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A decision with little external pressure, but full of faith in the power and value of role models and firm confidence in the understanding of fellow citizens. Those were the words of 89-year-old Cuban leader Raul Castro at a conference. In the hall of the conference, more than 300 delegates stood up in unison and threw warm applause to the revolutionary vanguard, which echoed in the air.
The scene was set on April 16, 2021, in Havana, Cuba's capital, the day of the grand opening of the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba. Castro, who was still the first secretary of Cuba's Communist Party Committee at the time, stood in front of the podium and announced a historic decision: he would officially step down from the party's top leadership and entrust the country's responsibilities to a new generation of leaders.
When we think of Castro, Cuba is a socialist country. Of course, when people first think of Castro, they always think of Fidel Castro. Fidel, the founding father of Cuba, gave the island nation a strong socialist atmosphere. Raul Castro, on the other hand, is Fidel's younger brother.
Raúl Castro was born on June 3, 1931, on a large estate in eastern Cuba, the toddler of five children. Deeply influenced by his brother Fidel, Raul joined the Socialist Youth League in 1953. He was educated at the University of Havana, later joined the Communist Party of Cuba, and traveled to Eastern European countries, where he enriched his experience.
After their release, they went into exile in Mexico. There, Raúl not only actively organized and united people with lofty ideals, but also met the young Argentine doctor Che Guevara, and introduced his brother Fidel to join the cause of the Cuban Revolution.
In 1956, 82 soldiers, including the Castro brothers and Che Guevara, loaded with weapons and supplies, boarded the ship "Granma" and successfully landed in the southern province of Oriente. However, the ambush of the government forces caused heavy casualties to the revolutionary army, and the Castro brothers had to hide in the mountains of Maestra and wage guerrilla warfare with the government army.
Cuba's struggle against dictatorship was combined with the struggle of the peasants for land, and the Cuban revolutionary army won the support of the peasants, and the revolutionary force gradually grew. In 1959, under the leadership of his brother Fidel, the Cuban Revolution succeeded in overthrowing Batista's dictatorship and establishing a new government. Raul, on the other hand, took over the army and became the head of the Revolutionary Armed Forces Ministry.
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