Ma Dai: How beautiful it was when killing Wei Yan, how bleak the rest of his life was

How beautiful it was when he killed Wei Yan, how bleak the rest of his life would be! Ma Dai is Ma Chao's heir, but once he kills the general Wei Yan and Yang Yi dies, his end can only be marginalized; fortunately, Shu Han's ambition to "revitalize the Han Room" is not completely lost one day, and Ma Dai will not be completely abandoned by Shu Han!

Ma Dai's position in the Shu state

Liu Bei had a turbulent half life, since the Yellow Turban Rebellion, starting from the northern Youzhou Zhuo County, and later entered Xuzhou, and then stayed in Runan, Yuzhou for a few days, in middle age, dependent on Liu Biao, trapped in Jingzhou Xinye for 7 years, after Cao Cao went south, he took advantage of the situation to occupy most of Jingzhou, and finally had a foothold, and then entered Yizhou in his old age.

Because Liu Bei had long been in exile and sent people to the fence, his subordinates had complex sources, including Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, who had followed him since the beginning of the army, and Mi Zhu, who had donated hundreds of millions of family wealth during the Xuzhou period, and there was no shortage of native families who had defected after occupying Jingzhou and Yizhou.

During Liu Bei's reign as emperor, in general, there were four major factions under Liu Bei's command, namely the Elder Clan, the Jingzhou Clan, the Dongzhou Clan, and the Yizhou Clan.

As the name suggests, the Elder Lineage was Liu Bei's earliest followers, including Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Mi Zhu and others, mainly referring to the civilian generals who had been following Liu Bei before entering Jingzhou, who were Liu Bei's core strength and most loyal generals.

The Jingzhou clan was a powerful member of the Jingzhou local clan when Liu Bei entered Jingzhou, or after he defected to Liu Bei, and although Zhuge Liang was a member of the Zhuge family of Langya, he was deeply involved with the jingzhou families, so he was the main representative of the Jingzhou faction. Ma Chen, Ma Liang, Jiang Huan, and others who were trusted by Zhuge Liang were all from the Jingzhou clan, as were Huang Zhong and Wei Yan, who were born as military generals.

The so-called "Dongzhou system" actually has to start from Liu Yan's time, since Liu Yan, as the emperor, proposed to restart the "state pastoral", he entered Shu alone and was able to divide Yizhou for decades, relying on the "Dongzhou soldiers" in his hands, mainly Liu Yan recruited displaced people, these displaced people from Nanyang and the Three Auxiliary Generation, because of the war in the Central Plains, this exiled to Yizhou, became the main force of Liu Yan's suppression of Yizhou's native heroes, represented by Wu Yi, Fazheng, Li Yan, and Meng Da.

The last Yizhou faction is the yizhou native Hao clan, when Liu Bei first entered Yizhou, because the foreign forces were too strong, so it was not conspicuous, with the establishment of the Shu Han, the foreign faction gradually weakened, and the local haoqiang became strong again, such as Li Hui, Ma Zhong, and Wang Pingren in the late Shu Han Dynasty.

However, there are still some people who do not belong to these four major factions, and some can even form a lineage of their own, because they have important significance to the Shu Han, such as Ma Chao.

When Ma Chao defected to Liu Bei, almost all the soldiers and horses were beaten up, and he killed his own father, and was destroyed by Cao Cao, but after Liu Bei became king, he still named Ma Chao "General zuo", and the empress dowager was even made a general of the hussaries, although the power was not heavy, the status was respected.

In addition to the factor of being an example like Xu Jing, the most important thing is Liangzhou.

As we all know, Shu Han wanted to go out, Jingzhou and Wu and Wei crossed, is not the best place to send troops, the best is to send troops from Hanzhong, the direction of the troops is only the three auxiliary lands and Liangzhou, which is also the reason for Zhuge Liang's five northern expeditions.

Ma Yue is the founder of the Western Han Dynasty, and the Fubo general Ma Yuan, who has the reputation of "Ma Ge Shroud", is the ancestor of the Ma family and lives in Liangzhou, so he can divide one side in the chaotic world.

Liu Bei occupied Yizhou, the neighboring Liangzhou, which had long been regarded by Shu Han as his "palm thing", so even "Liangzhou Mu" was sealed to Ma Chao, but hoped to use the influence of the Ma family and a reasonable excuse to lay the foundation for the future attack on Liangzhou.

In 222 AD, Ma Chao became seriously ill, and before his death, Shangshu gave Liu Bei: "Two hundred people from the chen clan were killed by Cao Cao, and only my clan was inherited by Ma Dai. “

Linwu Shangshu said: "The more than two hundred mouths of the Chenmen Sect have been exhausted by Meng De, but from di Dai, as the successor of the Wei Sect's blood food, deeply trustEd by His Majesty, there is no more word." ——" Romance of the Three Kingdoms , Biography of Ma Chao "

After Ma Chao's death, Ma Dai was the leader of this nominal "Liangzhou system", which was related to the great cause of the Northern Expedition of the Shu Han Dynasty. Of course, with the passage of time, the decline of Shu Han, the influence of the Ma family in Liangzhou has gradually declined, and it is unknown how much role Ma Dai can play, but the general trend of the world, but if there is a little influence, those in power will not miss this opportunity. Therefore, the importance of Ma Dai does not lie in his own martial strategy, but in Liangzhou.

Ma Dai beheaded Wei Yan

Speaking of Wei Yan's death, I have to say that he and Zhuge Liang's contradictions. Their contradictions lie neither in the so-called "Meridian Valley Plan" nor in the personal grudge between Wei Yan and Yang Yi, but in a power struggle.

In 219, Liu Bei proclaimed himself the King of Hanzhong, and the seat of government was still in Chengdu, so he needed a reliable general to guard Hanzhong, and although Hanzhong Taishou was only nominally a Taishou, he was like Guan Yu of Zhenshou Jingzhou, a real general on the zhenshou side.

At first, everyone thought that Zhang Fei, who had followed Liu Bei earliest, would be given the post of Taishou of Hanzhong, but in the end it would fall to Wei Yan.

Zhang Fei had lost xuzhou's responsibilities, and his personality was tyrannical, and his treatment of soldiers was even more mean and unkind, and in order to win the hearts and minds of various factions, Liu Bei entrusted this important position of Hanzhong Taishou to Wei Yan.

However, within a few years, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, and Liu Bei died one after another, and Zhuge Liang gradually came to power, and although Zhuge Liang "bowed down and died after he died", it is undeniable that he was essentially a powerful minister, and the government and government shook his hand, and during this period, there were not a few who were squeezed and suppressed.

In 227, Zhuge Liang prepared for the Northern Expedition and personally entered Hanzhong, and Wei Yan was promoted to Sima Xiang (丞相司馬) and Liangzhou Assassin (梁州刺史). First look at this official position, before Wei Yan was the Taishou of Hanzhong, the commander-in-chief of all the military and political power in Hanzhong, sitting on one side for nearly 10 years, the Emperor of Tiangao was far away, it can be said that it was the existence of a party earth emperor.

However, when Zhuge Liang came, he not only had a chancellor on his head, but he also became a chancellor Sima and was just a subordinate official of the chancellor's mansion, confused with the small officials who had not looked at him before, the so-called "Liangzhou Assassination History", Liangzhou was still in Cao Wei's hands.

In this way, Wei Yan, who had held great power for many years, was naturally unwilling, although he did not dare to openly rebel against the chancellor, but he used his nostrils to look at people with his nostrils to see others, and wanted to scare whom, so he formed a grudge with Yang Yi, and even drew his sword many times in public, preparing to kill this chancellor to join the army.

Yan was both good at raising soldiers, brave and fierce, and high-minded, and he avoided them at that time. Only Yang Yi did not pretend to extend, and extended to think that it was like water and fire. - "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Wei Yan"

When Zhuge Liang was on the Northern Expedition, Wei Yan mentioned his "Meridian Valley Conspiracy" and was not accepted by Zhuge Liang, who was mainly stable, so every time before Wei Yan went out on the expedition, he would shout loudly, saying that Xiang Xiang was a scholar and was timid and afraid of things.

As far as this strategy itself is concerned, whether it is feasible or not, when it does not happen, any conjecture does not make much sense, but as a subordinate official of the prime minister, the great war is imminent, and since the minister denies this view, and then makes a big publicity, it is itself a manifestation of his arrogance.

Yan Every time he came out, he wanted to invite tens of thousands of soldiers, and liang would meet at Tongguan, such as The story of Han Xin, and the bright system was not allowed. Yan often said that the light was timid, and the hatred of oneself was inexhaustible. - "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Wei Yan"

In 234, Zhuge Liang was seriously ill during the Fifth Northern Expedition, and before dying, he consulted with Changshi Yangyi, Sima Feiyi, the protector Jiang Wei and others, and ordered Wei Yan to cut off, but Zhuge Liang was well aware of Wei Yan's character, and after his death, he would not necessarily obey orders, so he said that he would not listen to his own will.

Sure enough, as soon as Zhuge Liang died, Wei Yan refused to retreat, and exchanged tables with Yang Yi, saying that the other side wanted to rebel, at this time, whether it was Fei Yi and others who accompanied the army, or Jiang Huan, Dong Yun and others in Chengdu, guaranteed that Yang Yi would not rebel, and Wei Yan was not sure.

Wei Yan led 20,000 troops to prevent the retreat of the large army led by Yang Yi, and when the two armies met, Wang Ping came out and scolded: "The minister has just died, the bones are not cold, you dare to do so!" “

Only then did the troops under Wei Yan's command know that it was Wei Yan who had disobeyed the will of the chancellor and scattered, and Wei Yan had to flee back to Hanzhong with his cronies and sons.

Yang Yi sent Ma Dai to catch up and behead Wei Yan, and Yang Yi trampled Wei Yan's head with his foot and scolded, "Yongnu! Can you do evil again? He also exterminated Wei Yan's three tribes.

Yan Xian arrived, according to Nangukou, dispatched troops to counterattack Yi, etc., and Yi ordered He Ping to be in front of Yuyan. Ping Ling Yan xian deng: "Gong died, his body is not yet cold, how dare you nair!" "The Yanshi are all known to be in Yan, and the army is scattered. Yan Du fled with several of his sons and ran to Hanzhong. Yi sent Ma Dai to chase after him, and to the head of Yi, Yi qi stepped on it, saying: "Yong slave! Can you do evil again? "Sui Yi Yan Three Tribes." - "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Biography of Wei Yan"

Ma Dai's killing of Wei Yan was not like in the film and television drama, backstabbing Wei Yan, but leading the army to hang, which had nothing to do with personal bravery.

Before Wei Yan was killed, after all, he was the general of Zhenbei and the Marquis of Duting, the real high-ranking official of Shu Han, not to mention Ma Dai, even Yang Yi, who sent Ma Dai, was not as high as Wei Yan. In the absence of real evidence of Wei Yan's rebellion, such a killing would definitely have a great impact on Ma Dai's future.

The reason why Ma Dai chose to kill Wei Yan was mainly to be loyal to Yang Instrument, after all, the people who accompanied the army at that time thought that Shi Yangyi, the head of the chancellor, would become Zhuge Liang's successor, and since he had already offended Wei Yan, it was better to do nothing and directly kill him.

Who knows, before Zhuge Liang died, he had already spoken to the rear lord Liu Chan, and let another governor of the Chancellor's Mansion, Shi Jiang Huan, recommend it to Liu Chan, Yang Yi finally hit the water in the bamboo basket, and Ma Dai, who handed over the name, naturally could not be pleased.

MaDai's ending

If Yang Yi really became a minister as he wished, as Ma Dai who surrendered his name, he could undoubtedly step into the clouds and become Yang Yi's right and left arm, but unfortunately, it backfired.

In 235, that is, the year after Zhuge Liang's death, because of Zhuge Liang's secret son, he believed that Yang Yi was impatient and narrow-minded, and it was difficult to take on heavy responsibilities, and he intended to let Jiang Huan take over, so Jiang Huan was appointed as Shang Shu Ling and Yizhou Assassin History; and after Yang Yi returned to Chengdu, he was appointed as a chinese military division with no real name, no deployment, and could only act cheaply.

Yang Yi thought that his seniority was older than Jiang Huan's, and his talent was also more than his, and he often expressed resentment, and was soon deposed as a commoner, committing suicide on the way to exile.

The ending of Ma Dai is not mentioned in the history books, but it can be seen from two aspects:

1. It is not mentioned in the history books, indicating that it has not been reused!

Although Zhuge Liang died, but the Shu Han has not yet perished, the Shu Han generals still have the opportunity to make meritorious achievements, why is Ma Dai, who became famous early, not mentioned?

It's just that he's not reused!

With the example of killing the general Wei Yan in the front, even if there was Yang Yi's order, but the following crimes, presumably no one in power would like such a general.

2. Lead the soldiers to cut down Wei, indicating that it is still useful!

Also in 235, the year of Yang Yi's death, Ma Dai was still active on the battlefield. Ma Dai led his troops on the Northern Expedition, but was repulsed by the Wei general Niu Jin, killing and wounding more than 1,000 people.

Shu sent Ma Dai into Kou, and the emperor sent the general Niu Jin to shoot him away, cutting more than a thousand ranks. - Book of Jin

In just one sentence, but rich in content, this emperor refers to Sima Yi. "Ma Dai entered the Kou", indicating that Ma Dai was brought in as the main general to engage the Wei army, but was defeated by Niu Jin, indicating that the scale of the war was not large.

In the stage of Zhuge Liang's death, the internal struggle for power and profit in the Shu Han Dynasty was not over, and who had the heart to go to the Northern Expedition?

Ma Dai's engagement with the Wei army was more like a way to alleviate his sins of killing Wei Yan before, to show his loyalty by fighting with the outside world, to show his loyalty, to show that he was just a general who obeyed orders and did not want to be implicated in Yang Yi's affairs; or that he had previously obeyed Yang Yi's actions, and now the rulers need him to show his innocence with blood!

Summary: How beautiful was the moment he killed Wei Yan, how bleak the rest of his life would be, if there was no Liangzhou on the side, just killing Wei Yan, Ma Dai's ending would not be much better!