Safety is no small matter,
The lives of the masses of the people must not be joked.
Author: Feng Qunxing
Since taking charge of command and coordination, Yan Bin, deputy director of the Rescue Coordination and Preparedness Management Bureau of the Ministry of Emergency Management, seems to have suffered from "obsessive-compulsive disorder":
When the phone prompts sound, be sure to open it immediately, even if it is the middle of the night or early in the morning. After reading the information and making sure that there were no disasters, he could continue to sleep peacefully.
In 2018, the Ministry of Emergency Management was established and has been around for more than 5 years. One of the responsibilities of the Rescue Coordination and Planning Management Bureau where Yan Bin works is to undertake the on-site command, coordination and guarantee work of the National Command for Responding to Particularly Major Disasters, coordinate the mobilization of relevant emergency teams and resources, and guide the construction of local and social emergency rescue forces.
Whenever a disaster occurs or is likely to occur, he and his colleagues must be the first to know the situation. Only in this way can the department coordinate and guide and do a good job in the dispatch of emergency rescue forces.
With the continuous improvement of China's emergency management system and capabilities, some dangerous situations and disasters can be predicted and dealt with in advance. An important task of Yan Bin when he traveled was to check whether the emergency rescue forces in various places were in place.
"Maybe everyone will think that I am quite strict, but safety is no small matter, and you must not joke with the lives of the people!" Yan Bin said.
In May 2023, Yan Bin was at the site of the "Emergency Mission 2023" earthquake rescue exercise in alpine and valley areas.
The following is a conversation between Global Figures and Yan Bin.
Global figures: This year's No. 5 typhoon "Du Su Rui" made landfall with great intensity, wide impact and heavy damage. What challenges does this present in your job specifically?
Yan Bin: The most immediate challenge is that there are many departments and localities docked.
In our past experience, few typhoons will make landfall from the south like Du Surui, affecting the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and northeast China.
The Ministry of Emergency Management has been discussing with the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the China Meteorological Administration and other departments to study and judge the development trend of "Du Surui", strengthen communication and docking with typhoon transit areas, and guide key provinces such as Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Jilin and Heilongjiang that assist typhoon transit to make emergency preparations and mobilize emergency resources to participate in flood fighting, rescue and disaster relief operations.
Global People: In the process of fighting "Du Surui", we saw a lot of rescue forces, fire rescue personnel, PLA soldiers, armed police soldiers, volunteers... In the mainland's rescue system, what is their positioning?
Yan Bin: The emergency rescue force system with Chinese characteristics is based on the national comprehensive fire rescue team, the military emergency force as the assault, the professional emergency force as the coordination, and the social emergency force as the auxiliary.
The national comprehensive fire rescue team is the national team and the main force; The People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force are shock forces; Social emergency forces such as the Blue Sky Rescue Team and the Ram Rescue Team are auxiliary forces; In recent years, the rescue ability of professional emergency force "one specialty, multiple functions" has been continuously improved, and in addition to undertaking rescue tasks in the industry, it has also played an important role in responding to disasters such as earthquakes and floods.
On August 3, serious waterlogging occurred in the centralized resettlement site of Jingya Middle School in Zhuozhou City, and fire and rescue personnel from Hebei and Shandong spent 8 hours successfully evacuating more than 500 trapped people. (An Xuesong / Photo)
Global People: With so many teams and equipment, how to ensure the orderliness of rescue operations?
Yan Bin: On the surface, emergency rescue seems to be very simple, just go to the scene and carry out operations, but in fact, it is not.
What type and scale of rescue forces are needed at the disaster site? Everyone wants to arrive in the first place, will it cause congestion? Are roads leading to the disaster area passable? There are many details involved, and overall coordination and on-site command are very important.
Therefore, when a disaster occurs, the local party committee and government generally establish an on-site command organization, which is equivalent to the "brain" of on-site scheduling. After all emergency rescue forces arrive, report to the on-site command agency; After entering the disaster scene, the rescue task it undertakes must also be given by the on-site command organization.
In the rescue process, the rescue team should report the operation process in time to ensure that the on-site command organization can dynamically regulate and control according to the actual situation.
In order to improve the efficiency of rescue and rescue for "Du Surui", we have also established a mechanism to notify the rescue force by telephone, and organize the implementation of dispatch and implementation of procedures at the same time.
After clarifying the reinforcements, we will promptly submit the list to the on-site command organization, which will dock and deploy the task in advance. That is, the reinforcements are still on the way, their tasks and target areas are already clear, and they can quickly start operations after reaching the mission area.
Global People: In emergency management, "people will arrive first in the future of wind and rain, and rescue will come before disasters" is often mentioned. How to understand this sentence?
Yan Bin: Our term is "rescue force preset", which means to dynamically preset emergency rescue forces for major risks, key areas, important facilities and other situations in combination with disaster risk research and judgment to ensure rapid response when dangerous situations occur.
Take "Du Surui" as an example, it first landed in Fujian, what should I do if there is not enough rescue force in Fujian? Then it is necessary to consider presetting cross-provincial emergency rescue forces and materials and equipment in neighboring provinces such as Zhejiang, Guangdong and Hunan.
Global figures: "Dusuri" attack belongs to "wartime", but what about "peacetime"? How to continuously guarantee and improve rescue capabilities?
Yan Bin: What is more typical is emergency drills. From 2021 to this year, the Office of the State Council Earthquake Relief Headquarters and the Ministry of Emergency Management, together with the people's governments of Sichuan, Gansu, Yunnan and other provinces, held a series of "Emergency Mission" exercises, and achieved good results.
The three-year exercise focused on earthquake relief, but each focused on the subject.
In 2021 in Ya'an, Sichuan, it was mainly to deal with the "break, chaotic and slow" problems in particularly major earthquake disasters; In Zhangye, Gansu Province in 2022, it is a combat exercise in the alpine region of the plateau; This year in Lijiang, Yunnan, it was a joint exercise on the integration of air and ground for earthquake disasters in alpine and valley areas.
On the one hand, the exercise should explore and solve rescue problems under different conditions, and on the other hand, it also tested the organizational support, overall coordination ability and actual combat ability of the rescue team.
I participated in the last two exercises, and each time I had to stay on site for about two months to prepare for the exercise, which shows the complexity of dealing with real disasters.
On August 1, with the help of the Fangshan Blue Sky Rescue Team, the stranded residents were moved to safety.
Global People: Most of these problems come from real disaster cases, right?
Yan Bin: Yes, like the 6.8 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province in September 2022, we encountered rescue problems in alpine and valley areas.
Luding's "three disconnections", that is, "water cuts, power cuts, and network cuts", are very prominent, which not only hinders the entry and exit of people, but also makes it difficult for disaster victims to send information and be located.
In addition, conventional large-scale rescue equipment cannot be used, unfolded, or used in alpine and valley areas, and rescuers can only go to some locations on foot.
I remember a team that disappeared shortly after departure, and everyone was sweating. Although they quickly resumed contact with the command, even 10 minutes in such a situation was very excruciating.
Global People: Having worked on so many disaster sites, what are your outstanding experiences?
Yan Bin: One lesson is that we must continue to modernize our emergency management systems and capabilities, especially the application of high technology.
During the Luding earthquake, we launched a number of Wing Loong UAV aerial communication platforms, which can restore 50 square kilometers of mobile public network communication and establish an audio and video communication network covering 15,000 square kilometers, providing a strong guarantee for command and dispatch and video consultation.
Once I went to a province to check the pre-installed forces, and they did both ground and air deployments, which were a 4-hour drive on the ground and only 10 minutes by plane. How valuable the time saved is in situations such as rescuing the wounded.
Another experience is that our party's political superiority in centralized and unified leadership, its institutional superiority in concentrating forces to do major affairs, and the party's leadership and organizational superiority are very important.
Especially every time the rescue mission is completed, the heartfelt gratitude, touching and farewell scenes of the people make people feel even more profoundly: Without the guarantee of these advantages of our party and country, it is difficult to imagine the efficient organization and operation in the face of disasters.
In mid-May, Yan Bin participated in the "Emergency Mission 2023" air-ground integration joint rescue exercise for earthquake disasters in the alpine and valley areas in Lijiang, Yunnan.
Global People: The Ministry of Emergency Management has been established for more than 5 years. How has the mainland's emergency rescue force developed over the years?
Yan Bin: Based on the needs of all-disaster and large-scale emergency response, the national comprehensive fire rescue team has vigorously promoted the construction of key rescue forces, and has built more than 2,800 regional professional rescue teams in water, mountain, earthquake and other fields, with a total of more than 73,000 people;
Coordinate and promote the construction of national aviation emergency rescue forces, and deploy more than 80 large and medium-sized helicopters in the form of government procurement services every year;
Relying on China ANE Group, 12 natural disaster engineering emergency rescue centers and natural disaster engineering rescue bases of the Ministry of Emergency Management have been established, with a total of more than 2,400 people;
Set up 5 water engineering rescue teams in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River Basins, with a total of more than 230 people, equipped with 7 large-scale integrated command and engineering rescue vessels;
Build 102 national safety production emergency rescue teams radiating high-risk industries such as mines, hazardous chemicals, oil and gas field exploitation, oil and gas pipelines, and tunnel construction, with a total of more than 22,000 people;
Every year, more than 470 central enterprises and more than 63,000 people are connected with China Railway, China Railway Construction, China Communications Group, Xinxing Jihua Group, China Power Construction, China Energy Construction and China ANE.
We must promote the transformation of all kinds of emergency response forces from single-disaster rescue to comprehensive disaster rescue, and from territorial rescue to regional mobile rescue, which will become a sharp weapon for the country to effectively respond to serious and extraordinarily serious disasters.
Director system: Lv Hong
Producer: Zhang Jiankui
Editor-in-chief: Xu Chenjing
Editor: Su Rui
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