding beds, 3,120 cotton coats, 5,000 pairs of cotton shoes, 300 sets of stoves and other central and provincial emergency supplies have been transported to Jishishan County. According to media reports, more than 900 people have been accommodated in the largest temporary resettlement site in Dahejia Township, the hardest-hit town. After dark, the temperature inside the tent remains around 21°C.
Hao Nan, executive vice chairman of the Zhuoming Disaster Information Service Center and the Earthquake Emergency Rescue Professional Committee of the China Disaster Prevention Association, believes that according to the current material allocation situation, many emergency supplies such as tents are currently in transit, and related problems should be improved in the next two days. In the future, we need to pay attention to the medium- and long-term needs of the people in the disaster areas to survive the long winter. "After assessing whether the house can be inhabited and how many are not, it is also necessary to sort out the needs of cold materials such as stoves, fuel, coal, etc. ”
Priority is given to the elderly, women and children in the tents Photo courtesy of the interviewee
It is especially important to strengthen the house
The China Earthquake Administration announced in the early morning of the 19th that the 6.2-magnitude earthquake that occurred in Jishishan County late at night on the 18th had an epicenter mechanism of thrust rupture. The earthquake department is further following up closely.
Xu Xiwei, president of the National Institute of Natural Disaster Prevention and Control and professor of China University of Geosciences, believes that the southeast area of Gannan is located on the eastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and belongs to the north-south seismic zone. "The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau often has such shallow earthquakes with an epicenter of about 10 kilometers, because the underground temperature of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is relatively high, and the thickness of the elastic crust that can breed earthquakes is thinner than that of the eastern region, and the earthquake epicenter is shallow, so the earthquake destructive force will be stronger. ”
Xu Xiwei believes that the heavy casualties caused by the earthquake are related to the poor seismic performance of houses, the relatively dense population in the earthquake area, and the lack of time to evacuate late at night. The intensity of an earthquake is not only related to the energy released by the earthquake (i.e., the magnitude), the depth of the epicenter, and the distance from the epicenter, but also to the engineering geological conditions and building characteristics of the earthquake area.
For example, he said that in 1989, the intensity of the 6.1 magnitude earthquake in Datong Yanggao reached 9 degrees, "At that time, the houses were relatively poor, so all the villages in the extreme earthquake area collapsed." "This 6.2 magnitude earthquake, the intensity of the extreme earthquake area is roughly 8, because the earthquake occurred in the crowd housing area, many of them are old houses in the countryside, the construction quality and seismic performance are relatively poor, resulting in collapse, casualties.
According to the locals in the earthquake area, with the economic development, some villagers began to renovate their houses in the 90s of the last century, and rebuilt them into brick and wood structures, brick and concrete structures. At the time of the earthquake, concrete houses were generally less affected than conventional civil houses. Han Ping said that this was the first time he had experienced such a violent earthquake, "The old man in the family said that he had never seen it in five generations. ”
Sibaozi Village is dominated by self-built houses in rural areas, and the houses are relatively old, which were seriously damaged in the earthquake, most of the walls are seriously cracked, the wall skin is completely peeled off, and many old brick houses have collapsed. At the same time, there were serious casualties in the village, Han Ping said: "There are people who have died in the same village, and there are still no contact with their families." ”
"The earthquake caused the devastating collapse of these houses that had fallen into disrepair. Yan Wei, deputy director of the rescue center of the Gansu Blue Sky Rescue Team who rescued in Dahejia Town, also pointed out the earthquake resistance problem of old houses in rural areas, "There are many earthen walls in the village that are more than 100 years old, many of which have collapsed, and some renovated brick walls have also collapsed. At present, about 70%-80% of the damaged area of villages and towns can be damaged, and the proportion of dilapidated houses can reach 40%-50%, and no one can live in them. ”
"This earthquake has also taught us a lesson, in the danger zone of frequent earthquakes, new houses must be built in accordance with seismic fortification standards, and old houses that do not meet the standards must also be reinforced. Xu Xiwei said.
According to the official Weibo of the National Fire and Rescue Administration, as of 14:30 on the 19th, the national comprehensive fire and rescue team dispatched a total of 2,042 people, 381 vehicles, and 37 dogs to the rescue. Among them, 1,417 people, 252 vehicles and 21 dogs have arrived in the disaster area and are working under the unified leadership of the working group of the National Earthquake Relief Headquarters and the local government.
At present, the on-site fire and rescue forces in Gansu and Qinghai disaster areas have carried out a comprehensive investigation and search of 7 towns, 30 villages, 53 communities and 2,723 households, rescued 74 trapped people, evacuated 4,298 people, explored 885 dangerous houses, 73 geological disaster hidden danger points, set up 209 tents, and eliminated 497 dangers.
(At the request of the interviewee, except for Hao Nan, Xu Xiwei, Yan Wei, and Shi Wanjin, all names in the article have been changed)