1. Where do soil enzymes come from?
1. Plant roots secrete soil enzymes in the roots of plants in order to better absorb nutrients.
2. Microorganisms release and secrete some microorganisms that can secrete enzymes, which can promote the better development of plant roots.
3. The soil fauna releases less soil enzymes released through the fauna, for example, there are soil enzymes in the feces of earthworms.
4. Animal and plant residues release litter, as well as dead animals and microorganisms can release soil enzymes.
2. What are the soil enzymes?
In general, there are 6 main categories of soil enzymes
1. Oxidoreductases
2. Hydrolase enzymes
3. Transferases
4. Lyases
5. Synthases
6. Isomerases
In general, the first four enzymes are the most studied, while oxidoreductases and hydrolases in soil are the two most widely studied enzymes.
3. What is the role of soil enzymes?
01Soil enzymes are involved in various metabolic processes and energy conversion
Soil enzymes are one of the components of soil. The activity of soil enzymes in the soil reflects the movement and intensity of various biochemical processes carried out in the soil, and although the number is small, the action is very powerful.
02Soil enzymes are an important indicator for judging soil fertility
The core of soil quality is soil productivity, which is based on soil fertility, and the activity of soil enzymes is an important indicator to judge soil fertility. It reflects the transformation ability of nutrients in the soil and the size of biological activity in the soil, it participates in various metabolic processes and energy conversion in the soil, is an important part of soil biochemical characteristics, and is an important index to evaluate soil fertility.
03Accelerate the transformation of organic matter in the soil
Soil enzymes can promote the formation of humus and organic and inorganic colloids in the soil, which can form more aggregate structures, and can also form macromolecular substances into the smallest unit that plants can absorb and utilize. For example, urease can promote the hydrolysis of the amide peptide bonds of the nitrogen-containing organic compound - urea molecule in the soil, and the ammonia produced is one of the sources of nitrogen nutrition for plants; Phosphatase can promote the decomposition of organophosphorus compounds and provide effective phosphorus for plants; Iron and manganese reductase can enzymatically promote the transformation of iron and manganese in the soil to facilitate plant absorption.
04 Detoxification
We all know that crops will accumulate certain autotoxic substances in the process of continuous cropping, and soil enzymes can decompose these substances that are harmful to plant roots and soil microecological environment; On the other hand, catalase can also break down the hydrogen peroxide produced during the respiration of all organisms in the soil, reducing the harm of hydrogen peroxide to plants.
05Help crops better absorb nutrients
Soil enzymes can compete for mineral elements from the soil colloids and turn them into soluble, mobile nutrients for plants to absorb and utilize.
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