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In the mainland, many people have this puzzle: why does a minor illness seem cheap, but a major illness costs a lot of money?
Why go to the hospital to see a doctor, have to wait in line, and even have to register to grab the number? Why is the relationship between doctors and patients becoming increasingly tense?
Behind these problems, in fact, they all reflect some problems and challenges in the mainland's medical and health system.
In order to solve these problems and improve the health level and satisfaction of the people, the mainland is undergoing profound reform of the medical and health system.
So what is the background, content and goals of this reform? What is the impact and significance for us ordinary people?
First, the background of the reform of the medical and health system
The reform of the medical and health system is not a whim decision, but is based on the objective needs of the mainland's socio-economic development and population health changes.
As life expectancy increases, we also face new challenges. On the one hand, the problem of population aging is becoming increasingly prominent.
It is expected that by 2035, the mainland will enter a super-aging society (that is, more than 20% of the elderly population aged 65 and above).
Aging will not only increase the demand and burden of social pension, medical care, nursing and other aspects, but also affect the sustainability of labor supply, economic growth, social security and other aspects.
On the other hand, the incidence and mortality of chronic non-communicable diseases (such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors, etc.) are increasing.
Chronic diseases have become the number one killer of mainland residents' health, causing huge economic losses and social burdens.
These changes show that the mainland has entered a new stage of health and health development.
This requires deepening the reform of the medical and health system and building a health and health service system that meets the requirements of the new era.
Second, the key tasks in four aspects
The reform of the medical and health system is a systematic project, involving medical insurance, medicine, hospitals, doctors and other aspects.
In order to promote the orderly progress of reform, the mainland has formulated a series of planning and policy documents, clarifying the overall thinking and main tasks of reform.
The first is to improve the basic medical security system, which is an important institutional arrangement to ensure the basic medical needs of the people and prevent poverty caused by illness.
At present, the mainland has established a basic medical insurance system covering the whole people, including basic medical insurance for urban workers, basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, and serious illness insurance.
At the same time, it has also established a multi-level supplementary guarantee mechanism such as medical assistance and commercial health insurance.
The second is to optimize the drug supply guarantee system, the drug supply guarantee system is an important factor affecting the people's drug supply security system and affecting the people's drug safety and burden.
At present, the mainland has established a drug supply guarantee system with the basic drug system as the core, achieving universal coverage and zero-difference sales of essential drugs.
At the same time, a variety of mechanisms have been established such as the centralized procurement and use of drugs organized by the state, and the adjustment of medical insurance payment standards and catalogs, which have promoted the reasonable reduction of drug prices and the effective improvement of quality.
Promote the reform of the essential drug system, improve the list of essential drugs, increase clinically necessary, effective, safe and economical drugs, and standardize the production, circulation, use and supervision of essential drugs.
Deepen the pilot of centralized procurement and use of drugs organized by the state, expand the scope of the pilot, increase the variety of the pilot, improve the procurement method and price formation mechanism, and improve the efficiency and fairness of procurement.
Strengthen the adjustment of medical insurance payment standards and catalogs, promptly include newly marketed innovative drugs and urgently needed drugs, reasonably determine payment standards, control total expenditure, and guide rational drug use.
Accelerate the establishment of a drug supply guarantee system with quality as the core, strengthen drug quality supervision, increase the intensity of investigation and handling of violations of laws and regulations, and improve the level of drug quality and safety.
The third is to reform the operating mechanism of public hospitals, which are the main body and important part of mainland medical and health services.
At present, the mainland has established a medical service network with public hospitals as the main body, covering all kinds of people at all levels in urban and rural areas.
At the same time, a medical teaching and scientific research base with public hospitals as the main body has been established, and a large number of excellent medical personnel and scientific researchers have been trained.
Promote the reform of the management system of public hospitals, establish a modern hospital management system, implement a corporate governance structure, improve the internal management mechanism, and improve the decision-making, implementation and supervision capabilities.
The fourth is to develop a hierarchical diagnosis and treatment and family doctor system, which is an important part of building a health and health service system characterized by prevention-oriented, hierarchical diagnosis and treatment, two-way referral, and acute and slow treatment.
At present, the mainland has promoted graded diagnosis and treatment and family doctor contracting services nationwide, and established a health management model based on the grassroots, relying on the community and taking the family as the unit.
In order to further develop the graded diagnosis and treatment and family doctor system and improve the capacity and level of primary medical and health services, the mainland will take the following measures.
Strengthen the construction of grassroots medical and health institutions, and improve the level of hardware facilities and software of grassroots medical and health institutions.
Increase the quantity and quality of primary medical and health personnel, and improve primary medical and health service items and standards.
epilogue
In fact, the reform of the medical and health system is a people's livelihood project that benefits hundreds of millions of people, and it is also a strategic project related to the long-term development of the country.
It is both an inevitable choice to meet the challenges of today and a necessary condition for realizing the vision of the future.
It is not only an important measure to protect people's health rights and interests, but also an important means to promote social fairness and justice.
It is not only an important part of improving the capacity and level of national governance, but also an important support for promoting high-quality development and building a modern power.
What do you think? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area and discuss this topic with me.