Xuzhou Maocun Han Tomb (National 6)
Nearly 3,000 Han tombs have been found in Xuzhou, and it is also the city with the most open Han tombs in China, and it is said that Han tombs, terracotta warriors and portrait stones are its "three exceptions". On this day, it seems that the hot air is compressed in the balloon. Early in the morning, I walked from Pengcheng to Yongcheng to walk the tomb of King Mahanliang, and the exposure to the scorching sun was dizzying. After a hurried lunch, I rushed back to Pengcheng and went straight to Baiji, and stayed until it was almost dusk in Maocun, and the moon was hazy. Surrounded by private houses and elementary schools, this tomb of the unknown Han is also a portrait stone museum, and there is a plaque on the gate that reads "The Wonders of Han Painting". Stepping into the side door, it was as if it was dark all of a sudden. Fortunately, the ancient tomb can not only seek coolness, the so-called "people light candles, ghosts blow lamps", the tomb is wet and flashing with faint lights. It was a gloomy and stuffy depression, with sweat pores blocked but sweat hair exploding.
Floor plan of the tomb of Maocun Han
Section view of the tomb of Han in Maocun
Maocun Han tomb chamber, image source network
Maocun Han tomb front room door forecarriage horse travel portrait stone (market stone imitation is its miniature copy), source network
Maocun Han tomb stacked roof, source network
Maocun Han tomb stone mullioned false window, image source network
In early 1952, villagers in Tongshan Mao Village, which belonged to Qilu at the time, discovered a Han tomb while fetching stones to build a bridge at the eastern foot of Phoenix Mountain. It sits west facing east, not because of the mountain as a mausoleum, like other Han tombs, but a "golden stone room" that is dug on the ground, built into a stone chamber, and finally sealed deep in the soil. There are three rooms in the front, middle and back, and the length is 10.4 meters from east to west. The middle chamber is 3 meters high, and the front and back rooms are 2 meters. The front and middle rooms are equivalent to the courtyard and front hall of the tomb owner. The back room is its dormitory, and in addition to the portal for access, there are mullioned windows that communicate with the front hall. On the north side of the tomb, there are four side chambers staggered, and the end and end are connected to the front and middle chambers respectively, and the space is tight and low and depressing; On the south side, there is an 8-meter promenade connecting the front and back rooms. The burial chamber is made entirely of bluestone mortise and tenon clasps, and the floor is paved with strips of stone and has a drainage system. The top of the tomb is stacked to the top like a square well, covered with boulders, poured with gray glue and covered with earth to form a tomb.
Maocun Han tomb architectural portrait stone, source network
Maocun Han tomb architectural portrait stone, source network
Maocun Han tomb architectural portrait stone, source network
Maocun Han tomb architectural portrait stone, source network
Maocun Han tomb car horse portrait stone, image source network
Maocun Han tomb car horse portrait stone, image source network
Maocun Han Tomb is only more than 70 square meters, the scale is very similar to the current affordable housing, but it has a beautiful portrait stone. The portrait stones are concentrated in the front and middle rooms, with a total of 18 pieces, and the carving techniques are all subtracted flat carving. Among them, there are 6 paintings in the front room, mainly engraved with doormen, immortals, unicorns, nine-headed beasts, and carriages and horses, etc., showing the tomb owner galloping in the illusory heavenly realm by car, "Che Rin, Ma Xiaoxiao" is full of movement, reflecting his strong desire to ascend to immortals after death. There are 12 paintings in the middle room, the themes involve the meeting of guests and hosts, a hundred drama competitions, game banquets, pavilions, etc., which truly interpret the luxurious scenes of the tomb owner's drunken dreams and death. Some experts say that it represents the highest achievement of the Xuzhou Han portrait stone, and it is also the complete shape, typical burial system and representative Eastern Han portrait stone tomb on the mainland.
Maocun Han tomb immortal walking beast portrait stone, source network
Maocun Han tomb animal portrait stone, image source network
Tomb Ghost Millennium Poisonous Spider (Haha)
The tomb of Maocun Han encountered "Captain Touching Jin" at least when Zhao and Song Dynasties, and a piece of Song Wa was actually found at the excavation site. Not only were the burial objects looted, but even the bones of the tomb owner were gone. It is said that at the beginning of the excavation, the tomb was filled with silt, and after cleaning up, an inscription was found on the north wall of the front room "April 13th of the fourth year of Xiping", which concluded that the tomb was built in the fourth year of the Eastern Han Dynasty Ling Emperor Xiping (175), and it was also more than 1800 years of vicissitudes. From its scale and shape, it is speculated that the tomb owner is roughly a prince, county guard or wealthy family with at least 2,000 stone in Pengcheng State during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Because of its early excavation age, and the local stone used is not hard enough, coupled with the management and countless transmissions lost in the early years, compared with the Baijihan tomb, it is really difficult to say and bleak.