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Text | LB
Edit | Fun History Research Society
●○Preface○●
Recently, a news in China shocked both at home and abroad and set off great waves in society.
On July 3, Chinese authorities said that gallium and germanium, as well as related synthetic metals, could no longer be exported without the approval of specific departments, and some of the most important and special resources needed to be approved by the State Council before they could trade.
China's move made some people applaud, laugh and say that they finally felt that they were raised their eyebrows, and some people couldn't help but worry, and this move also triggered a series of chain reactions, but in any case, China did this from the actual national conditions, to ensure its own resource security and national security, and secondly, to feedback the international environment and make a response to what happened outside.
In recent years, since the United States successively took office with two anti-China presidents, there have been few peaceful negotiations and peaceful and friendly exchanges between China and the United States, and the United States has often taken advantage of the current complicated international situation to constantly contain and suppress China.
From the beginning of ZTE's Huawei to varying degrees of restrictions and even punishments in the United States, the United States began a years-long chip war with China, from the beginning, the United States first put pressure on domestic companies through the government to restrict or even prohibit domestic chip export companies to China.
Later, the US government also made clear restrictions on TSMC's semiconductor technology, and without the permission of relevant departments, it was strictly forbidden to provide relevant technology transactions to China, otherwise there would be severe punishment.
Under such pressure, relevant domestic enterprises in the United States naturally have to stop trade with China, which has a great impact and blow on China's chip and other related semiconductor industries.
Once the import channels that China has been relying on are blocked, the production of related semiconductor products will be greatly forced to reduce efficiency or even be interrupted, not to mention that there are almost faulty technical barriers in the middle, and the US initiative may even directly affect the research and development of relevant technologies in China.
Sure enough, after the United States began to impose restrictions on the export of related technology products to China, China's mobile phone, computer and other industries were severely hit, and even fell into a trough for a while.
Moreover, the research and development of China's science and technology enterprises in chip technology has also lagged behind, which directly slows down the development speed of China's high-precision technology industry, and also makes the quality of related technology products produced in China decline, and the domestic market for technology products that need to use chips continues to decline.
The United States did not give up, and it continued to increase restrictions on the export of Chinese chips and semiconductor materials, not only materials and technology, but even later engaged in gang tricks to restrict China's access to advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment.
The Netherlands is one of them, constantly issuing regulations on the export of semiconductor manufacturing equipment, restricting exports, before the Dutch government has taken action, in the name of neutrality to restrict the export of domestic advanced lithography technology.
Recently, the Netherlands announced that not only cutting-edge equipment, but even more advanced chip lithography machines will be subject to strict export control, and can only be exported after approval and licensing by relevant departments.
Some people will say that this is only the Netherlands' export restrictions, and does not mean to target China, but in the past, China accounted for a very large proportion of the amount of advanced equipment exported by the Netherlands every year, that is, the Netherlands' action goal is actually to suppress China's high-end chip manufacturing, causing great trouble to China.
Japan is also actively following the pace of the big brother of the United States, and has begun to restrict various semiconductor technology and equipment importers around the world, of which China's imports of semiconductor-related products to Japan account for 30% of Japan's total exports.
It is precisely because of this that China is facing pressure from many sides, and its high-precision industries such as chips and semiconductors are blocked and curbed in this harsh environment, and it has to take corresponding measures to protect its own interests.
Some even think that this is China's wrong decision to violate international trade conventions and regulations, but in fact, China's restriction of the export of gallium, germanium and other important rare metals is fundamentally aimed at safeguarding its fundamental interests.
As necessary resources in the field of high-end science and technology, rare metal resources such as gallium and germanium play an extraordinary role in chips, 5G construction and new energy batteries. China naturally needs to consider its domestic development needs and ensure the development and progress of its high-end industries by implementing this national policy that is often practiced internationally.
Whatever the Chinese side's intentions, however, the move has had significant implications at home and abroad.
China's reserves of gallium and germanium are extremely large, both accounting for almost eighty percent or even ninety percent of the current world total, which means that almost all countries have more or less dependence on China's exports of such resources.
If the Chinese side really implements the announced policy, it will have a huge impact on the world's gallium and germanium trading market, and it may even be a devastating blow.
Not only that, once gallium, germanium and other important scientific and technological metal resources are restricted outflow, many countries that rely on imported resources to develop advanced high-end technology will be affected, and the development speed of high-precision industries may be delayed or even delayed, and among them, the United States, Japan and other high-end chips, the top technology industry foundation is good, the rapid development momentum of the country will be particularly seriously affected.
Moreover, once the flow of gallium and germanium in the market becomes less, then a large amount of demand from various countries will make these two metals in short supply, followed by skyrocketing prices, so that those countries that lack similar metal resources themselves can only exchange a small amount of raw materials for scientific and technological development at a greater cost.
This will undoubtedly bring economic and industrial impact to the world market, especially countries that rely heavily on the import of Chinese gallium and germanium.
On the other hand, in China, when the export of highly valuable metal resources such as gallium and germanium falls, the domestic supply will naturally rise sharply, followed by a decline in the price of these precious metals, which is also a convenient condition for the breakthrough of mainland chip research and development and new energy battery technology.
The abundant reserves of gallium and germanium have also laid a good foundation for China's subsequent high-end scientific and technological progress and advanced industrial development, and provided resource backing for the continuous progress in the future.
Although in the case of abundant resources, waste may occur in the process of R&D and utilization, but in general, it is a good policy to keep more important strategic metal resources such as gallium and germanium in China and properly preserve.
However, no matter what, although China is more to ensure its own development and interest security, it is also playing an objective effect, that is, with the reserve advantage of this scientific and technological metal, through the method of restricting exports, it has played a very strong deterrent effect on the United States and Japan and other countries that have been suppressing us in all aspects.
And this can also be seen as China's countermeasures to the previous technical isolation and political isolation by the United States, which also makes countries that once suppressed and contained China think twice about taking similar measures in the future and dare not act recklessly.
As for China's move, which is very likely to have a great impact on the world, countries naturally did not sit still and seek development amid opportunities and challenges.
Each country has a different position, and the current international environment is also different, so it is natural to formulate the policy that best suits the actual situation of the country in view of the current Chinese policy.
Since the United States does rely on China's imports of gallium and germanium, to a large extent, the high-precision development of the United States depends on the large sale of Chinese resources. Domestic companies in the United States are also in a dilemma, and said that they have actively applied for approval and permits from relevant Chinese authorities, so as to continue to obtain a stable supply of rare metal resources and ensure the healthy development of enterprises and the entire industry.
Japan, on the other hand, issued a ridiculous condemnation, claiming that China's move is to establish trade barriers, which is contrary to the development trend of economic globalization, and has great opinions on China's policy, and the subsequent Japanese side said that it will always monitor China, but also to continue to suppress China in the future to wear the hat of "justice".
Other countries are actively seeking opportunities, among which India is actively docking with the United States, reaching a number of cooperation with the United States, India does have great potential in the semiconductor industry, and its chip-related IT industry development degree and advanced level, is among the best in the world.
Moreover, the Indian government has issued relevant policies to actively support and guide the development of the domestic semiconductor industry and improve the development environment of semiconductors and related technology industries, so as to attract more semiconductor companies with remarkable achievements to settle in India.
This can not only give full play to India's talent reserve advantages in semiconductor product design, but also help India make a greater leap in such high-precision fields.
Southeast Asian countries, on the other hand, are clear about their own positioning, do not seize the high-end resource market, but start from the basic industry, actively dock with the high-precision industries of various advanced developed countries, and then carry out the primary processing of products, vigorously develop the processing industry, and first lay a solid economic foundation for their own countries.
Secondly, some countries in Southeast Asia also have a large population, although there is no comparison with China, but relatively speaking, it still has the market advantage of receiving high-end industries, of which Malaysia has also issued a notice to welcome advanced industries from all countries into the country's development chain.
Russia, which has recently had a grudge with the United States, has adopted a more conservative policy; Russia is also a country rich in various resources and minerals; under the premise of peaceful and stable development, it has a strong resource base, and the rapid development of basic industries and high-end science and technology industries is not a problem.
However, due to the obstruction of the United States, the Russian-Ukrainian conflict has been pulling the development of all aspects of Russia, and Russia is also facing pressure from all sides and is in a very dangerous situation.
Today, China's policy of great impact on the world is not necessarily a bad thing for Russia, because Russia itself has complete capital to develop independently, and now other countries are struggling to cope with the sudden changes that the market will come, so it gives Russia a respite.
Under this circumstance, Russia will naturally not miss the opportunity, and it decided to give priority to the development of the domestic market, first provide sufficient resources for the domestic market, lay the foundation for stabilizing the domestic economy and developing new industries, and also stimulate the vitality of the Russian domestic market and continuously carry out scientific and technological innovation.
In this way, Russia first stabilizes the national economy, which can stabilize society, pacify the people, and then restore the reputation and image of the government, and then solve internal and external problems one by one.
●○ is written at the end ○●
In any case, China's policy of restricting the export of gallium and germanium is reasonable, national interests must be put in the first place, the development of high-precision science and technology must be guaranteed, and sufficient reserves of strategic resources must be guaranteed.
And the United States, Japan, South Korea and other countries have been suppressing China, China can not swallow its anger, sit still, through this policy to a certain degree of countermeasures is an effective means to deter them, and obviously, the main object of countermeasures is also the United States, Sino-US relations have become more and more complex in recent years, but also not conducive to the development of the two countries.
After receiving the news, the United States said that it would not compromise easily, but would increase its pressure on China, and these targeted words will undoubtedly make the relationship between the two countries more and more cold.
Peace and development are naturally the trend of the times, and economic globalization is also the law of development, but there are always countries with great ambitions, and China will not only not fear or compromise, but will fight hard to protect its fundamental development interests.