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After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan in 1945, the Chinese Kuomintang and the Communist Party were locked in a dangerous political contest. The Kuomintang had the ambition of usurping the results of the war and tried to unify China, while the CCP represented the will of the broad masses of the people, pursued peace, and tried to avoid the outbreak of civil war. At this critical juncture, Chairman Mao led a delegation of the Chinese Communist Party to Chongqing on August 28 to try to resolve differences through negotiations.
However, the negotiations were not easy. After repeated concessions and compromises, representatives of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party finally signed the Double Tenth Agreement on October 10. Although the Communist Party still ceded half of the seats in the CPPCC to the Kuomintang, this did not satisfy the ambitions of the Kuomintang. They decided to break the treaty and start a civil war.
The decision of the Kuomintang led to a bitter civil war of eight months, which caused huge losses. The Kuomintang did not expect the civil war to be so difficult, but the Communists demonstrated excellent guerrilla warfare capabilities, effectively weakening the Kuomintang's strength. In this defeat, Chen Cheng proposed to concentrate forces to attack important areas of the Communist Party, which was supported by Chiang Lao.
Hu Zongnan urgently recalled Xiong Xianghui, who was on vacation, and gave him a confidential document. This document contains major decisions calling for a blitz strike on Yan'an. However, Hu Zongnan did not know that Xiong Xianghui was actually an agent sent by the CCP to the Kuomintang, and he skillfully transmitted important information about the Kuomintang and made outstanding contributions to the defense of Yan'an and the CCP Central Committee.
Xiong Xianghui was deeply trusted by Hu Zongnan, so he was able to obtain some confidential information that ordinary people could not access. When the central government learned that the Kuomintang planned to attack Yan'an, the situation became very critical. The border troops numbered only more than 20,000 and could not resist Hu Zongnan's huge army. Chairman Mao, Peng Dehuai and others held urgent discussions, but they never found a suitable solution.
However, Chairman Mao came up with a surprisingly successful idea and recommended the evacuation of Yan'an. He believed that the Kuomintang's attack on Yan'an was based on the fact that the Communist Party did not dare to abandon Yan'an, so he advocated abandoning Yan'an to avoid greater losses. This tactic was surprisingly successful, allowing the central government to prepare for retreat in time, thus avoiding further losses.
Yan'an is also home to several members of the American Observer Corps who spent three years in China. Before the Kuomintang planned to bomb Yan'an, the Americans were notified and told to evacuate as soon as possible. Although these Americans expressed their dissatisfaction in words, they actually had deep feelings for Yan'an.
Bored was one of them, and it took him a long time to pack his bags. His colleague Klaummler joked that he was as slow as a Chinese lady with little feet, while Inge teased him about why he had planned to go back to the Mississippi River to fish and was now reluctant to leave Yan'an. Bored explained the situation, saying Yan'an was about to face bombing and asked them to keep the military secret.
Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou personally came to see them off and expressed their gratitude to these Americans. They presented some specialties, and Chairman Mao specifically mentioned Xinghuacun wine in Shanxi. Although Yan'an had a difficult time, these gifts made Bao Ruide feel very moved.
Barred also expressed support for the Chinese Communist Party, promising to tell the U.S. government and people the truth about the Chinese civil war after returning to China. Chairman Mao humorously made a request to help them solve a "lawsuit" after returning to China, that is, to convey the truth about the Chinese civil war to the US government.
After Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou bid farewell to Bored, they immediately took action, informing the common people to evacuate and conceal their troops in preparation for the bombing from the Kuomintang. Sure enough, soon after, Kuomintang bombers came and dropped bombs.
Baured's words became a testimony to history, and he praised the excellent qualities of the Eighth Route Army. This historical story tells us that in difficult times, friendship and support transcend borders to become a force for the Republic and its people.
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