Peacock breeding techniques

Captive breeding peacocks is of great development value, considerable economic benefits, and broad market prospects. Now its breeding technology is introduced as follows: First, the breeding and breeding of finches 1. The site and the pen Peacock is timid and afraid of fright, requiring a quiet environment, the site is clean and dry, any noisy and sudden high-frequency sound will cause the flock to be frightened and chaotic, and make a frightened cry: such as being frightened during egg laying, immediately causing egg laying rate and fertilization rate to decline. The site for raising peacocks should be selected in a place with dry terrain and a quiet environment. The structure of the fence mainly considers good lighting, dry fence and ample activity space. On average, each breeding bird should have an activity area of about 8 square meters, of which 1/3 shades the sun and rain, 2/3 open air as a sports field, cover the fishing net at a height of 2.5 meters above the ground, use iron nets or dense bamboo strips as a fence around the fence, it is best to use iron nets below 1 meter high near the ground, and the frame of the fence can use angle iron, water pipes and other characteristics, and set up a beam perch (iron or bamboo) for peacocks to inhabit about 1.3 meters above the ground. In order to keep the barn dry and provide peacock sand bath conditions, the sports field should be covered with a coarse sand layer of 3 to 5 cm thick. Fruit trees can also be planted outside the sports field for shade. 2. Breeding management Peacock is large, metabolism is vigorous, feathers are plump, colorful and colorful, the male bird's rudder feathers are up to 1.1 meters long, the main wing feathers are up to 35 cm long, and the width is 6 cm, we have to meet these characteristics of it in feeding. Peacock omnivorous coarse feeding, beans seeds, poultry eggs, insects and other widely eaten, during the egg laying period, we mainly breed layer chicken feed, supplemented by wheat, corn, sorghum, peas, mung beans, bamboo beans, etc., and feed a small amount of yellow mealworms, duck eggs (cooked) and other animal feed. At the same time, the fence should always be kept dry and clean, and there should be sufficient drinking water and health sand. In addition, a small amount of chopped green materials should be given every day, such as cabbage, elephant grass, etc. Adult males are about 4.5 to 5.5 kg, females are 4 to 4.5 kg, the average daily food intake is about 250 grams, the diet is about 18% to 20%, and the energy per kilogram of feed is 2800 to 3000 kcal. Peacocks are docile, but be wary of individual males with fierce temperaments, often hostile to strangers or keepers, and pay special attention to such peacocks hurting people with their clawed beaks. In order to make the breeding finches grow robustly, deworming is carried out once a year before the beginning of winter, and the seedlings are selected and grouped and the chicken Newcastle disease I vaccine is injected at the beginning of the following year. 3. Mating and reproduction Under normal circumstances, the breeding of finches can be laid to 22 to 24 months of age, and the egg laying time is 3 to 8 months, generally starting to lay eggs before and after the "sting" of the lunar calendar every year, and each female finch can produce 28 to 35 pieces. In order to ensure the fertilization rate, the male and female ratio is mastered at 1:2 to 3, that is, each barn can only raise one male finch and equipped with 2 to 3 female finches, and two male finches cannot be raised at the same time in a bar, otherwise, during the mating period, the male finches compete to cause mutual fighting, affecting fertilization. The best use of peacocks is 5 to 6 years, the age is longer, and the fertilization rate of eggs is reduced year by year. Peacocks mainly mate their tails at 8 to 9 a.m. and 4 to 5 p.m. every day, and the male finches compete to open the screen before mating, and the females send out clucking courtship signals. At this time, it is necessary to keep the environment quiet and prohibit onlookers. The egg laying time is mainly at 17 to 21 o'clock in the afternoon every day, mostly in the sand in the shaded corner of the fence, using claws to plan a small nest to lay eggs, or artificially using old car tires, putting some straw in the middle as a nest to adjust the peacock to lay eggs. In order to reduce egg contamination, multiple egg inspections are performed before 22:00 p.m. 4. Incubation Artificially raised peacocks can be used to hatch with poor nesting, low hatching capacity, small number of feedings, and small amount of eggs. Due to the large size of peacock eggs (each weighs 100 to 110 grams), large hens can incubate 3 to 4 eggs per hen, and incubate, supplemented by artificial help to turn the eggs twice a day, hatch for 27 days to get out of the shell, can use the hen to breed at the same time. When the number of peacocks is large and the amount of eggs is large, the hatchery is used to hatch. Within 5 days after delivery, the eggs are disinfected and incubated in time, the temperature of the incubator is maintained at 37.5 °C, the relative humidity is 65% to 70%, and the general incubation time is 27 days. The peacock egg is thick in shell, which is the result of the peacock's natural selection, which makes it in the natural hatching egg temperature is not easy to lose, not easy to break, is conducive to its breeding offspring in the wild environment. In the case of artificial breeding using the incubator, we must put the problem of uniform heating of the incubated eggs into the incubation, and turn the eggs once every hour in the early stage of incubation, which is conducive to the uniform heating of the eggs and the normal development of the embryos, and is also an important practice to prevent the embryos from sticking to the eggshell. The embryos and eggs hatched for 25 days are transferred into the hatcher at a temperature of 37 °C and a humidity of 75%. For chicks that hatch for 27 days and are unable to get out of the shell, they should be given artificial "midwifery", carefully peel off the pecking line of the eggshell to help the chicks out of the shell, and the chicks after the shell are left in the machine to wait for the feathers to dry a little before moving out of the machine. Incubation should be rotated by someone on duty, and make various records, and adjust the temperature and humidity appropriately according to the changes in temperature and weather. 5. Brooding after the chicks come out of the shell, put in the nursery box, 1 to 3 days to maintain the temperature of 30 ~ 31 °C, a week of age insulation requirements of more than 28 °C, open food first feed 0.4% potassium permanganate water, and then feed chicken flower material and yellow mealworm. The chicks are very fond of eating mealworms, and after 1 week of age, they are placed in a layer cage brood (three layers), and the brood cage is 100×70×40 cm. 10 chicks are raised per grid at 1 to 2 weeks of age, 6 to 8 per block at 3 to 4 weeks of age, 5 to 5 per block at 5 to 8 weeks of age, and after 8 weeks of age, they are transferred to breeding finch pens, and each pen raises 10 to 12 birds. When brooding, a piece of disinfected sack piece should be placed at the bottom of the cage, and need to be changed frequently, keep clean and dry, feed the sink and the sink to supply water all day, add multivitamin B water to drinking water appropriately, replenish yellow mealworms regularly every day, gradually supply green material after 8 weeks of age, and drink water immunization once at 5 weeks old with chicken IV disease. 6. Breeding of the middle finches After the chicks grow to 8 weeks old, they are put into the breeding finch house for breeding, each pen area is about 30 square meters, raising 10 to 12 middle finches; the ground of the barn is paved with 3 to 5 cm coarse sand, keeping the pen dry, providing sand bath; the first feeding of chicken feed, gradually feeding seeds and beans, daily feeding a little cooked duck eggs or yellow mealworms, once a day for chopping green material, the pen is placed in the barn health sand. The middle finches are raised to autumn, about 6 months old, if eaten, can be properly bred finches, after slaughtering the carcass is beautiful, the color is light yellow, the muscle layer is thick, the muscle fiber is tender, the slaughter rate is 75%, the average consumption of each material is about 15 kg, and the meat ratio is about 1:4. The middle finches are raised for about a year and a half, gradually maturing, at this time to carry out the selection of species, select the growth and development of normal, healthy, strong feet, pubic bone distance of the individual as the reserve finches, while considering the crown feather arrangement, neck feathers, chest feather color status. Male-female ratio 1:2 ~ 3 a group, fixed barn feeding until the egg laying, then the energy feed should be properly controlled, to avoid fat deposition, affecting breeding. Peacock disease prevention Peacocks are wild birds and have formed a strong resistance to disease in long-term natural selection. In the process of breeding management in the past few years, keeping the environment quiet, less contact with the outside world, keeping the fence dry, clean and hygienic, and regularly disinfecting the fence is the basic work of disease prevention. In addition, we have also found the following diseases. 1. Pasteurellosis This is an acute septic infectious disease of peacocks, mostly seen in the onset of chicks, adult finches occasionally occur, the incidence of acute, high mortality, in late spring and early summer, more common, feed add oxytetracycline can be used for prevention, can be treated with streptomycin 20,000 to 30,000 units / kg. 2. Parasites in the body Because peacocks like to eat insects, so easy to infect with nematode disease and coccidiosis, we found that there are Huashou nematode, coccidiosis, with levamisole hydrochloride tablets, each adult finches fed 3 to 4 tablets, the effect is good, at least three times a year to deworm, coccidiosis can be controlled by coccidioides. 3. Vaccination with chicken plague vaccine to prevent the infection of finches. 4. Stress factors Peacocks are not domesticated, timid, susceptible to stress factors, resulting in accidental death. 5 Others In addition, there are blackheads, body lice, vitamin deficiency, foreign body damage, etc., which require us to carefully carry out breeding management, timely discover problems, and take effective measures to prevent and control in time.