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Cyclone Daniel in eastern Libya made landfall on September 10 and caused severe flooding. Two dams collapsed during the night, resulting in heavy casualties. The latest UN information said that in the city of Derna, flooding has killed 11,300 people. The rescue effort, despite its difficulties, is ongoing.
Libya's attorney general has opened an investigation into the cause of the disaster, which could also involve senior government officials. The mayor was also investigated. The city of Derna is now in shambles and devastated. There are reportedly many remains in the sea, possibly about 2,000. The dam cracked more than 20 years ago, but it was not properly treated.
Local officials ordered people to evacuate the coastal area before the floods came, but did not warn of the dam's possible collapse. Although rescue efforts are ongoing, there is little hope of finding survivors. The Libyan city of Derna was hit by a deadly flood in August 2022, leaving hundreds dead and thousands homeless.
The flooding in the city of Derna was caused by problems with two dams on the Rio Grande in Libya. Both dams were built in the 80s, with the last renovation work in 2007. Due to political unrest and corruption, these dams were not properly maintained, leading to disasters.
The Libyan government hired an Italian engineering company to assess the condition of the dam, which confirmed cracks and recommended the construction of a third dam. However, Muammar Gaddafi's government only handed over the repair work to the Turkish company Alselle Construction, but due to payment problems, the work was never started. The audit department believes that the Government only allocated funds for the repairs, but not the actual construction.
Due to civil strife and political fragmentation, Libya lacks a unified central government, which has led to problems with infrastructure development and disaster preparedness. In the absence of a unified government administration, the relevant departments in the city of Derna are unable to operate normally, and corruption problems are gradually emerging.
Experts on Libya at the Royal Joint Military Defense and Security Institute believe the investigation poses a challenge to the Libyan justice system because it could involve high-level officials from both the Eastern and Western regimes. In the context of global warming, fragile countries like Libya will face more catastrophic consequences.
The catastrophic floods are a wake-up call to climate change and the lack of maintenance of aging infrastructure, and require international attention.
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