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Recently, a series of tense incidents have occurred in the South China Sea region involving a sovereignty dispute between China and the Philippines. The Philippines' actions provoked a strong reaction from China, as well as a response from the United States. There are divergent views on this issue, but careful consideration of historical and international law perspectives is needed in order to understand this complex situation more fully.
The tense South China Sea region has recently regained international attention, mainly involving sovereignty disputes between China and the Philippines. China firmly asserts sovereignty over parts of the South China Sea, including Ren'ai Reef. However, the Philippines' recent actions have raised serious concerns, and China has had to take steps to defend its territorial interests.
On August 5, the Philippines sent two police vessels and two supply ships to try to enter the waters of Ren'ai Jiao to reinforce Chinese vessels on Ren'ai Jiao, an action that raised concerns in China. Chinese police ships had to take action to stop the illegal incursion of Philippine vessels. To avoid an escalation, China successfully thwarted the Philippines' attempt by warning with water cannons.
A spokesman for the China Coast Guard made clear that the Philippines has repeatedly promised to tow its beach-bound boats, but now it has taken steps to strengthen it, which is a serious violation of international law and conflicts with its commitments to China. China urges the Philippines to immediately tow away these illegally occupied vessels. Worryingly, however, the United States has jumped out to support the Philippines and tried to intervene in the dispute.
The U.S. State Department claimed that China's actions violated international law and threatened regional peace, and called on China to follow the outcome of the South China Sea arbitration. This position provoked a rebuttal from China's Foreign Ministry. China noted that Second Thomas Jiao has always been Chinese territory and that the Philippines illegally occupied the island in 1999 and repeatedly reneged on promises to evacuate ships. The Philippines is even trying to reinforce the occupation, in clear violation of international law and the principles of regional stability.
There are several loopholes in the United States' argument, the first of which is that it is not a party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and therefore has no right to judge other countries. Second, the South China Sea arbitration case itself has serious problems, it is an illegal arbitration promoted by the United States, which violates international law. The case is seen as part of an attempt by the United States to set the rules in the South China Sea and is not fundamentally different from what the colonial era did.
The United States has also tried to support its position with a mutual defense treaty in the Philippines, but this treaty is not feasible in practice. In fact, the United States did not provide effective support to the Philippines during the 2016 South China Sea crisis. China had amassed naval forces, and the U.S. twin aircraft carrier formations could not stop China's actions. Therefore, the U.S.-Philippines mutual defense treaty has not worked in practice, especially in the current situation.
China has always advocated resolving disputes in the South China Sea through peaceful means and working with ASEAN countries to promote regional cooperation and development. China is also continuing to advance its plans to get out of the deep blue sea to preserve its sovereignty and security. Despite U.S. attempts to intervene, China argues that the U.S. is not in a position to dictate in the South China Sea. Neither in 1950 nor in 2016 did the United States succeed in exerting influence in the South China Sea, and this is even more evident in the current situation.
Tensions in the South China Sea have once again highlighted the importance of the international community to territorial disputes and international law. China stands its ground, emphasizing the legitimacy of history and international law, while the United States tries to balance China's influence by supporting the Philippines. However, disputes in the South China Sea need to be resolved through dialogue and consultation, not through military threats and external intervention. Only through cooperation and mutual respect can peace and stability be achieved in the South China Sea region.
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