Sentence | Kibōharu
Edit | Xi Panqing
Preface
The famous scenic spots in China, except for those cultural monuments with a strong historical atmosphere, most of the rest are all kinds of landscapes.
From ancient times to the present, the landscape has been inextricably linked with the traditional culture of the mainland, especially those poets and singers who shine in the long river of history.
Even several major religions in the mainland are closely linked to mountains and rivers, such as Buddhism's Wutai Mountain, Putuo Mountain, Emei Mountain and other "China's five famous Buddhist mountains", and Taoism also has "China's four famous mountains".
Among the countless majestic mountains in China, there is a big mountain known as "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism", and its reputation is extremely loud.
But the strange thing is that it is obviously the first mountain of Chinese Taoism, but this mountain is not among the "famous mountains of China's four great avenues".
What is going on? What are the four famous mountains of Taoism and the first mountain of Chinese Taoism?
The Four Great Mountains of Taoism in China
Taoism is the only indigenous religion in the mainland, which originated from Lao Tzu's "Taoist thought".
During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling founded the "Zhengtian Shidao", and Taoism spread out from there, forming the largest and most complex religious system in the mainland, and Zhang Daoling was also respected by the Taoist people as "Taoist ancestor".
Since the establishment of Taoism, Taoist temples have begun to be built on various famous mountains, and those mountains with famous Taoist dojos are also known as "Taoist holy places" or "Taoist famous mountains".
Among them, there are 4 most famous Taoist holy places, so the famous mountains where these 4 dojos are located are also collectively known as the "Famous Mountains of China's Four Great Daoism".
The four famous mountains are Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi Province, Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan Province and Qiyun Mountain in Anhui Province.
The dojos on these four famous mountains are dedicated to famous Taoist gods such as Dao Ancestor, Zhenwu Emperor, Daode Tianzun, and Guangyuan Pudu Tianzun.
As the "land of alchemy" of Daozu Zhang Daoling, Longhu Mountain, located in Yingtan City, Jiangxi Province, can be said to be the first of the four famous mountains of Taoism.
Because this is not only a dojo dedicated to the Taoist ancestor Zhang Daoling, but also a place where the heavenly masters of the past dynasties lived, it was called the "ancestral garden" by the Taoist Zhengyi faction.
Today's Longhu Mountain is not only a Taoist holy place, but also one of the "5A-level scenic spots" jointly selected by the tourism and cultural departments of the mainland.
Another famous mountain in Taoism is Wudang Mountain, which is known as "the first immortal mountain in the world".
This is not only the dojo of the Taoist immortal Zhenwu Emperor, but also the habitat of the Wudang faction that appears in various novels, film and television dramas, Lu Dongbin in the Eight Immortals, and Zhang Sanfeng, the patriarch of the Wudang faction, have all chosen this place as a place for cultivation.
Today's Wudang Mountain is also a famous 5A-level scenic spot in China, and the ancient buildings of the Wudang School are listed as "National Key Cultural Relics Protection Units" by the state.
In Dujiangyan City, Chengdu, Sichuan, there is a famous Taoist mountain called "Qingcheng Mountain", which is the holy place of the Quanzhen Longmen sect in mainland Taoism.
It is said that the ancestor Zhang Daoling, is in this mountain to practice enlightenment, and finally feathered into immortals, once the descendants of the Heavenly Master of Longhu Mountain, have personally come to this mountain to worship.
Because of the surrounding mountains and lush trees, Qingcheng Mountain is always a cool and quiet appearance, and has always had the reputation of "Qingcheng is secluded in the world".
The last Taoist famous mountain, located in Xiuning County, under the jurisdiction of Anhui Province, because from a distance, the top of this mountain seems to be connected with the sky, and the white clouds are level side by side, so it is named "Qiyun Mountain".
During the Qing Dynasty, Qianlong personally inscribed Qiyun Mountain, calling this mountain "the unparalleled place in the world, the first mountain in the south of the Yangtze River".
It is strange that these four famous Taoist mountains go hand in hand, and their reputation is resounding at home and abroad, but after all, they only belong to the ranks of "famous Taoist mountains", but there is no mountain that dares to call itself "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism".
Just because of the name of "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism", it has long been beowned.
But what is puzzling is that it is clearly known as a mountain of Chinese Taoism, but that mountain is not listed among the "four famous mountains of Chinese Taoism", what is the reason for this?
The first mountain of Chinese Taoism
This famous mountain, which has the reputation of "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism", is Kongtong Mountain located in Pingliang City, Gansu Province.
For the name of this mountain, many people will not be unfamiliar, after all, in Master Jin Yong's martial arts novels, one of the "Eight Great Schools" has the Kongtong School.
And this Kongtong faction is not fiction, but like the Wudang faction, in the name of the mountain, it is a famous martial arts school with a long history in China, but the legend of the "Seven Wounds Fist" that injured the enemy a thousand and damaged eight hundred is really just a fiction.
The reason why Kongtong Mountain can be called "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism" is because this place is the place where the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of Chinese humanities, asked.
According to the legend, Kongtong Mountain is one of the twelve golden immortals of Taoism Guangchengzi's dojo, in order to achieve the great rule of the world, the Yellow Emperor specially visited Kongtong Mountain, asked Yu Guangchengzi, and finally realized the truth of the world, the world is governed in an orderly manner.
This legend has continued from ancient times to the present, so since the Qin and Han dynasties, there have been Taoist temples on Kongtong Mountain one after another.
In the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, because Emperor Jiajing was bent on asking, he built a Taoist temple on Kongtong Mountain, and the incense was flourishing every day.
But when the Qing Dynasty was in Tongzhi, most of the Taoist temples of Kongtong Mountain were destroyed in the war, although they were rebuilt again in the future, but the scale was far less than before.
Now it is located on the mountainside of Kongtong Mountain, after many dynasties, the "Wendao Palace" that has been rebuilt many times is the place where the Yellow Emperor asked Guangchengzi according to legend.
It is precisely because of this relationship that Kongtong Mountain has won the title of "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism".
After all, the Yellow Emperor is the ancestor of Chinese humanities, and Guangchengzi is one of the twelve golden immortals of Taoism, and legend has it that Guangchengzi is also one of the "incarnations" of Taishang Laojun.
And Taishang Laojun's identity in the world is the Taoist Taoist ancestor Lao Tzu, with this layer of relationship, Kongtong Mountain is known as "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism" is naturally understandable.
The first mountain does not enter the four famous mountains
But the strange thing is that Kongtong Mountain, which is obviously known as the "first mountain of Chinese Taoism", has not even occupied one of the "four famous mountains of Chinese Taoism".
Even compared with the four famous mountains that have long become famous scenic spots in China, although Kongtong Mountain is also a "5A-level" scenic spot selected by the state, it seems to be a little unknown in comparison.
So why is that?
In fact, the reason is very simple, because although Kongtong Mountain is the "first mountain of Chinese Taoism", in the eyes of Taoists, this mountain is not so "pure".
Because there is a famous scenic spot on Kongtong Mountain, called "Sanjiao Cave", which enshrines not only the Taoist ancestor Lao Tzu, but also the Confucian holy master Confucius, and the Buddhist Buddha Shakyamuni.
In other words, Kongtong Mountain is not a simple Taoist holy place, but a real sense of "three religions coexist".
The real reason for this situation can be traced back to the Han Dynasty to the Wei and Jin dynasties.
At that time, Zhang Daoling, the ancestor of Taoism, had just founded the Zhengtian Shidao, and with the help of Taoist thought, Taoism was born, and Buddhism had just spread to the Central Plains.
Therefore, the three religions have successively settled on Kongtong Mountain, exchanged with each other and tested each other, perhaps the situation of "three religions standing" in later generations has had eyebrows since then.
epilogue
It is precisely because of this situation of "coexistence of three religions" that Kongtong Mountain will bear the title of "the first mountain of Chinese Taoism", but it is not much welcomed by Taoist people, and in the end even the "four famous mountains of Chinese Taoism" have failed to occupy a place.
Just because compared with the coexistence of the three religions in Kongtong Mountain, the four famous mountains have always been independent of Taoism.