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The Song Dynasty, a golden age that represented the prosperity of ancient China. During this historical period, the economy flourished and the culture flourished, which was one of the pinnacles of traditional Chinese culture. In many fields, such as literature and art, handicraft art, architecture, etc., the Song Dynasty left a rich legacy. Among them, the architectural culture of the Song Dynasty is particularly eye-catching.
Among the many master architects, Li Yi is a highly respected expert, and his masterpiece "Building the French Style" profoundly depicts the unique characteristics of Chinese architecture during the Song Dynasty, not only recording architectural techniques, but also combining architecture and cultural development trends. This book stimulates people to think about whether the architecture of the Song Dynasty can represent the traditional Chinese architectural culture, and whether people can peek into the profound connotation of Chinese culture behind these structures.
The aesthetic style of Song dynasty architecture has always been considered simple and elegant. The clothing, poetry, and home decoration of the entire period all reflect this aesthetic characteristic. The Song Dynasty valued culture and respected the spiritual world, thus pursuing a minimalist style in the material world. This cultural background laid the foundation for the architecture of the Song Dynasty.
The representative landscape gardens and temples are outstanding examples of Song Dynasty architecture. They perfectly blend natural scenery and artificial landscapes, emphasizing natural interest and focusing on the divine meaning. For example, the architectural style of Lingyin Temple reflects the views of the famous architect Li Yi in "Building French Style". Nestled by mountains and waters, the temple coexists harmoniously with the natural environment, creating a style of integration with nature.
The architecture of landscape gardens and temples inspired the literary creation of the literati, who expressed the same aesthetic and connotation as the subject. Through landscape poetry and painting of natural scenery, they create an artistic conception of perfect integration of artificial architecture and natural landscape. Although these landscapes are artificially created, they are integrated with the surrounding natural environment, reflecting the unity of the spiritual world and the material world in Chinese culture.
Urban architecture also developed rapidly during the Song Dynasty. Economic prosperity and population growth led to rapid urban expansion. Especially in Beijing, the population is expanding, land resources are scarce, and the space for housing construction has become extremely limited. "Building the French Style" pointed out that the design of houses in Beijing seeks to make full use of land resources. The spacing between houses is reduced, and the space of each house is maximized. This compact urban planning can also be seen in some modern cities. The urgency and pressure of large cities stems from population growth and land scarcity.
Another notable aspect is the ancestral hall, which reflects ethical concepts and family culture. The ancestral hall is divided into a shrine dedicated to the living and a shrine dedicated to the ancestors. The interior of the ancestral hall is decorated with statues of ancestors and their life deeds, which embody traditional Chinese ethics and values of respecting ancestors.
Corresponding to Chinese culture, Song Dynasty architecture has a deep connection. Although it cannot represent all traditional Chinese culture, the architectural culture of the Song Dynasty plays an important role in it. The inclusiveness of Chinese culture is reflected in the harmony with architectural culture, which complement each other and form a rich and colorful picture of Chinese culture.
Poetic records were an important part of Song dynasty culture. The Song Dynasty was full of cultural atmosphere, and many poets and lyricists added brilliant colors to the culture of this period. Their works became historical sources of Song Dynasty architecture, reflecting the unique characteristics of architecture. The poet Su Shi is one of them, and his works use pavilions as the theme, emphasizing the nihilism and ethereal nature of architecture, fully reflecting the influence of Taoist culture.
All in all, Building French Style provides us with an insight into Song Dynasty architecture. The book not only documents technology and craftsmanship, but also shows a deep connection to culture. The architectural culture of the Song Dynasty has rich exploration and research value, allowing us to better understand this era full of historical heritage.
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