The cultivation area of Jufeng grapes is large, but there are many thorny problems in cultivation, which have a great impact on yield, quality and efficiency. The "three mistakes" in Jufeng viticulture and their solutions are introduced as follows.
First, overload results
In Jufeng viticulture, many growers pursue high yields in the hope of making more profits. As a result, they often leave too many shoots and ears, and the yield per mu soars, even reaching more than 3,000 kg, and in some places as high as 5,000 kg.
High yields may seem tempting, but it hides some serious problems. When the mu yield exceeds 2500 kg, the quality begins to decline, the fruit of Jufeng grapes becomes smaller, the ears become uneven, the coloring will become lighter, the sugar content will be reduced, and the flavor will be greatly reduced.
How to break overload?
(1) The key to solving this problem lies in reasonable branching and earing. According to years of practical experience, for Jufeng vineyards with better fertilizer and water conditions, the yield per mu should be controlled within the range of 2000-2500 kg.
(2) Specific measures include reasonable branching to ensure that the spacing between new shoots is not less than 8-10 cm. In addition, it is necessary to leave enough vegetative branches and maintain a ratio of vegetative branches to fruiting branches of 1:4.
(3) For the left ear, the strong branch can leave 2 ears, the medium branch can leave 1 ear, and the weak branch should not leave the ear. The number of mu ears should be between 5000-6000.
(4) At the same time, it is necessary to regularly remove the secondary ears when repairing the ears and fixed ears, and pinch off 1/5-1/4 of the tip of the ear to ensure that each ear can obtain sufficient nutrients and light.
Second, the prevention and control of diseases is ineffective
When the disease strikes, are you prepared enough?
A common mistake many growers make is to rely too much on treatment over prevention. They wait until after the outbreak of the disease before taking medication measures, which often do not work well.
In addition, some growers may use only one pesticide, causing the bacteria to develop resistance, which forces them to increase drug concentrations, but the result is often that the pest and disease continue to spread.
How to improve the prevention and control effect?
(1) Clean up the branches, fallen leaves, diseased ears and rotten grains in time, bury them deep or burn, and then use quinoline pentazole to wash the spray branches, and spray mineral oil once after the grapes germinate in the following year.
(2) The timing of drug spraying is important and should be carried out early in the budding period to prevent the occurrence of diseases in advance. For different diseases, it is necessary to choose appropriate pesticides, such as benzoxystrobin and so on.
When spraying during the dormant and growing phases, spray both above and below the trees to eliminate potential germs in the soil.
(3) Regularly inspect the orchard, find diseased fruits, ears, leaves and branches, cut them in time and take them out of the garden to bury or burn deeply. In addition, it is necessary to avoid too dense branches and leaves of fruit trees and too many fruits to improve the disease resistance of the tree.
(4) For old vineyards, it is very important to remove weeds and trees around the garden. At the same time, it is necessary to use drugs in a timely manner, alternate drugs and compound drugs according to needs, and appropriately adjust the concentration of drugs to ensure that pesticides exert the best prevention and control effect.
Third, abuse of plant growth regulators
Plant growth regulators can play a good role in Jufeng viticulture, helping to control growth, increase fruit yield, and promote ripeness. However, if used incorrectly, it can lead to a series of problems, such as a large number of fallen leaves, reduced fruit particles, weakened tree strength, etc.
How to use wisely?
In order to use plant growth regulators wisely, growers need to master critical periods and tightly control dosage concentrations and methods.
When the fruit grows to the size of a mung bean kernel, brassinolide can be used for spot spraying to reduce the drop of the fruit and keep the ear neat.
These three considerations will help you better cultivate Jufeng grapes and achieve a more abundant harvest. Remember to leave a message to tell the grape assistant what you want to know about grape growing to get more useful information and solutions!