China News Network, October 5 (Sweet) On the 5th local time, the Nobel Prize Opening Week entered the second day, and the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences unveiled another blockbuster award. According to the Nobel Prize, the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to scientists Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann and Giorgio Parisi for their pioneering contributions to "our understanding of complex physical systems."
Turning over the history of the Nobel Prize in Physics, it is like opening a heavy book. In the 120-year history, from nuclear research to cosmic exploration, breakthrough research has changed your and my lives and written the future of mankind.
Image source: Nobel Prize official website.
3 scientists share the award
They help us understand climate change
Italian scientist Giorgio Parisi was awarded half of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for "discovering the interaction of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from the atomic to planetary scale," according to the official website.
The other half were awarded to scientist Syukuro Manabe and German scientist Klaus Hasselmann "in recognition of physical modeling of Earth's climate, quantifying changes and reliably predicting global warming."
According to the official website, Makoto's research shows how the increase in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere leads to an increase in the earth's surface temperature, while some of Klaus Hackellman's research has been used to prove that the increase in atmospheric temperature is due to human emissions of carbon dioxide.
When science shines into reality:
Will "escape the earth" become a reality?
Travel through the wormholes, explore new homes in a spaceship... The imagination of astronomy in science fiction has fascinated countless people. In recent years, the Nobel Prize in Physics also seems to be quite favorable to this field.
The 2020 award-winning research is about "the darkest secrets of the universe." British physicist Roger Penrose mathematically demonstrated that black holes can form and described them in detail.
According to reports, there is a singularity hidden in the core of the black hole, its space-time curvature is infinite, and the density tends to be infinite. Once matter begins to collapse, there is nothing to stop the collapse from continuing, and all matter can only go in one direction towards the singularity. And this is a "one-way street" to the end of time.
In 2019, Michel Mayor and Didier Queiroz from Switzerland won the prize for the first discovery of extrasolar planets.
Didier Queiroz said after winning the award that the discovery could lead people to find answers to whether there is other life in the universe. He believes that there are too many planets and stars in the universe, and that the chemical reactions that give birth to life must take place elsewhere.
Does this also mean that when Earth is no longer habitable, it is possible for humans to migrate to other exoplanets?
In this regard, Michel Mayor said that even the closest habitable exoplanet to Earth is dozens of light-years away, such a long space distance, with the current level of human technology, it is still impossible to reach.
"A new light that illuminates the world"
How many of these Nobel Prize achievements do you know around you?
Not only looking up at the starry sky overhead, the research results of Nobel laureates in physics have also profoundly affected everyone's life.
During the COVID-19 epidemic, when you call relatives and friends thousands of miles away to report safety, or look up information on prevention and control measures on the Internet, you have ever thought that these habitual conveniences are actually related to the 2009 Nobel Prize winner Kao Kun.
Known as the "father of optical fiber", as early as 1966, he made a breakthrough in optical fiber physics, calculating how to make light transmit over long distances in optical fibers, and finally promoted the advent of optical fiber communication systems, paving the way for the development of the Internet.
Infographic: Charles Kao, Nobel Laureate in Physics and "Father of Optical Fiber". Courtesy of CUHK, Hong Kong
French scientist Gerald Muru and Canadian scientist Donna Strickland made breakthrough contributions in laser physics by "harnessing" light, thus winning the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics.
The new technique they are working on, known as Chirp Pulse Amplification (CPA), is used in many fields such as physics, chemistry, and medicine, such as laser vision correction surgery, which requires the operation of the eyeball without discrimination.
Japanese scientist Isamu Akasaki, Japanese-American scientist Shuji Nakamura, and Japanese scientist Hiroshi Amano developed blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which brought bright, energy-efficient white light sources to the world.
The Nobel Prize Committee believes that hundreds of millions of people around the world do not have access to the power grid, and LED lights offer an extremely bright future for solving these problems." His research achievements have thus been described as "a new light that illuminates the world."
Numbers say The Nobel Prize
6 Chinese scientists won the award
From 1901 to 2020, the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded 114 times, with a total of 216 winners, including only 4 women.
25 and 96 years old: The youngest winner was Lawrence Prague, who was only 25 years old when he won the prize in 1915. The oldest is 2018 Nobel Laureate Arthur Ashkin, who was 96 years old when he won the award.
A couple file: In 1903, the well-known Curies won an award for their research on radioactive phenomena.
Six Chinese scientists: including Lee Jeong-do, Yang Zhenning, Ding Zhaozhong, Chu Steven, Cui Qi and Gao Kun. (End)
Source: China News Network