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China and Vietnam, two neighbors whose history was once intertwined, carry a long history of blended relations. When we look back at the history of both sides, we will find that this friendship has both tragic struggle, courageous perseverance, and a resilient leader.
China's ties with Vietnam date back to ancient times, and ties between the two countries have been frequent and lasting since early times. In the administrative divisions of China, Vietnam was once divided into a part of the situation, and this situation continued until the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. However, Vietnam emerged from the war of national independence and liberation and eventually embarked on the road to independence. In modern times, both China and Vietnam have been influenced by external forces, one semi-colonial and the other under French colonial rule. In the journey of national liberation, the two countries forged a deep friendship and actively supported each other in the fifties and sixties of the 20th century. China sent a military advisory group to assist Vietnam in its anti-French struggle and contributed to Vietnam's victory. When the Vietnam War broke out, China once again extended a helping hand and provided military and material support, providing great support for the cause of Vietnam's liberation.
However, because of its victory in the Liberation War, Vietnam gradually fell into a state of blind self-confidence and began to seek expansion. They claim to be the third most powerful military force in the world, and in 1978, Vietnam unexpectedly invaded Cambodia and quickly occupied the whole of Cambodia. In addition, they continue to violate the Sino-Vietnamese border, which poses a huge threat to China's peripheral security, prompting the Chinese military to make the decision to defend itself against Vietnam.
In the prelude to the self-defense and return fire war against Vietnam, the Chinese army adopted a strategic layout of dividing the east and west. The commander-in-chief of Guangxi was General Xu Shiyou, commander of the Guangzhou Military Region, while General Yang Dezhi, commander of the Wuhan Military Region, was transferred to the commander of the Kunming Military Region and served as the commander-in-chief of Yunnan on the western front. On February 17, 1979, the war of self-defense against Vietnam officially began, lasting only one month, but during this month, the Chinese army rapidly advanced into northern Vietnam on the eastern and western fronts, reaching as far as 100 kilometers, and achieved remarkable victories.
However, in the Vietnam War, there was a unit of the Chinese army that performed particularly well, and they repeatedly annihilated the Vietnamese army and made a great contribution to China's victory. This unit is the 163rd Division, its predecessor is the 144th Division of the 48th Army, and it has accumulated rich combat achievements as early as the early battles. The 163rd Division participated in famous battles such as the Battle of the Transition River and the Battle of Liaoshen and so on, and in the Vietnam War, their performance was even more extraordinary, annihilating more than 5,800 enemies, ranking first in the list of enemy annihilation by the divisions participating in the battle on the eastern and western fronts, becoming a terrifying existence that terrified the enemy.
The success of the 163rd Division is due not only to its outstanding soldiers, but also to an outstanding commander, Bian Guixiang, the commander of the 163rd Division. Born in 1928, Bian Guixiang participated in the revolution in his early years, gradually rising from an ordinary small soldier to the position of regiment commander, and finally was appointed as the commander of the 163rd Division in January 1970. Bian Guixiang is known for his bravery and ferocious fighting style on the battlefield, and once had the nickname "battlefield madman". Despite his advanced age, he insisted on going to the front line to direct operations when the Vietnam War broke out, even in the face of heavy enemy artillery fire. He firmly ordered counterattacks against the enemy and even forced his crossing of the Qiqiu River, although many believed that crossing the Qiqiang River was not necessary.
Bian Guixiang's tenacity was also manifested in his attitude towards prisoners. Although the Chinese military usually treated prisoners of war favorably and allowed them to return home, Bian refused this approach. Convinced that the war was not over, he was reluctant to rush to release the prisoners, who he believed might take up arms again and threaten his fighters. He firmly declared: "It is better to be removed than to release a single prisoner, and to release them is to harm our fighters." It was precisely because of this persistence that the morale of the 163rd Division remained high, and it achieved brilliant results along the way. In order to capture the problem, the Vietnamese even offered 30,000 US dollars to buy Bien Guixiang's head, but this attempt ended in failure.
After the end of the Vietnam War, Bian returned to the Hainan Military Region as deputy commander and retired on September 1, 2008. However, he left an indelible mark, and his tenacity and courage have always inspired the Chinese army, making immortal feats for the victory of the self-defense and return war against Vietnam. Bian Guixiang died on September 1, 2008, at the age of 81, but his spirit will forever be passed on in the hearts of the Chinese army and people.
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