Tuanhe Palace, which was once written by the Qianlong Emperor "Eight Views of Tuanhe" and known as the "First Palace of the Imperial Capital", opened to the public on September 24 after more than ten years of protective restoration. This royal palace, hidden in the lush greenery, tells a story about the Nanhai Ziyuan.
Tuanhe Palace. Photo by Beijing News reporter Li Muyi
Nanhaizi's largest palace has multiple functions such as water conservancy and military
If you want to talk about Tuanhe Palace, I have to say Nanhaizi. Nanhaizi, also known as Nanyuan, was the royal hunting garden of the Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Nanhaizi in the Ming and Qing dynasties, with an area of three imperial cities, with nine garden gates and four palaces built, namely the old Yamen Palace, the New Yamen Palace, the Nanhongmen Palace and the Tuanhe Palace, which are now the Old Palace, the New Palace, the Nangong and the Tuanhe Palace.
Of the four palaces in Nanhaizi, three are now distributed in Daxing District. Located in Xihongmen Town, Tuanhe Palace is the latest of the four palaces, but it is the largest and has the highest garden art value.
In ancient times, Nanhai Ziyuan had multiple functions, not only as a hunting garden, but also as the center of residential management and administration at that time, and also had multiple functions such as water conservancy, military, and food and vegetable supply. Zhu Chengru, deputy director of the National Qing History Compilation Committee, said that the Nanhaizi area was initially a place for Jin Yuan to train troops and hunt, and later it was the Ming and Qing Dynasty Royal Garden, the Qing Dynasty Kang Qian Prosperous, the north of the Three Mountains and Five Gardens, and the Nanxing Royal Garden. Tuanhe Palace is a representative building in the Nanhai Ziyuan, in addition to being luxurious and spacious, it is also important for the Qianlong Emperor to use it as a place to manage the garden.
Xuanyuan Hall and Hangdaozhai in the "Eight Views of Tuanhe River" are the two main buildings in the entire Tuanhe Palace palace complex. Photo by Beijing News reporter Li Muyi
In the forty-second year of Qianlong, when the Tuanhe Palace was built, it was in the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, the national treasury was full, and the architectural layout of the Jiangnan garden was absorbed to win with scenery, and the ingenuity was that it integrated the water conservancy function of the dredging river, and created a garden landscape pattern by managing water and piling mountains to create a garden landscape pattern, which is a water conservancy project with aesthetic significance.
In the Qianlong imperial poem, it is particularly emphasized that the purpose of the Tuanhe Palace to sort out the water conservancy, that is, to wash the muddy water of the Yongding River through the clear stream coming out of the Tuanhe River. In the exhibition of Tuanhe Xinggong, there is also a painting of the site of Tuanhe Xinggong in 148 Qing Dynasty, on which the West Lake water of Tuanhe Xinggong is connected to the Fenghe River in the south.
After five years of construction, Tuanhe Palace was built in the 42nd year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of about 500 acres, becoming the "first palace of the imperial capital". After that, when the emperor wanted to go on tour and pay respects, the Tuanhe Palace also became a necessary stop, and he returned here to rest. According to historical records, the Qianlong Emperor visited the Tuanhe Palace three times.
After ten years of repairs, the eight scenery of Tuanhe River has been reproduced
After the end of the Qing Dynasty, Nanhaizi declined, the garden wall gradually broke, and the Nanhaizi area was also reclaimed by Zhaotian and turned into large and small manors. In 1949, after the liberation of Beiping, only Cui Runxuan, the Imperial Monument Pavilion, the Dock and the Yunsui Pavilion remained in the palace. In 2001, the ruins of Tuanhe Palace were announced as a municipal cultural relic protection unit in Beijing.
In 2012, Tuanhe Palace started the restoration project, and after more than ten years, the phased restoration task was completed, so that this first royal palace of more than 200 years was re-displayed in front of the world.
Tuanhe Palace is centered on Tuanpo, which is the source of the Fenghe River, divided into two lakes, east and west, the West Lake is larger, and is connected to the southern water bo, directly leading to the Fenghe River. There are many buildings scattered around Tuanbo, including Jianji Book House, Qunyushan House, Jinghong Pavilion, Stone Slate House, Diaoyutai House, and Cui Run Xuan built on the island in the center of the lake; Along the coast of West Lake, there are buildings such as Yijianxuan, Zhuyuan Temple, Yubei Pavilion, Apgufang, Guiyunxiu, and Sifang Pavilion.
Visitors enter the gate of the Second Palace and are greeted by the rockery made of stone piles of Taihu Lake, which was once given the name "Yunxiu" by the Qianlong Emperor. Photo by Beijing News reporter Li Muyi
The eight views of the Tuanhe Palace are the most famous, and the Qianlong Emperor once wrote the poem "Eight Views of the Tuanhe Palace" for Xuanyuan Hall, Hangdaozhai, Qinghuai Hall, Yijianxuan, Jinghongting, Zhuyuan Temple, Guiyunxiu, and Apgufang. Among them, Guiyunxiu is located at the top of the sand mountain in the northwest corner of the palace, and the clouds and Xiu correspond to the different forms of water operation and transformation, giving the functional water conservancy project the spirit of the garden, from the Qianlong poem "The rockery can be called Yunxiu, why should the real cloud not return." Set the fruit for Lin self-skin inch, followed by sincerity and ze nongyan. "You can also get a glimpse of one or two.
Li Jiaju, a docent of Tuanhe Palace, introduced to reporters that the restoration of the palace, the craftsmen's skills are very exquisite, and many crafts are also very exquisite, such as the spiral painting on the door of the second palace, which is a feature of the official architecture, the royal garden at that time was sampled by the style thunder, there were related archives, and these crafts were also restored according to the original state.
New Guomen cultural landmark, cultural and creative exhibitions are eye-catching
During the trial operation, Tuanhe Palace opened three major exhibition areas such as Beijing Nanhai Ziyuan culture, Daxing history and cultural exchanges, as well as eight scenery of Tuanhe, and set up temporary exhibitions such as the special exhibition of style lei, the second Xinguomen Arts and Crafts Exhibition, and the Folk Collection Exhibition.
An exhibition open at Tuanhe Palace. Photo by Beijing News reporter Li Muyi
Visitors enter the side of the palace gate, which was once the location of the Military Aircraft Department, and after restoration, it became the Nanhai Ziyuan Museum, which exhibits the culture of Beijing's Nanhai Ziyuan to visitors. The tour route recommended in the guide to the park, visitors can enter the park from the Damiya Gate, walk through the Second Palace Gate, pass through Xuanyuan Hall, Handaozhai, Yijianxuan and other attractions, and then to Cui Run Xuan, admire the East Lake, and go to the West Lake. Li Jiaju said that it takes about an hour for tourists to visit the park, and if you can better understand the culture of the palace with explanations, the time will increase.
"In half a year, we have upgraded the exhibition display and public service facilities of Tuanhe Palace, and completed the Beijing Nanhai Ziyuan Museum and Beijing Daxing District Museum." Geng Xiaomei, secretary of the party group and director of Beijing Daxing District Culture and Tourism Bureau, introduced that the completion of these two museums fills the gap of the comprehensive museum in Daxing District, allowing tourists to feel the former palace and today's museum, and gradually forming a cluster of museums in the south axis of Daxing District, adding bricks to the construction of a museum city.
In particular, Tuanhe Palace also sets up a park seal, visitors can check in and stamp for free, and also designed a commemorative envelope for Tuanhe Palace. In the future, Tuanhe Palace will also launch more cultural and creative products to spread the culture of Tuanhe Palace.
Beijing News reporter Geng Ziye Li Muyi
Edited by Zhang Shujing Proofread by Zhao Lin