In recent years, Xi'an has always regarded the construction of the "vegetable basket" project as an important political task and people's livelihood project, and made every effort to build a "vegetable garden" for the people and stabilize the "vegetable basket".
Walking into He Village, Tongyuan Street, Gaoling District, the "first village of the Northwest Greenhouse", from the supply and sales of tomatoes, see how Xi'an enriches and protects the "vegetable basket" of citizens.
Tomatoes "Cultivation"
In recent years, because of the full flesh, juicy and sweet and sour, a large number of Provencal tomatoes grown in Shaanxi have sold well all the way, becoming "net red tomatoes", some people say, one bite can awaken the taste in memory.
This year's Provencal tomato harvest season is nearing its end, and we will have to wait for next year without tasting it. From sowing to picking a tomato, the process can be delicate and exquisite. Today, crack the "cultivation note" of little tomatoes for you.
The Provencal tomatoes that are eaten now are sown in mid-to-late December last year, experienced a seedling period of about 35 days, planted from mid-to-late January to early February this year, began to set fruit from late February to March, and began to ripen and pick in mid-to-late April, bearing 4-5 layers of fruit, and the general mu yield is 4500-5000 kg.
From sowing to picking, a tomato goes through the stages of sowing, seedling management, plant planting, and field management, in this small half-year growth process, vegetable farmers should always pay attention to temperature, light, humidity and other environmental regulation, but also do a good job in water and fertilizer management, plant adjustment, fruit preservation and fruit thinning, disease and pest control. These include the following:
In terms of light management, the Gaoling area has a lot of rainy weather in early spring and weak light, so it is necessary to remove the cover as early as possible and late, and even pay attention to the dust on the cleaning film;
In terms of temperature management, after entering the result period, it is necessary to control the daytime temperature at 20~25 °C, the first half of the night 10~13 °C, the second half of the night 7~10 °C, the ground temperature 18~20 °C;
When spraying flowers and fruits, it cannot be sprayed at noon when the temperature is high to prevent the occurrence of drug damage and deformed fruits;
Plant adjustment is also very particular, the whole branch is best selected when there is no dew on the plant on sunny days, which is conducive to wound healing and reduces the infection of germs;
In the prevention and control of diseases and pests, it is more necessary to be careful, low temperature and humidity, no wind will cause gray mold epidemic, high temperature and drought are prone to viral diseases, high temperature and high humidity are prone to leaf mold and late blight, low temperature watering after stuffy shed or continuous rainy and snowy days, there will be physiological obstacles, etc., special attention should be paid to the comprehensive regulation of water, fertilizer, gas and heat.
In addition, the harvest period is also a lot of learning. The natural ripening process of tomato fruit can be divided into white ripening period, color change period, ripening period and full ripening period, and the best harvest is in the color change period, and it should be picked early in the morning.
How to ensure "safety on the tip of the tongue"?
From picking to selling, the whole process is revealed!
In the greenhouse of Master Lu, a vegetable farmer in Hecun, Master Lu said that the Provençal tomatoes he has grown in recent years are basically picked once every two or three days because of their quality and sales.
From picking to trading, there is a key link in the tomato - pesticide residue detection. Therefore, Bai Jian, head of the testing section of the Gaoling District Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Testing and Monitoring Center, conducted on-site testing.
Bai Jian said that for the agricultural products currently on the market, the rapid inspection vehicle for the quality of agricultural products will be driven directly to the field, and samples will be collected at different locations in each greenhouse to carry out rapid detection of pesticide residues, which will not only put good quality and safety first for the people, but also do not delay the sales of vegetable farmers.
The rapid detection of pesticide residues includes organophosphorus and carbamate, etc., the whole process can be completed on the car, it only takes 15 minutes from picking samples to the results, and after the test, agricultural products are issued according to the test results, which is a pass for agricultural products to enter the market.
Tomatoes that pass the test and get the certificate can be traded in the market. At the Hecun Vegetable Free Trading Market, farmers have come to deliver vegetables one after another with tricycles.
In the past, vegetable farmers sold vegetables by contacting and trading by themselves, and there would be problems of arrears and unfair prices, but the vegetable trading market in Hecun looked small, but it solved the worries of vegetable farmers.
Wang Qiang, head of the Hecun vegetable trading market, said that the market is open all year round, from 6:30 in the morning to 8 in the evening, all day long. In the current season, the large amount is cucumbers and tomatoes, and the daily delivery volume is about 50,000 to 100,000 kilograms. Merchants from all over the country came to pull vegetables, and at most, there were 200 cars a day.
As long as the vegetable farmers send the vegetables, they can sell them, and the price is based on quality, the quality of the vegetables in the Gaoling area is good, the merchants are willing to come, and the vegetable farmers can also sell at a good price. Moreover, vegetable farmers deliver vegetables in the morning and get the money in the evening, never defaulting. For Xi'an and surrounding areas, picking in the morning can be served on the same day.
Build a "vegetable garden" and stabilize the "vegetable basket"
It is understood that the large-scale development of the vegetable industry in Gaoling District has formed 10 facility vegetable production bases centered on He Village and radiated to drive Zhangjia Village of Luyuan Street and Zhangbu Village of Zhangbu Street. As an important bearing place of Xi'an's "northern span", Gaoling District takes the opportunity of building a vegetable industrial belt with modern facilities along Weiwei to build a 10,000-mu vegetable industrial base and a thousand-mu characteristic fruit base, make every effort to build a "Gaoling model" for the whole vegetable industry chain, and accelerate the construction of an urban-type modern agricultural strong area with Gaoling characteristics.
Guo Zenghu, deputy director of the Agriculture, Rural Affairs and Forestry Bureau of Gaoling District, said that based on the "vegetable basket" to stabilize production and supply, Gaoling District formulated and issued the "Incentive and Supplementary Measures for Promoting the High-quality Development of the Agricultural Industry (Trial)", and arranged a special fund of 30 million yuan for agricultural production development every year to ensure the high-quality development of the modern agricultural industry.
In the 2023 Xi'an Municipal Government Work Report, it is mentioned that the implementation of the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system, the construction and upgrading of 3,000 mu of vegetables, and the creation of a 10-billion-level vegetable industry chain.
It is reported that at the end of the first quarter of this year, the city's vegetable planting area exceeded 220,000 mu, and the vegetable output exceeded 400,000 tons. Xi'an has successively introduced 11 vegetable varieties and 175 new varieties such as pepper, tomato and green leafy vegetables, and selected and promoted new varieties and technologies for planting, which has effectively promoted the quality and efficiency of Xi'an's vegetable industry.
At the same time, Xi'an has solidly promoted the construction of the whole industrial chain of tens of billions of vegetables, comprehensively improved the supply capacity of vegetables, highlighted the upgrading of 70 vegetable supply bases and 15 leading enterprises of the main chain in the city, and built 6 specialized vegetable production and supply bases of more than 1,000 mu and 64 specialized production and supply bases of vegetables of more than 100 mu.
In order to further improve the supply capacity of the "vegetable basket", Xi'an has issued work plans such as "Vegetable Basket" Mayor Responsible for the Task Decomposition and Production Base Directory" and "Xi'an "Vegetable Basket" Commodity Guarantee Emergency Plan", so that the people are not afraid of no vegetable land, do not worry about no vegetables to eat, and more and more fresh agricultural products are harvested at night.
In order to ensure the "safety on the tip of the tongue" of citizens, this spring, Xi'an's "2023 Green Agriculture Blue Shield Action" was fully launched, with "source control, legal management, green agriculture, and ensuring safety" as the starting point to strengthen the safe production of vegetables and other important agricultural products. The quality and safety traceability system of agricultural products in Xi'an provides real-time online information inquiry on a regular basis, and agricultural products also have "ID cards", so that citizens can eat with peace of mind.
Through a series of solid work, Xi'an's "vegetable basket" work has achieved remarkable results, ranking excellent twice in the national assessment of the "vegetable basket" mayor responsibility system in 36 large and medium-sized cities across the country.
Editor: Xi Jing