The Yulu I know
Rui Ji V
In the second year of the Republic of China, I was 20 years old and had just graduated from Guisui Middle School. The middle school hall of Gui Sui was relatively deep according to the curriculum at that time, which is equivalent to the current high school curriculum. It is the highest institution in the province. After I graduated from the school, because there was no other way out, I found the only way out for the Tuqi Meng people - a military career.
Therefore, there is an understanding of Yulu's military rank and history. I will now present what I know about the relevant information for the reference of the chronicle department.
Before talking about his history, I would like to briefly describe the historical situation of Suiyuan City. "Guisui" is the capital of Suiyuan, divided into two cities, the new city is Suiyuan City, the old city is the naturalized city, and the two together are the current Inner Mongolia Hohhot.
At that time (that is, 2 years before the Republic of China), the main palace sitting in the naturalized city was a deputy capital, a Manchu with the rank of second-grade palace in the Qing Dynasty, named Lin Shou. According to the original 12 councillors (commonly known as Garada) of the Tumut Banner, all of them were subordinate to the vice-capital system. They must be summoned to discuss and study important matters. However, these participants are all famous and have no rights, and they cannot handle many things themselves, and they must apply for this capital to decide.
It shows that these counselors are like abacus beads, swinging with others. And Suiyuan City was held by a general, he was a great general with the rank of Manchu Qing Yipin Palace, named Kunxiu. According to the Qing Dynasty system, he was a high-ranking official in the border hall and had great authority in military politics. More than 90 percent of the people living in Suiyuan City belong to the Manchurian banner people, and these banner people are divided into red, yellow, blue banner and other names.
The living conditions of these people were very generous to them by the Qing court, and the living expenses required were completely paid by the general Yamen treasury in Suiyuan City. All the men, women, and children, as well as newborn children, have a certain number of different amounts.
The most superior is the "vest", which is the standing army of the Manchurian flag, because its life is very superior, so these people have developed the habit of eating lazily, not doing business, and wandering freely. The inhabitants of the naturalized city include Han, Mongolian, Hui and other ethnic groups. This is the actual situation of the old and new cities in those years.
Speaking of the army, the army of the Tumut flag at that time had only one infantry battalion strength, and its name was the Second Army Infantry Battalion. The commander of this battalion is named Fa Yi, Zirenshan, a Tumut bannerman; The name of the camp is Futan, Zilanting, and it is my uncle.
There are only more than 600 officers and men in the whole battalion, and the monthly salaries of officers and men are all raised and paid within the coal tax of the Tumut banner. The first battalion of the army infantry was formed by the Manchus of Suiyuan City, and the army of this battalion was slightly expanded, including an artillery company.
At that time, the army of the old and new cities was just like this, sharing the responsibility of patrolling, catching and stealing and other security aspects of the two cities. At this time, Yulu served as a second lieutenant platoon commander of the second battalion of infantry. In the winter of the second year of the Republic of China, after Zhang Shao was transferred to the post of general of Suiyuan, he immediately brought more than 100 guards to serve as left and right guards for him.
At the same time, he also ordered Tumut Banner to add a battalion of cavalry to replenish the strength of Suiyuan. The first battalion commander of this cavalry battalion was Fortan. The battalion was formed in private horse teams. What is a private horse team? That is, anyone who goes to serve in the army must take his own private horse and be allowed to join the army after passing the examination of the centaurs.
It took more than a month for this cavalry battalion to be organized. At that time, the whole battalion was divided into four companies, each with about 100 officers and men. The vast majority of the officers and soldiers were Mongolians of the Tuqi.
It was Nian Yulu who was transferred from the 2nd Infantry Battalion to the company commander of the 3rd Company of the 2nd Ma Battalion. At that time, the Mongolian people of Tuqi could not find any other way out of life, so they had to become soldiers and eat food. As for the local authorities, etc., it is even less Mongol.
But mention the Mongols and be rejected at the moment. Therefore, the Mongol nation was also the most oppressed nation in the Manchu Qing Dynasty and until the warlord rule after the Xinhai Revolution.
Under the oppression of that reactionary rule, Yulu was also often dissatisfied. But because he didn't have much power and didn't support his backstage, he had to endure. After the formation of the cavalry battalion, Zhang Shao had to train another gendarme company, hoping to control the battalions. The gendarmerie company is organized by selecting from the horse infantry battalion, and each company requires four soldiers with a little literacy.
When the number of such selections was not enough, it was replenished from the first town under Meng Xiaozeng's command. At that time, these gendarmes were trained in the academy in the south gate of the new city. Zhang Shao's purpose in coaching this gendarmerie company was to use it as a unit he had cultivated and rely on it to control these officers and soldiers in the two cities of Guisui.
At this time, Zhang Shao ordered all the second battalion of Ma to go to the area around Houshan in Wuchuan County and stationed separately. At that time, the troops were deployed in this way: the headquarters of the second battalion was stationed in Kezhen City (present-day Wuchuan County), and it was immediately launched after receiving orders; The third company of the shilling (i.e., the Yulu Company) was stationed in the village of Lujia ××, and the other companies were stationed separately.
After Yulu arrived in ×× village, he was very close to the people in the village. He used to say to the people, "If my officers and soldiers harass you, you can always tell me, and I will be your master and not let them mess around." ”
Since then, the officers and men of the company and the local people have gotten along very well and united very closely. Yulu also often said to his subordinates: "Now that we have left the control of our superiors, we finally have the right to control everything in our hands." To be able to do something beneficial to the people (referring to the Mongolian people) is worthy of the heroic spirit that life should have in the world. ”
One day his company headquarters suddenly came with two lamas, claiming to interview the company commander. They met and talked for a while, and Yulu ordered the messenger to find another room, and only the three of them talked secretly for three or four hours. After dinner, they talked secretly for a few more hours, and the two lamas resigned the next day. At that time, no one knew who the two lamas were, nor did they know what they were here for.
Afterwards, I learned that the two lamas, one named Longtu and the other named the Dalai Lama, were both originally from Tumut banner and were lamas from a certain temple. After the Cullen incident, the two of them went to Outer Mongolia. The purpose of their coming this time was to collude with Yulu to lead the team to surrender Outer Mongolia.
Since the lama left, Yulu's actions have been somewhat unusual. One day in the November of the old calendar in the second year of the Republic of China, he suddenly ordered the palace soldiers of the whole company to urgently assemble and march towards the Hundred Spirit Temple.
After the troops gathered, Yulu addressed everyone and said: "This time our team has a mission to go to the Hundred Spirit Temple, and there may be a war in the near future, but don't be afraid, our guns and ammunition have a way." We must all have a firm determination that our future will be bright. The news reached Kezhen City on the same day. People talk about it, talk about it, and they say different things. At this time, the battalion headquarters sent two cavalry soldiers to visit Lujia ×× Village at night.
The next day, the scouts reported that the officers and men of the entire company of the third company had indeed mutinied to the Bailing Temple and did not commit any offense against the local autumn. When the battalion commander heard the news, he hurriedly submitted a written report. At that time, Suiyuan had a small number of troops under the high commander of the Shanxi Jin Army Zhao Youqing, with few major generals and insufficient ammunition. Fortunately, in combination with some local troops, they raised troops and went straight to the direction of the Hundred Spirit Temple to suppress Yulu's team.
After the arrival of these troops, from the second month of the old calendar in the third year of the Republic of China (that is, 1914), the two sides had fierce battles, and they fought for half a year, but did not annihilate Yulu's troops, on the contrary, the officials and troops were increasingly frustrated, and finally withdrew to Suiyuan. Yulu still guards the Hundred Spirit Temple.
At this time, because Jin Sui was dividing the region, the military and political personnel of the Jin army system were ordered to leave Sui and all were transferred back to Shanxi. In October of the 3rd year of the Republic of China, the army of the 20th town marched to the Bailing Temple, planning to annihilate Yulu in one month.
The town is a regular army, well-armed, and an infantry artillery battalion, with plenty of ammunition, and after the engagement, there were fierce battles almost every day. At this time, the climate on the grassland was extremely cold, and the officers and men of the 20 towns fought in the ice and snow every day, and it was difficult to eat, clothing, shelter and transportation, and the soldiers complained and their morale was low.
On the 1st, Yulu's army suddenly retreated, and the town's army pursued it bravely. Yulu divided the army into three groups, with the main force launching a counterattack to the front, and the left and right flanks responding, adopting an encirclement posture.
The army of the 20 towns, because of the unfamiliar geography, drove straight in, was cut off by the Yulu troops, the position was attacked on several sides, and finally abandoned their weapons and fled, some were disoriented and captured and shot, and when they were about to return to the Hundred Spirit Temple, their morale was depressed, and they could not afford to fight again, and the pawns set fire to the Great Temple of the Hundred Spirit Temple, looted it, and then retreated to Suiyuan. The Great Temple is a temple with a long history, with many cultural relics and hundreds of lamas.
The burning of the temple by the Beiyang army caused great indignation among the local Mongolian people and the Maharaja Lama. Yulubu won a big victory in this battle, capturing countless guns and ammunition, and at the same time Outer Mongolia also brought him a batch of Russian-made Lianzhu rifles, and his morale was even stronger. At this time, some people advocated taking advantage of the victory to attack the officials and troops in Suiyuan. Yulu did not agree.
Since then, the Suiyuan authorities have changed the eradication to appeasement. The Tuqi General Administration Office in conjunction with the Naturalized City Chamber of Commerce will handle the collection work. At that time, Tuqi appointed Yi Sen, Sen and Duan Jingzhai, president of the Chamber of Commerce, to be in charge.
They first went to the headquarters of the second battalion of Ma in Kezhen to consult with the battalion commander Futan, and then sent someone to inform Yulu, informing him of all matters related to the repression this time, and explaining that the Suiyuan Chamber of Commerce was fully responsible. After detailed discussions with his subordinates, Yulu decided to accept the appeasement.
First of all, Zhu Hai proposed that four teams of palace soldiers, numbering more than 400, should be organized, and the names of the guerrillas should be requested, and they demanded that one month's salary be issued first to show encouragement. After receiving the report, the Suiyuan authorities granted the request.
After the winter of this year, the bandit leader Lu Zhankui went from Suidong Longsheng Zhuang to the area of Houshan Mountain, killing people and setting fire, and the road was ruined. Yulu ordered the Lu bandits to be suppressed. In 1917 (that is, the sixth year of the Republic of China), the number of Lu bandits expanded to more than 2,000, and the momentum was even more arrogant. At this time, the Yulu Department was reorganized into the Fourth Road Garrison, with Yulu as the commander, still undertaking the task of suppressing bandits.
In 1920 (the ninth year of the Republic of China), Ma Fuxiang was appointed as the commander of Suiyuan, and the Yulu Department was transferred to the area around Suidong Datan, and reorganized into the Suiyuan Cavalry Supplementary Regiment. In the same year, it was transferred to Baotou and organized as the ninth detachment, with a total of three cavalry regiments, and the leader of the detachment was Li Hexiang. All three regiments were commanded by him, and later marched to Yulin in northern Shaanxi as a local aid force for Shaanxi. In the tenth year of the Republic of China, he was transferred back to Baotou and stationed separately.
In June 1911, the bandit leaders Yang Monkey Xiao, Zhao Youlu and other bandits besieged Baotou, the situation was critical, Yulu transferred troops to fight with the bandits, and fought from noon until sunset, before the bandits retreated.
In this battle, the multi-talented captain under Yulu fought bravely and tenaciously, and several soldiers with his entourage died heroically. Since then, the bandits have retreated, Baotou has not been breached, and the lives and property of the people of the city have been guaranteed, which is indeed the result of timely reinforcement by Yulu's troops.
In 1924 (the thirteenth year of the Republic of China), Li Mingzhong came to Sui, and Shi You came to Bao. The bandit brothers will gather together, and the place will be quiet for a day. Yulu personally led his one, three or two companies to Hexi to suppress the bandits, and encountered the bandits at Yang Sanhubu.
In the fierce battle, Yulu was injured, and the soldiers only cared about protecting Yulu, and were immediately surrounded by bandits and captured Yulu. Everyone discussed the presentation of a mask and the selection of the interim acting head of delegation.
It was unanimously agreed that Adjutant Mantai would act as temporary deputy. While the quarrel was raging, suddenly the soldiers reported that the bandits had fled outside Nanliang, and learned that the regiment commander had been killed, and left the corpse behind. After the local people sent people to collect the corpses, Mantai immediately selected 20 cavalrymen, a member of the platoon leader, and escorted the corpses to Baotou for proper arrangements.
At this time, Shi Yousan asked Sui Province to pay 3,000 yuan for funeral expenses, and all the descendants of the jade regiment leader were completely cultivated by the state to comfort the heroic soul.
The above is a little historical overview of Yulu that I know, there are omissions and inappropriateness, and those who understand Shangxi society supplement and criticize it.