Above: The meaning of officials and officials
There is a saying that the door of the Ya rushes south, and if there is no money, don't come in. It is about the ancient traditional Chinese society, which oppressed the virtues of the common people.
In fact, there are a lot of things here, to be honest, it was not done by the official master. Let's always say the word today, called official, in fact, the word should be taken apart and said, official is official, official is official, official is official, official is a formal establishment, we all know ah there is no need to explain. And the so-called "officials" are actually those informal temporary staff in the government. You are like the six doors that we are all familiar with, fast, fast, soap three kinds of servants, including the master belongs to the category of officials, many bad things are actually done by those "officials" privately.
In history, there was even a scene where some officials acted arbitrarily, and even the emperor had to personally supervise them, and even issued the strictest management regulations for small officials in history. The profession of "official" has been around for a long time, and there are officials and officials, so today I will talk about things related to officials.
The origin of the officials
I've seen "Water Margin", there is a big hero in it. Hu Baoyi and timely rain, Xiaoyi Heisaburo Song Jiang Song Gongming, before this Song Jiang went up Liangshan, was the commander of Yancheng, Shandong. Responsible for official documents, copying, and clerical work in the Yamen, that is, it belongs to the category of "officials". Don't look at the petty officials, there is money. Fight righteousness and loose money, and make friends all over the world. Many people say that Song Jiang has money because their family has money. In fact, he received bribes at work, otherwise how could he casually meet Yan Poxi on the street to sell his body and bury his father, so he spent money to help, and later specially got him a foreign house to raise.
Water Margin tells the story of the Song Dynasty, but "Water Margin" was written at the end of the Yuan, and the officials at the end of the Yuan Dynasty were already like this, and then it was even more terrifying in the Ming Dynasty.
In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang has to be responsible for this matter, Zhu Yuanzhang, this person, is more diligent, a special diligent emperor, but he is so old that he feels that the officials in the world have to be as diligent as him. Therefore, it puts a lot of pressure on officials, what should I do if this official can't do it? Then hire a large number of small officials to help, Zhu Yuanzhang also has a policy, that is, not to let small officials take the imperial examination, as long as you are a small official, the children and grandchildren cannot be examined. Then since there is no drama on the road, then earn money, the silver is cold, hold it in the hand, the heart is hot, no one sees the money and is not moved. If you don't get moved by the money, it's because you don't give enough.
The story of a Ming dynasty official
Hongwu 18 years. In Liyang County, Jiangsu, there is a small official named Pan Fu, who is in the Yamen, responsible for copying official documents and accounting for taxes. Just like Song Absi, there is a small man in the Yamen, but out of the Yamen, it is Uncle Pan. Taking advantage of his position, he made a lot of money, and the common people couldn't stand it, so they went to their boss Yamen to petition, and were beaten by Uncle Pan knowing that he led a group of people. Later, some people couldn't stand it anymore and went to Nanjing to file a complaint.
Zhu Yuanzhang came from a bitter background, and it was still relatively good for the common people, so the matter of suing the imperial court was not new at all during Zhu Yuanzhang's reign.
As soon as Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he sent someone to escort this Uncle Pan to Nanjing for trial, but he didn't expect to go to several waves of people, and he was stunned and didn't catch him. Zhu Yuanzhang was so angry that he couldn't even catch the small officials, how would he govern the world in the future?
Of course, in the end, this little official was caught, but hundreds of people were brought out to accompany the burial, what happened?
This Pan Fu ah, very similar to Song Jiang, also belongs to the kind of righteous and loose money, and has many friends. It can also be called Shiyu Hu Baoyi, if he looks black, then he can also be called Xiaoyi Kurosaburo.
As soon as Zhu Yuanzhang's holy decree was written, the news was spread by friends in Nanjing before Mo could do it, so Pan Fu ran away overnight, traveled to more than a dozen counties in the middle, lived in dozens of households, and finally ran back to Liyang County to play under the lamp.
Even in the end, this officer and soldier surrounded his home, and Pan Fu, this grandson, a good fellow, gathered hundreds of people to surround the officers and soldiers. This made Zhu Yuanzhang angry, and sent the Janissaries to encircle and suppress, which arrested this Pan Fu and the people who harbored him and sent them to Nanjing to be killed.
This story shows that in those days, the small officials were not only powerful, but also wide-ranging, even the regular army was not necessarily good, and ordinary people could not afford to provoke him. In the Ming generation, the problem of small officials was extremely serious, and it was not cured until the Qing Dynasty entered the customs. In the later years of the Kangxi Dynasty, there was such a thing in the household department of the capital.
The story of a Qing dynasty official
We all know that there were tax officials in Chongwenmen back then, whether they were doing business or setting up stalls, they needed to pay taxes when they entered Chongwenmen. Tax money enters the household every day, and in this household there is a small official in charge of collecting taxes, according to his own account, he is a clothed slave of a certain king in the dynasty. For every 1200 silver, you have to take out one or two silver, which is regarded as filial piety to this king, and many people understand that this money will go into his own pocket, but no one dares to ask, so everyone can only turn a blind eye.
How did this come to light? This is thanks to the stunned Qing Li Wei, who donated a real shortage in the later years of the Kangxi Dynasty and came to the household ministry to become an official. This Li Wei is not called a flower child, the second generation of the family is rich, and the family is particularly rich. It's that the academic performance is too poor to read. But his dream is to become an official, so he can only donate one, fortunately there was this system in the Qing Dynasty. Others donated officials in order to get Ben back, Li Wei is different, he has money, and he wants to be an official well.
Li Wei in the lobby of the household. An iron box was placed with the filial piety of King So-and-so written on it. Publicly said that Wang Ye is not short of money, let's not deduct from the tax money, let's donate directly to Wang Ye, I will come first a hundred taels.
When this happened in the lobby of Hubu, Wang Ye hurriedly said, we don't have this clothed slave in our family, no one should wronged me, this little official couldn't be deceived at a glance, and ran away overnight.
Li Wei's name, that is also broke out, it just so happened that the prince in charge of Hubu at that time was the future Yongzheng Emperor, the fourth brother Yinhe
This Li Wei was favored by Yongzheng, and later became one of the so-called four favored ministers, of course, this is a later story.
Reform of officials
In the Qing Dynasty, the prince was in charge of the six departments, and the Kangxi Dynasty was more common and special, and Yin Yu basically stayed in these six departments before he became the emperor. I knew too well that the little officials here were doing those dirty things, so as soon as they ascended the throne, they ordered the officials in the six ministries to work for a maximum of three years, and after three years, they could not be hired for life. In fact, I am afraid that these small officials have been in various departments for a long time, everything will be cleared, and there will be more opportunities to do bad things in the future, but unfortunately there are policies and countermeasures, so I will go to other departments to continue to work.
The Yongzheng Emperor looked at it and got it. Let's give another order, not only can you not do it in the main department, but the other five departments cannot do it, then it is easy to do. I went home and changed my name, and when I went back to another ministry, I would end it. At that time, there were no photos, the identity information was incomplete, these six films stayed for three years, and the six films were completed for 18 years, earning enough for the elderly, going home to eat, drink and have fun. Yongzheng really can't deal with this gang of people when he sees it, but he can't do it without them, he can't do everything personally, that's exhausting, then turn a blind eye.
I can't manage the six departments, but I have to manage the newly formed departments, so when Yong was forming the Military Aircraft Department, he specially emphasized that the Military Aircraft Department could not use small officials, and the lowest rank he had to be an official, even if he was only responsible for serving tea and pouring water here, he had to be an official, and he must not let this small official enter this last so-called pure land, and he specially ordered that he enter the military aircraft department privately and make a decision. In the late Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong was not yet the Minister of Military Affairs, and once he went to the door of the military aircraft with Prince Yi Dong, and he did not dare to enter the door, Zhang Zhidong said that this was the last instruction of Emperor Sejong, and those who trespassed on the military aircraft were beheaded. Even the emperor can't put this kind of little official down, so you can see how much this gang of people can toss, right?
These small officials even dared to pit when they were university scholars and relatives of the emperor.
Fukang An bribed the officials
In the 57th year of Qianlong, in 1792, Fu Kang'an, Fu Kang'an led his army across the Himalayas and forced the Gurkhas to surrender. In fact, it was today's Nebuchu who set up this so-called earth-shattering feat, and the Qianlong Emperor was overjoyed, and he was named a scholar of the Wuying Temple of Fu Kang'an, a first-class Jiayong Zhongrui Gong.
The battle is over, but you get the household to reimburse the military expenses. When you come to Hubu, the little official doesn't care what kind of university scholar you are, whether you are meritorious or not has nothing to do with me, your army has been out for so long, this account must be particularly complicated, but you can rest assured, we will expedite this matter. Fu Kang'an listened to it quite beautifully. My heart said that I am sure that you dare not embarrass me. Ask casually, how many days is this urgent? The officials looked embarrassed, what days? It's three years,
Fu Kang'an was stupid after listening to it, what account you count for three years. Just as he was about to get angry, this little official hurriedly said, "Oh, you know that Hubu is busy every day, don't you, say that it is urgent for you?" That can't bring everyone in either, right? What's more, you can't go wrong in this matter, in case you know that your side is fighting a good war, the military budget is unknown, and then suspect that you are full of pockets. That's more than worth the loss, isn't it?"
So we absolutely can't make a mistake in this, but such a complex account, day by day, one by one, must be clear, then it will take time and a lot of time, slow work and meticulous work.
Fu Kang'an knew that he was asking for money from himself, but he didn't want to give it, I had a knighthood, and I had to give you money. As soon as the little official saw that there was a door, he quickly said that you really have to deal with this matter quickly, and when he turned around, he asked how this military budget was?
As soon as you say, this is all clear, no problem, we will cooperate with you. It is indeed no problem to say that Lord Fu Kang'an not only fought well, but also remembered the accounts completely, both civil and military. That's a lot of face.
It sounds like a boast, in fact, it is a threat, whether you reimburse the military expenses or not, that is all a word from our little officials, Fu Kang'an understood as soon as he heard it, did not speak, and sent someone to send 100,000 taels of silver the next day. Tipping up and down the household department, reimbursement is considered foolish.
Postscript: Little ghosts are difficult
In traditional Chinese society, this kind of petty officials are too common, in addition to the so-called system problems, there is also a point that it is in line with human nature.
Let's always say a word, the king of Yan is good, the little ghost is difficult, the little ghost holds the power, then you must use this power to make money, right? Therefore, if human nature is unreliable, it must rely on a perfect system to restrict this power. And even the princes and nobles like Fu Kang'an have to be played with by the little ghosts, and these little officials, everywhere, if you don't believe it, you will wonder if there is always such a group of people who like to compete with you in unexpected places. Those people are actually small officials, which is a manifestation of today's small officials. Once you meet him, you say that even the emperor and prince are not in a rut, and we can get rid of the anger. Don't be familiar with them.
About the little thing about the "official", so much for today, have you ever been embarrassed. See you in the comment area!