Recently, many readers and friends have asked me to buy the paper version of "Deep Analysis of Volumes 1-5 of Mao Xuan", hoping to read and penetrate Mao Xuan and absorb wisdom by learning the in-depth analysis of each article in volumes 1-5.
Every day, some readers and friends come to me for advice: Teacher Yining, before the adaptation of Sanwan, the instructor had never gone to a military academy, let alone led soldiers or fought wars, why could he lead good soldiers in Jinggangshan? Are there any secrets that are not known?
In fact, these problems are explained by relevant wisdom in Mao Xuan, which is the wisdom summed up by the instructors in Jinggangshan, Yan'an, and on the Long March for many years, and it is the experience of many years of struggle, but many people will not learn and apply it live! I have also summarized the methods and ideas of this kind of analysis problem in the book "Mao Xuan 1-5 Volumes Deep Analysis Edition".
Today, I will try to analyze it again with Mao Xuan's thinking, taking "Sanwan Adaptation" as a typical example, and also "dissecting this sparrow", doing an in-depth analysis for readers and friends who love to read Mao Xuan.
As we all know, the Sanwan reorganization is of great historical significance, marking the beginning of Mao Zedong's construction of a new type of people's army and the earliest source of Mao Zedong's military thought.
And the Sanwan adaptation, where is the most impressive place for cow X?
Before the Sanwan adaptation, Mao Zedong had never attended a military academy, let alone led soldiers or fought wars, and if you looked at him from the perspective of a professional officer, he would be a typical military novice.
Although he participated in the leadership of the Autumn Harvest Uprising, Lu Deming and Yu Shandu were actually doing the military dispatch and army management work, and he did not directly participate in the command of the army, let alone make any suggestions on the system of the army.
Moreover, the Autumn Harvest Uprising failed, and the three reorganization occurred in the process of defeat of the army after the failure of the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
As a result, we all know that it is this person who seems to be at the level of a military white, but if he does not make a move, he will enlarge his move as soon as he makes a move, and since then he has laid the basic principles of the people's army's thinking on army building.
The later Red Army, the Eighth Route Army and the People's Liberation Army, no matter how they changed, in fact, the basic army building ideology never jumped out of the framework of this three-bay reorganization.
The system of "branches built on companies" and "soldiers' committees" has enabled this people's army to unite in countless difficulties and dangers, and its discipline is strict, and the more it is in an extremely dangerous combat environment, the more it bursts into amazing combat effectiveness.
This is a little unexplainable, and Shuangwen doesn't dare to write it like this, right?
A person who has never practiced martial arts has written a book that reflects the future generations and shines through the ages, and has practiced hard since then, defeating a villain whose strength is a hundred times his own after a few years, which is also too fantastic.
However, history is not a cool article, history is really happening.
So many people can't explain this problem, or maybe some people don't want to explain this problem, so they simply talk about the "genius theory", anyway, there are no fantastic people in this world, and fantasy things cannot be explained by the word "genius".
Of course, we do not deny genius, there are some people in this world, and his qualifications and wisdom are indeed beyond the reach of ordinary people.
But we have read a little about Marx, we should know that there are no geniuses in this world for no reason, there are no stupid materials for no reason, any event occurs, there is a causal relationship, you take out the Sanwan adaptation, it is the same.
It is not an isolated adaptation phenomenon, why could Mao Zedong come up with the system of "soldiers' committees" and "branches built on companies"?
There is some kind of guiding ideology behind any kind of behavior, so what is the core guiding ideology of the Sanwan adaptation?
That's what we're going to explore in today's article.
There are two most important systems for the reorganization of Sanwan, one is the "soldiers' committee" and the other is "branches are built on the company."
Do you say these two systems are complicated?
On the contrary, it is not complicated at all.
Let's first explain these two systems, starting with the "soldiers' committee".
What is a "soldiers' committee"?
To put it simply, it is elected by the most basic soldiers, for example, if there are 100 people in a company, then these 100 people elect 5-8 people to form a company-level soldiers' committee, and these elected people represent the interests of the soldiers of this company.
Battalion and regimental soldiers' committees are also elected in the same way to form soldiers' committees at the corresponding level.
So we say from a process point of view, is this organization complicated?
It is not complicated at all, it should be said that it can be copied at will, vote for a few people, what can it be called?
But why did this system reach Mao Zedong, and after his transformation, exert unparalleled power?
The root cause is not in the institutional process, but in the redistribution of power.
This "soldiers' committee" has great power, what can it do?
If they find that a commander beats and scolds soldiers, gathers a crowd to gamble, and engages in special phenomena in life, etc., as soon as they report it, the superior will directly impose severe punishments on the chief.
For example, once, an officer who graduated from Whampoa was the first to follow Mao Zedong's autumn harvest uprising troops up the mountain, and also served as a military instructor in Yuan Wencai's department. Once the gambling money was discovered and reported by the soldiers committee.
You say that this matter is put in the Kuomintang army, what can it be called?
But it was different when it came to the Red Army, which at that time had a ban on gambling, and if he violated this rule, he had to be punished.
So this buddy was fined to stand for three days, and he deliberately chose a position where the first Hunan and Gan border congress was held, and everyone could see it at the venue.
This is the role of the soldiers' committee.
In addition to being able to supervise whether the commander beats and scolds the soldier and whether there is a problem of life style, the soldier has a second important role, that is, he can directly participate in the management of the troops.
For example, the economic accounts of the army must be made public to the soldiers' committee, and the soldiers can directly manage the food expenses, etc., and each soldier can express his or her own opinions through the soldiers' committee, and even if a certain commander speaks badly, the soldier can directly name and criticize.
This is the power of the soldiers' council.
The institutional process is very simple, but it is extremely difficult to achieve the redistribution of power, and an important condition for the Sanwan adaptation to be carried out is that the number of remnants of the rout at that time is very small, and everyone has lost the battle, all the way to the rout, even eating is very difficult, at this time to implement the redistribution of power, it is relatively much easier, because there is no special power.
On the contrary, if a power group has been formed, differentiation has emerged, and a bureaucratic class has been stabilized, is it not so easy for you to try and then realize this distribution of power?
For example, if you ask Lao Jiang at that time, go and say to his officers, come on, brothers, let's make the accounts public, let the soldiers also play a supervisory role, can we imagine what kind of scene it would be?
In the same way, the same is true of branches built on companies.
Its system is also very simple, in the past there were party branches in the Kuomintang army, but they were built above the regiment, and now it is necessary to continue to deepen this system and establish party branches at the company.
Is it complicated?
It's not complicated, we can build it in the regiment, what is the problem with building a branch on it?
In the past, when this "branch was built on the company," many people would say that this achieved the party's absolute leadership over the army.
Because at that time, a company was about 100 people, and once there was a party branch on the company, the party could always pay attention to the thoughts and actions of every soldier in this company. So is that right? That's true, of course, but it intentionally or unintentionally ignores the other side.
Because according to this statement, if the branch is only built on the company, the control of each soldier can be achieved, and thus the party can be guaranteed to command the gun, and the army will listen to the party, which is too simple.
In this way, Lao Jiang can completely rely on the gourd to draw scoops, and also build a party organization on it, what is the difficulty?
The fundamental reason why this operation can only be achieved in the people's army created by Mao Zedong is not the control of the grassroots, but, on the contrary, the promotion of democracy at the grassroots.
After the branch is established in the company, it ensures that every soldier's wisdom, ideas, opinions, ideas, talents, etc., have a channel to report upwards.
The branch of the company will pay attention to the dynamics of each soldier, and can also realize the listening to the opinions of each soldier, and these opinions, ideas, etc., are gradually reflected to the upper level through the branch of the company, and after the upper level is screened, processed, and identified, it is realized with centralized guidance.
This led to the principle of what would become democratic centralism.
Democracy must have centralization, otherwise it will become extreme democratization, and at the same time centralization is to better ensure democracy, which is the meaning of the branch building on the link.
What is really difficult to do with this system is whether you are willing to give democracy to the grassroots, and at the same time how to ensure that democracy can be truly realized.
Three
We say that Mao Zedong never attended any military academies or soldiers before the Sanwan reorganization, and he had just begun to learn in practice.
Moreover, it still directly affected the big move of the basic thinking of the later army building.
In fact, we only need to know what exactly is a "soldiers' committee" and what is "a branch is built on a company", and we are very clear.
The things created by Sanwan's adaptation are not the 16-character tricks of guerrilla warfare, nor the luring of the enemy deep in mobile warfare, and these tactical operations need to be learned in practice.
However, the system of "soldiers' committees" and "branches built on companies" did not need to wait for many battles to be fought.
Because there is a common guiding ideology behind them, this idea has only two words:
Equal.
Because of equality, officers and soldiers are the same, commanders cannot be special, soldiers can criticize superiors;
Because of equality, the commander can command the soldiers, and the soldiers can also supervise the superiors;
Because of equality, soldiers can achieve democracy, can demand economic openness, can participate in the management of army life, can express their opinions, and can report any difficulties and problems they may have to their superiors.
Because of the support and guidance of this idea of equality, the "soldiers' committee" and "branches built on the company" can have their soul and meaning.
Otherwise, if it only imitates the process and operation, but does not emphasize the ideas behind them, this system has no soul to speak of, and will inevitably lead to formalism in the end.
This idea of equality was put into the troops, and "soldiers' committees" appeared, and "branches were built on companies";
When put to the masses, it becomes "everything comes from the masses and goes to the masses", and it becomes "the masses are the real copper wall and iron wall".
4. In 1965, when Chairman Mao returned to Jinggangshan, he talked about this issue with the people present.
Chairman Mao asked:
What is the spirit of Jinggangshan?
Those present replied that it was hard work.
After listening to the answer, Chairman Mao smiled and said that arduous struggle is only one aspect, and there are still two points behind, and we must think from the aspect of system.
Someone added a branch to build on the company.
Chairman Mao nodded and said:
During the Jinggangshan period, we explored a set of good systems and good work styles, and now we advocate hard struggle, and what we pay attention to is the establishment of branches on companies, and what we neglect is the soldiers' committee.
Why did Chairman Mao say that it was the soldiers' committee that was neglected?
Because the core of the soldiers' committee is to empower grassroots soldiers, give play to their supervisory and management roles, and also give play to their wisdom and wisdom.
The guiding ideology behind this is equality, and if this soldiers' committee is placed among the masses, a different system will emerge, in which the masses participate in the management, production, and supervision of factories.
So we see, what does this have to do with military or not?
It doesn't really matter.
Mao Zedong believed in equality, and this belief was not the kind of lip service, not the kind of fooling everyone under the banner of "equality", but it was true.
There are differences between people, but there is no hierarchy, and this is equality.
Mao Zedong applied this idea to the remnants of the failed Autumn Harvest Uprising, and there was the "Sanwan adaptation" we see in history.
This is also why Mao Zedong did not study any military affairs, but he can make a good move.
Without the guidance of this kind of thinking, there would be no Sanwan adaptation in the true sense.
If you don't believe it, you let Lao Jiang eat hot pot, sing, and then say to a soldier next to him who has not yet solved the problem of food and clothing, but wants to drink hot wine: You are hedonism.
You see that soldier scolds him behind his back.
Therefore, we say that the success of the Sanwan adaptation is the instructor's deep understanding and application of human nature. This kind of profound thinking can be applied to our work, can also be used to analyze many things, and can more comprehensively understand and read his old man's home.
It is also my insistence on in-depth analysis of the meaning of Mao selection.
So, why do more and more people love to read Mao Xuan?
Because it is indeed a guide book for everyone to solve the problems of survival and development encountered, it does have the guiding role of practice and theory, and it does have tenacious vitality
As long as we learn and apply it, it will definitely become a powerful "magic weapon" to transform our thinking. If you keep reading, you will see the world more "clearly".
It's just that this profound and intelligent work involves too much history, situation and considerations, and we are all prone to not being able to read through, to read thoroughly, and to miss the essentials at all. Even, after a long time, it has become a bookism, and can only bite the text and chew words, but will not learn and use it live, which is completely contrary to the original intention of reading Mao Xuan.
Each article in Mao Xuan's original work involves too much history, background, situation and consideration, and many of them have a certain philosophical nature, which makes it difficult to read through and read thoroughly. After a long time, it is easy to become a bookism and can only bite the words. Open your mouth to come a few volumes of sleek, but will not live learning, can not extract the thinking mode and methodology in it, nor can it guide our work, life, entrepreneurship, etc., let alone help improve cognition. Even, many people have been reading for a long time, read for a few years, and can not continue to read. This is also the feedback of many readers who have asked me to buy books.
The book "Gross Selection Volume 1-5 In-depth Analysis Edition" I wrote is to solve these problems, you can contact to buy. In order to really let everyone read the original work, they can use the methodology involved. I have also added some cases and reflections combined with our work, so that we can draw inferences from each other, help you really understand and read through Mao Xuan, and draw wisdom from Mao Xuan.
Almost 500,000 words, each article in volumes 1-5 has in-depth analysis, all combined with reality, refining methods, analysing thinking, and living learning to help truly improve thinking and insight, and will also send you "Mao Xuan 1-7 volumes of the original complete electronic version" (marking the focus of each article), "Dialectic Talk" for your daily reading. Each article is written dry goods, written in a specific way of thinking, and you can get it to practical use after reading it.
Including: analyzing the background, meaning, and personal thinking of each article, linking it with practical application, using strategic thinking, contradictory thinking, class analysis, and applying ideas such as independence and mass line to work. Each article is written as dry goods, written in a specific way of thinking, and can be used in practice after reading. I never write those bestsellers, and I can't solve anything after reading them.
I am not taking you to analyze history, but I just want to learn his way of thinking and wisdom with respect for the teacher, and then apply it to the actual work and life, focusing on this section of the road.
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