He was a close comrade-in-arms of Castro, guarding the socialism in his heart with his life.
He ran in four presidential elections in his lifetime, the first three of which ended in defeat, and once derisively declared himself the "next president of Chile."
In order to implement the ideal in his heart, he did not retreat even if he was an enemy of the United States, and finally died in the presidential palace with an AK47 in his hand.
Is he a hero or a reckless man? Why did he fail?
Today, I will talk to you about this "fierce man from heaven", the former president of Chile - Salvador Allende
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Chile is located in the western part of South America, with an area of 75.6 square kilometers, which can only be regarded as a small country. But Chile is very well known, one of which is because its shape is so special.
On the map, Chile looks like a refrigerator sticker on the South American continent. Although the terrain is relatively strange, Chile's climatic conditions are good and resources are also abundant, and the per capita income in the 1950s was as high as 650 US dollars, which has already hit the threshold of developed countries.
Despite all the good conditions in Chile, like other Latin American countries, it has a congenital defect, that is, it is too close to the United States. After World War II, the United States took full control of Chile's key industries such as mining, communications, transportation, and electricity, and the comprador class became the de facto rulers.
So although Chile's total output value is very high, 90% of it goes into the pockets of Americans, 10% goes into the pockets of the comprador class, and only some scraps are left in the hands of workers. In this context, it is impossible for the Chilean people not to resist, but if you want to rebel against the United States in South America, it basically belongs to the old birthday star eating arsenic - looking for death.
But in the 1960s, Chile really waited for a "macho man from heaven". He is the president of the Chilean Socialist Party, the founder of democratic socialism, a close comrade-in-arms of Castro, and the former president of the Republic of Chile, Allende
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He was the second Castro in South America, and was held back by the CIA to bring Chile down the path of socialism.
Allende was born on June 26, 1908, to a middle-class family in Valparaíso, Chile, to a lawyer who often litigated the poor. Because of his father's work, Allende has seen many misfortunes for the people at the bottom since he was a child, and feels empathy for the huge gap between rich and poor in Chile.
During his college years, he organized several student movements and then was repeatedly arrested and imprisoned. At this time, he had an idea that studying medicine could not save Chile, so he resolutely embarked on the road of fighting for socialism for the rest of his life.
Although it was to develop socialism, Allende did not join the Communist Party, but founded the Chilean Socialist Party himself. After that, he established his future political line - democratic socialism - in accordance with the national conditions of Chile
What is democratic socialism? In simple terms, it is not to change the Chilean constitution, but to reform it through elections, so that the people can take the initiative to choose socialism.
With everything in place, Allende officially began his race for president of Chile. But his campaign path is not going well, because he now faces a formidable opponent, the United States.
The triumph of the Cuban Revolution made the United States realize that South America was not its own backyard, and that if there was another leader like Castro, it was very likely that the revolution would succeed. So when Allende appeared, the United States immediately ordered that he must not be allowed to succeed in his election!
In order to make Allende lose, the CIA did everything in its power to smear him at 360 degrees, and even released Allende's "women's clothing photos" when he was young.
Under the CIA's fray, Allende lost three elections in 1952, 1958 and 1964, and afterwards he laughed at himself and would carve a sentence on his tombstone: Chile's next president is buried here.
It wasn't until 1970, when the CIA couldn't think of any other tricks, that Allende was elected president of Chile with 36.61 percent of the vote. But becoming president is not the end for Allende, just the beginning of reform, and American retribution against him will come like a storm.
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In order to achieve democratic socialism, Allende can only choose to improve the treatment of workers without affecting the welfare of white-collar workers. Originally, this kind of thing is relatively unrealistic, but Chile just happens to have such a group of people, who have money and are not their own people, that is, Americans.
So the first thing he did after he took office was to beat up the local tycoons in the United States.
Previously, the United States had mastered 90% of Chile's copper mines, and as a result, Allende directly uprooted these American companies and nationalized them all. But after all, the United States is not easy to mess with, I can't clean up Cuba, can't I clean up your little Chile? At Nixon's behest, U.S. retaliation came.
The U.S. retaliation is mainly divided into three parts, the first step is to target Chile's pillar industry - copper mines.
Chile is the world's third-largest producer of copper and exports a large amount of copper each year, a large portion of which is sold to the United States. Is this because there are no copper mines in the United States? In fact, no, the United States ranks among the top two copper mines in the world, more than Chile, but people don't want to sell it.
But now in order to hit Chile's revenue, the United States has begun to sell copper on a large scale, and the international copper price has plummeted from $66 all the way to $48, which is equivalent to no profit.
So what to do when the Chilean government has no money? Naturally, foreign exchange is needed, so the second step in the United States came.
Under the operation of the United States, the World Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank rejected the Chilean government's loan request, and the United States banned all private banks from lending to Chile. Soon, the Chilean government's foreign exchange was completely depleted.
At this point, Chile can already be said to be in jeopardy, but the United States still has no mercy and has begun to implement its third step - to raise food prices.
Although Chile has good natural conditions, it is still difficult to be self-sufficient in food, and about 30% of the grain needs to be imported from abroad every year. Under the coercion and inducement of the United States, several agricultural powers in South America cut off their food trade with Chile, forcing Allende to pay high prices for grain from the international market.
In the end, the Chilean government was completely paralyzed by financial problems, but the opposition became stronger and stronger with the support of the United States, and the domestic situation was precarious.
Castro has always regarded Allende as a close comrade-in-arms, and has advised him to deal with it in a low-key manner, and Allende's friends have advised him to take refuge abroad, but he refuses to give in to power, and to those around him: Let them drag my feet and pull me out of the La Moneda Palace!
On September 11, 1973, under the cooperation of the army commander, the coup force was officially launched.
At seven o'clock in the morning, Allende, who had received the news, came to the presidential palace with his guards to prepare for the final resistance.
At eight-fifteen o'clock, Air Force Aide-de-Camp Sanchez called and told Allende that the Air Force had prepared for him a plane capable of flying to any country. But Allende rebuffed Sanchez, saying: "The President of Chile will never run away, I know how to fulfill the duties of a warrior!"
At 10:15, Allende delivered his last speech through a makeshift radio station: Long live Chile, long live the people, long live the laborers!
Subsequently, the two sides exchanged fire, but the coup forces were far ahead in terms of equipment and numbers.
At 1:50 p.m., Allende, who had done everything in his power, dismissed the last dozens of Guards soldiers and demanded that they surrender and not make senseless sacrifices.
Ten minutes later, Allende committed suicide with the AK47 that Castro had given him, and died in the line of duty, with a death of Mingzhi, a generation of heroes, and the soul returned to heaven.
This is the end of the show, do you think allende would have any hope of success without the United States?
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