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Preface
Du Fu's travels were the source of inspiration for his poetry, and he traveled all over the world and traveled to most of the Tang Dynasty. During the journey, he comprehended the various states of life and the natural phenomena, so in his poems, there is no lack of praise for mountains and rivers and concern for the suffering of the people.
Du Fu's ambitions for himself can be described as grand and firm. What he pursues is not only the brilliant achievements of literature, but also the responsibility of society and the concern for the fate of mankind. In his poems, he expressed his worries about the rise and fall of the country, his concern for the people's livelihood and suffering, and his pursuit of an ideal life. This ambition not only gave his poetry a profound social significance, but also set a noble example for later literary creators.
Poetry saints and poetry immortals
Du Fu and Li Bai's acquaintance can be traced back to the Zhenguan period of the Tang Dynasty. During the Tang Dynasty, Chang'an City was prosperous and full of literature. The two hit it off at first sight and became close friends, and their shared interests and literary pursuits allowed the two to establish a deep friendship in their short time together.
Time flies, and the Tang Dynasty is gradually moving towards dusk. The political situation is changing and the society is in turmoil. A political turmoil broke out, and Li Bai was exiled to the Western Regions because of his involvement. Du Fu felt the pain of parting, and his longing for Li Bai became more and more intense.
"Yu Yidong is a guest, and he is like a brother. Drunk and sleeping in autumn, hand in hand with the day. ”
Li Bai was exiled due to political turmoil, and Du Fu couldn't help but sigh at the unforeseen situation of the situation and the helplessness of his friends. He expressed his longing for Li Bai through poetry, and we saw his deep concern for Li Bai.
The Anshi Rebellion and the fate of Du Fu
Du Fu once participated in the imperial examination of the Tang Dynasty, hoping to realize his ideal ambition by entering the office. However, he failed to make the list several times, and these experiences deeply pierced Du Fu's heart, and also made him deeply feel the injustice and limitations of the imperial court bureaucracy.
His experience in officialdom has not been smooth. Due to his repeated failures and his straightforward and uncompromising personality, he was unable to achieve a high position in the officialdom, which also reflected the limitations of the imperial court on the literati and the control of speech at the time.
After the outbreak of the Anshi Rebellion, the entire country was plunged into turmoil and suffering. Du Fu experienced this period and witnessed with his own eyes the hardships and disasters brought by the war to the people. He traveled through troubled times, witnessing the burning of war and the displacement of people. These experiences deeply touched Du Fu and inspired him to care about the suffering of the people and worry about social unrest.
What Du Fu saw and heard in the troubled times became the source of inspiration for his poetry. His poems are full of reflections on the current situation and a call for the suffering of the people. He used poetry to express his feelings about the troubled times and his worries about the rise and fall of the country, and became one of the most authentic recorders of that era.
The background and satire of "Giving Flowers".
In 761 AD, Duan Zizhang, the assassin of Zizhou, sent troops to attack Li Huan, the envoy of Dongchuan Jiedu. The imperial court sent Hua Jingding to quell the rebellion. Hua Jingding performed well and made great achievements. However, in opposition to his military exploits was his pride. During the war, Hua Jingding was also criticized for his overbearing and greedy behavior by using chaos for personal gain, killing innocents indiscriminately and plundering the people.
"Jincheng silk pipe day after day, half into the river wind and half into the clouds. This song should only be in the sky, how many times can the world hear it?"
Du Fu was deeply disgusted by Hua Jingding's misconduct, and this sentiment is fully expressed in his poems. In the poem "Giving Flowers", Du Fu expressed his dissatisfaction with Hua Jingding and his heartache for the generals in troubled times in a satirical tone.
Du Fu used the technique of combining fiction and reality in "Giving Flowers", and created an atmosphere of blending fiction and reality through the cross-narration of Hua Jingding's military exploits and misdeeds. This technique makes the poem more layered, allowing readers to better understand Du Fu's attitude towards flowers in a complex historical context.
epilogue
Du Fu is known as the "poet immortal", and his poems are known for their bold, passionate and impassioned style, and at the same time contain profound reflections on social reality. In poems such as "Giving Flowers", through the description of individual characters and events, the changes of the entire era are reflected. Du Fu's poems express his unique views on ideals and reality, loyalty and betrayal, suffering and tenacity, and provide rich ideological resources for later literary creation.