Zhang Liang, who was known as one of the "Three Masters of the Early Han Dynasty" along with Han Xin and Xiao He, was a figure that even Sima Qian praised him, and Sima Qian once commented on him as: "In the midst of strategizing, victory is thousands of miles away."
However, there are many negative comments about Zhang Liang, because the allusion to Zhang Liang's "Shu Shang Shoushu" is too deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and some people even commented on him: "His life achievements are all thanks to the book of Jiang Taigong's "Tai Shi Gongshu" that he occasionally obtained, and his success is purely due to luck!" ”
What is the real Zhang Liang? The answer to this question has to go back more than 2,000 years ago, and only by removing the fog of history can we spy on a flesh-and-blood real Zhang Liang.
First, Zhang Liang had learned Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin, and after his failure, he planned to destroy Qin.
Today's world only knows "Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin", but they don't know: 9 years after Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin, that is, in 218 BC, Zhang Liang, who was the son of the former prime minister of Korea, also assassinated the King of Qin, and the end was equally tragic.
Zhang Liangzi Zifang, is a Korean in the late Warring States period, his ancestral home is Henan, he is a typical "boy and girl", that is, the gender of men and women's appearance, this kind of people, are very handsome, in physiognomy is also considered to be rich and noble.
Zhang Liang in the anime
Zhang Liang came from an aristocratic family, his grandfather Zhang Kaiji was the prime minister of the three Korean dynasties, and his father Zhang Ping was the prime minister of the two Korean dynasties. Born in such a family, in today's parlance is "born with a golden key", if nothing else, Zhang Liang will not only enjoy full glory and wealth, but also become the prime minister of Korea like his father.
But fate has always been fair, psychologically sensitive and sickly. Fortunately, because of his family's wealth, his body has been conditioned by many famous doctors.
When Zhang Liang was 20 years old, that is, in 230 BC, Qin Shi Huang sent troops to destroy Korea, and when the country was broken, Zhang Liang's home was also broken. It turned out that Zhang Liang's father, who was the prime minister, died because he saw the demise of Korea. From then on, Zhang Liang hated Qin Shi Huang's reign, and he vowed to avenge the destruction of the country.
In order to take revenge, Zhang Liang threw all his family belongings into the anti-Qin cause, and he did not even hold his brother's funeral. The simplest and rude revenge method that the young Zhang Liang could think of was: learn Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin.
Zhang Liang prepared for 12 years to carry out the assassination plan, and he finally decided on a foolproof assassination plan. This plan is: to build a big hammer weighing 120 pounds, and then select the world's first strong man, so that the strong man holds a 120 pound big hammer and directly smashes the government to death.
Zhang Liang spent a lot of money to find out the whereabouts of Qin Shi Huang's third eastern tour, and after that, he also had a key news: Qin Shi Huang's palanquin was easy to distinguish, because compared with other carriages, his carriage was six, that is, there were six horse-drawn carriages.
After everything was ready, Zhang Liang, Hercules and the others began to act, and according to the previous plan, they ambushed in a dangerous place. On that day, it was consistent with the content of the intelligence: Qin Shi Huang's convoy had 36 royal cars, which shows that Qin Shi Huang took great pains to prevent others from assassinating him.
After Qin Shi Huang's motorcade passed their ambush point, Zhang Liang ordered the strong man to rush to the most luxurious royal car in the center, and the brave strong man rushed to the carriage several times, and picked up the iron hammer and smashed the carriage, and the people inside also whimpered. Just when Hercules and Zhang Liang were happy, Qin Shihuang actually walked out directly from the six-car carriage behind him unharmed.
Qin Shi Huang
Zhang Liang, who had a premonition of smashing the wrong car, immediately fled from the grass, and the angry Ying Zheng issued a chase order for Zhang Liang to be arrested. Unfortunately, the former Korean nobleman became a wanted criminal overnight, and he had to live a life of escape.
During the escape, Zhang Liang had an epiphany: the assassination of Ying Zheng was simply the courage of the husband, and even if it succeeded, it would not play much role. To truly avenge the destruction of the country and the killing of his father, he can only find a way to overthrow the Qin Dynasty founded by Qin Shi Huang.
After realizing it, Zhang Liang, who did what he said, raised the banner of anti-Qin. In 209 BC, the 40-year-old Zhang Liang officially opposed Qin, and because he felt that he was weak, he decided to join Jingju, the leader of the peasant army. On the way, Zhang Liang encountered the rebel troops led by Liu Bang. During this period, he revised his revenge plan again, and he decided to assist Liu Bang in establishing the state, thereby overthrowing the rule of the Qin Dynasty and avenging his father's revenge for destroying the country.
Who would have thought that such a grand plan would actually be completed by Zhang Liang in the end! Thinking about it, if Qin Shi Huang, who was assassinated at that time, knew that the person who assassinated him would eventually join forces with Liu Bang to overthrow the rule of the Qin Dynasty, he would probably be willingly killed by him at that time. After all, compared to his own life, Daqin's Jiangshan community is more important.
Second, the strange book that Zhang Liang occasionally obtained was not the book of soldiers "The Law of War of the Taigong", but the "Book of Su".
When Zhang Liang was young, he once met an old man named "Huang Shigong" near the Picheng Bridge in Jiangsu, and got a strange book in the world. This historical story was completely recorded by Sima Qian in "Liuhou Shijia".
Sima Qian's strange book obtained by Zhang Liang is a book of the art of war called "The Art of War of the Taigong", written by Jiang Taigong. However, this is not the case. In fact, the strange book that Zhang Liang obtained that day was not "The Art of War of the Taigong", but a book called "Sushu".
And this mystery was revealed after Zhang Liang's tomb was stolen during the Chimei Uprising in the late Han Dynasty.
It turned out that a special funeral book was found in Zhang Liang's tomb, this book is the "Book of Su", and the reason why this book can become a funeral book is because it is the book that has the greatest influence on Zhang Liang's life. The book also clearly states that this book is the Zifang, that is, the strange book that Zhang Liang got from Huang Shigong.
However, what stunned everyone was that this book was not a book of soldiers, but just a book similar to a philosophy book with more than a thousand words. Unfortunately, when this truth was revealed, more than a hundred years had passed since Sima Qian's Shiji was written. Therefore, most people in the world today still mistakenly believe that the strange book that Zhang Liang got from the old man of Huangshi that day was the "Taigong War Law" contained in Sima Qian.
However, as Sima Qian recorded, Zhang Liang's life operation was indeed given by the old man Huangshi. He was able to help Liu Bang establish the Han Dynasty in the later period, largely thanks to this occasional "Book of Su".
This "Book of Vegetarians" from Zhang Liang's cemetery, with a total of more than 1,000 words, only talks about five core elements: "Tao, morality, benevolence, righteousness, and propriety." But such a thin book successfully explains the changing laws of human nature, society, and even everything in nature.
In other words, this book actually represents the highest state of learning: the inquiry into the laws of the world.
After Zhang Liang got this strange book, he "kept his hands on the scroll" and "studied it day and night", and never let anyone else touch this strange book. It can be seen that the weight of this book is extremely heavy for Zhang Liang.
Zhang Liang received comics
The reason why this book had a great influence on Zhang Liang is largely because he got it in the most painful years of his life. At that time, he was wanted for his failed assassination of the King of Qin, that is: he was on the run.
Therefore, in the allusions we read today, Zhang Liang was actually very forgiving when he was harassed by Huang Shigong's husband. Thinking about it, the old man made it difficult for him several times, and asked him to put shoes on himself, and Zhang Liang, who was a son of a nobleman, actually endured it. Old Man Huangshi felt that he had a very good character because of his forbearance. Who knows, Zhang Liang's forbearance at that time was somewhat because: he was wanted, and he felt in his heart that more was better than less.
Zhang Liang never expected that because of his forbearance, he actually got a strange book. After turning over the strange book, Zhang Liang, who was suffering greatly, received a treasure, and his pattern was completely opened after reading the "Book of Su". He no longer thought about his own selfish interests, he put aside the hatred in his heart, let go of the obsession of reviving the family, and decided to take the world as his own responsibility and prosper the world.
After his enlightenment, Liu Bang also formulated his own life plan: find a Ming monarch who can build a country and assist him in seizing the world. Moreover, according to the instructions of the Book of Su, this Ming monarch must have "virtue, faith, and righteousness", and the later Liu Bang was such a person.
Zhang Liang's emphasis on virtue in his life also has a lot to do with the content of this "Book of Plains" he obtained. Even his sudden retirement after his success has something to do with the content of the book, which has a quote: "If you don't meet it, you just have no body." This means: If the person you are talking to has changed a lot, quickly withdraw incognito. After Liu Bang established the Great Han, Zhang Liang felt that Liu Bang was no longer the Liu Bang at the beginning, so he went directly stealth without thinking.
When Zhang Liang decided to return to Lin Quan, he took the "Book of Su" with him, and since then, there has been no "Book of Su" in the Western Han Dynasty, and there is no longer a marquis Zhang Liang.
Third, Zhang Liang and Chen Ping competed for half their lives, and Chen Ping knew until his death that "small wisdom is no match for great wisdom".
Zhang Liang and Chen Ping are both Liu Bang's top advisers, and the two of them have a bit of a "left-hand right" feeling for Liu Bang. But we all know that most of our peers are opponents, and Chen Ping and Zhang Liang have been secretly fighting.
Compared with Zhang Liang, Chen Ping was not valued by Liu Bang at the beginning, which was naturally because firstly, Chen Ping had followed Xiang Yu, and secondly, Chen Ping defected to Liu Bang later. When Zhang Liang defected to Liu Bang, Liu Bang had just started his family, and Zhang Liang had defected to Liu Bang with his own army, and when Chen Ping defected to Liu Bang, Liu Bang had already claimed the throne.
In today's terms: Zhang Liang is more like the original shareholder of the Western Han Dynasty established by Liu Bang, while Chen Ping is more like a senior employee. Therefore, Zhang Liang is naturally more valued by Liu Bang.
Chen Ping and Zhang Liang
At the beginning, Chen Ping only served as a guard under Liu Bang, and the main task of this officer was to supervise the generals in the army, which was a job that offended people. It was not until Chen Ping unleashed his conspiracy and used gold to separate Xiang Yu's generals that Liu Bang listed Chen Ping as a confidant and reused it.
The separation between Xiang Yu and the general Fan Zeng, it was Chen Ping's first time offering Liu Bang a plan, and this plan, like his other conspiracies, was strange and strange. Chen Ping uses conspiracy and likes to use women as tools the most.
When Liu Bang was besieged by the Chu army in Xingyang, Chen Ping cleverly used women to help Liu Bang relieve the siege. The specific operation of his conspiracy was to let Liu Bang's subordinate Ji Xin pretend to be Liu Bang and lead more than 2,000 women to surrender in armor, and then, taking advantage of the fact that the attention of the Chu army was attracted by women, let the real Liu Bang and dozens of cavalry escape from the west of the city.
Afterwards, the angry Xiang Yu burned Ji Xin, and the 2,000 women who disturbed the attention of the Chu army were also disposed of by Xiang Yu.
The reason why Chen Ping was able to make the conspiracy brilliant is mainly due to his deep understanding of the characteristics of human nature. But Zhang Liang, who is also well versed in human nature, never uses conspiracy schemes, he only uses yang schemes.
Compared with Chen Ping, who has "six surprising schemes" and plans to harm people, Zhang Liang is very virtuous in his calculations, and the Yang schemes he uses are clever and never harm the innocent.
At the time of Xiang Yu's victory in Champa in the north, Liu Bangzheng led his army to Kaifeng to join Zhang Liang. When Liu Bang was worried about how to capture the Qin dynasty general Yang Xiong, Zhang Liang offered a plan: send a small number of troops to surround Kaifeng, bluff, lure the Qin army to support Kaifeng, and ambush the Qin army halfway. Liu Bang acted according to the plan and really defeated Yang Xiong.
In the Hongmen banquet, Zhang Liang also used Yang Mo to save Liu Bang. Zhang Liang also reminded Liu Bang from time to time: We must recruit talents, do not kill innocents indiscriminately, and win the hearts of the people.
Liu Bang and Zhang Liang
Of course, Chen Ping was aware of the gap between the conspiracy he used and the Yang scheme used by Zhang Liang, and because he knew that in his later years, Chen Ping, who had created too many murders with conspiracy, once sighed: "I have violated the taboo of Taoism by using more conspiracy in my life." If my family declines, it will be difficult to rise, and this is too much of the evil I have accumulated!"
After Chen Ping and Zhang Liang competed for half a life, they knew that small wisdom can never compare to great wisdom.
After Chen Ping's death, his grandson Chen He was indeed retributed, and he was sentenced to death for robbing someone else's wife, and the Chen family's fiefdom was abolished. Since then, the Chen family has declined.
On the contrary, Zhang Liang's family has produced outstanding talents such as Zhang Ling, the founder of Wudoumi Taoism, Zhang Jiuling, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, and Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical saint". Today, among the elites in various fields, almost all of them are descendants of the Zhang family.
The ending of Chen Ping and Zhang Liang's descendants really answered the sentence: the house of accumulation of good will have Yuqing, and the house of accumulation of evil will have remnants.