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Rice is the main subsistence crop and leading industry in the region, and its production technology plays an important role in its diffusion. After extensive solicitation of opinions and expert discussion, the list of the main rice technologies in the region in 2023 was determined, including the green and efficient production technology of high-quality and abundant yield of machine-inserted japonica rice, the comprehensive planting and breeding technology of one rice and two shrimp rice fishery ecology, the green comprehensive prevention and control technology of major rice diseases and pests, and the risk prevention technology of direct rice production. These technologies will provide solid scientific and technological support for the development of modern high-end rice industry.
The high-quality, high-yield, green and efficient production technology of machine-transplanted japonica rice is a key content in the directory. Based on excellent flavored japonica rice varieties, this technology realizes scientific cultivation through precise fertilization, precise machine cutting, precision irrigation and other methods, aiming to achieve the goals of abundant yield, high quality, green, high efficiency, ecology and safety. The application effect of this technology is very significant, the mu yield of high-quality rice reaches 630~650 kg, while the use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides is reduced by about 1.5%, the utilization rate is increased to more than 40%, and the mu increase efficiency exceeds 5%.
Technical points include variety selection, strong seedling cultivation, precise machine insertion, precise fertilization and precise irrigation. First of all, the selection of varieties is very critical, and it is necessary to select japonica rice varieties with excellent comprehensive characteristics. The next step is the cultivation of strong seedlings, which adopts large-scale centralized breeding and supply technology to ensure that the age-appropriate machine inserts strong seedlings. Precision machine insertion is required to be carried out in early to mid-June, and it is necessary to apply fertilizer precisely, and apply fertilizer quantitatively according to the type of variety and target yield to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency. Finally, precision irrigation, using efficient water-saving and emission-reduction precision irrigation technology to reduce agricultural water consumption and improve the water ecological environment.
In addition, there are some supporting technologies, such as rice stacking seedling breeding technology, wheat straw full return technology, pest weed harmless control technology and rice storage and processing technology, etc., all of which have a positive impact on the efficiency and quality of rice production. At the same time, rice brand marketing is also very important, through brand building and brand production, high quality and high price can be achieved, and rice output value can be improved.
In summary, the formulation and application of the list of rice main technologies will provide important scientific and technological support for rice production in the region, promote the development of modern high-end rice industry, improve yield and quality, and promote the prosperity of rural economy.
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