Qing Dynasty History: 9 years after Nur Hachi's death, his daughter was executed by Emperor Taiji

In 1635, 9 years after Nurhach's death, his daughter Princess Hada's family was executed; More than a thousand soldiers of the Blue Banner were solved on the spot, and blood flowed in Shenyang City. At this point, Huang Taiji cleared the obstacles to becoming emperor, and the Eight Banners Xungui finally lost to the "fourth master".

Princess Hada, also known as Mang Guji, was the daughter of Nurhachi and her mother was the Daifuku Jin Dynasty. One day, Princess Hada was sad and sad, and her younger brother Dai was good at not being able to bear it, so he invited a banquet to entertain her sister and listen to her heart.

When Huang Taiji heard about the gathering of Daisan and Princess Hada, he was furious: "Big Belle and Princess, they openly challenge the authority of the Great Khan, who has the final say in this big gold." ”

In this way, a "purge" began, and the Eight Flags were destined to shed blood again. Because, the existence of Daisan and Princess Hada is a stumbling block for Emperor Taiji to ascend the throne and become emperor, and he wants to get rid of it quickly.

In 1626, Nur Hachi was defeated by Yuan Chonghuan and died depressed, and Emperor Taiji of Sibeile succeeded to the throne, but he was not happy at all. At this time, Huang Taiji had limited power and insufficient strength, and did not have the majesty of an emperor at all.

First of all, the "three major Baylors" such as Daishan, Amin, and Manggultai have heavy troops in their hands and can sit south with the Great Khan. During the last dynasty, Emperor Taiji first bowed and saluted his three brothers before accepting the worship of the courtiers.

Secondly, Huang Taiji only has 17 ox records under the white flag, and his son Hao Ge has 15 ox records with a white flag. The Eight Flags ranked in terms of strength, and Huang Taiji was at the bottom, and there was no confidence to compete with other banner owners. Later, even if Huang Taiji "changed the flag", it had little impact.

Politically, Huang Taiji must discuss politics with the big Baylors, and he is still his younger brother. Militarily, the army directly controlled by Huang Taiji is too small, and it is not as good as a banner owner. The Daishan family has 55 Niulu, Amin 33 Niulu, Manggultai 21Niulu, and the three brothers of Azige 45Niulu, all of which have more troops than Huangtaiji.

Emperor Taiji is very talented, naturally he does not want to be a "false king", he wants to monopolize power, break the system of "Heshuobel discussion" established by Nur Hachi, clean up the eight banners and nobles, and strengthen the power of the monarch.

Amin, son of Shulhazy and nephew of Nurhazi, took the lead in taking the knife. Huang Taiji used the power of the Ming army to clean up Amin and let him have words of suffering.

In 1630, Emperor Taiji evacuated the Central Plains and let Amin guard the four cities in Kannai, where he was beaten by the Ming army. Amin withdrew, and Huang Taiji made a big fuss about it, angered Amin, and then imprisoned him to death.

In this way, the Blue Flag 33 Niulu controlled by Amin was transferred to his younger brother Zilharang, a staunch supporter of Huang Taiji. Next, Huang Taiji wants to clean up the Manggultai family, but the problem is tricky, because too many people are involved, and they are all powerful.

Mang Gultai, son of the Gundai dynasty, and his sister is Mang Guji, who holds the Blue Flag. At the beginning of Nurhach's business, he formed the black flag, yellow flag, white flag, and many soldiers and horses of the blue flag came out of the black flag, and had a natural sense of superiority. The Emperor Taiji's zhengbai flag (before the flag change), most of them came out of the white flag, that is, the adopted Hada Department.

Huang Taiji's mother was from a humble background, and Manggultai was a "concubine", and Zhenglanqi felt noble about himself, so he didn't put Huang Taiji in his eyes at all. Later, Zhenglan Qi openly challenged and put on a rupture, and if it were not for the support of the Azig brothers and Daishan's "big picture", the Qing Dynasty would not exist.

There were many Mangurtai brothers, and there were not many who could fight in battle, and her sister Princess Hada married Mongolia. Princess Hada's two daughters were married to Yue Tuo, the eldest son of Daishan, and Haoge, the eldest son of Emperor Taiji. Among them, Yue Tuowen and Wu were both complete, holding a red banner, and without his support, Huang Taiji could not succeed to the throne.

The Daisan family and the Manggultai family are all from Nur Hachi's "concubine line", and their mother is Dafujin, with obvious advantages in identity. Moreover, the two major families are brothers, in-laws, and communities of interests. If you join hands and lift the table with an iron heart, Huang Taiji will not only have no chance to be the Great Khan, but also his life will not be saved.

In addition, the two major families originally hoped to inherit the lineage, but unfortunately they were planted because of "emotional problems". Daisan was originally a "prince", fornicated with Gundai, and was a murderer of Manggultai's mother, and was disqualified. Later, Daisan dated Dolgon's mother Abahai in advance, and Nurha was discouraged, and the family was disqualified.

Theoretically, neither of the two major families can succeed to the throne, but they both speak by strength, which Huang Taiji also knows. Moreover, they all have heavy soldiers, and they can "sit in the south" with the Great Khan, and when they are in the last dynasty, they must first salute their brothers before they can receive the courtiers, and it is self-evident who holds the right to speak.

So, how to clean up the Daisan family and the Mangurtai family? Huang Taiji was very clever, and he used the hand of the Ming Dynasty to "get rid of" Manggultai and vigorously attacked the soldiers of the Zhenglan Banner. In the battle of Daling River, the blue flag was playing the forward, and Huang Taiji did not support, sitting and watching them be strangled by the Ming army, which annoyed Manggultai.

Manggultai pulled out his saber and was about to cut Huang Taiji, but was pulled back by his younger brother. In this way, Huang Taiji convened a meeting of the Eight Flags to tell the situation of Manggultai's "Royal Blade", won the support of the Eight Flags Lord, beat him up, and then poisoned him, and ended up depressed.

What happened to Manggultai, Yue Tuo was very sympathetic, knowing the innocence of his uncle and uncle, and expressed dissatisfaction. The soldiers of the Blue Banner were even more ruthless, and under the leadership of the Derg class (the younger brother of Manggultai), they often showed hostility and prepared for a big battle.

On the Qingming Festival in 1635, more than 1,000 soldiers spontaneously went to visit the tomb of Manggultai and told their grievances in front of the tomb. After the tomb visit, they returned to Princess Hatha together for a meeting. This move made Huang Taiji very dissatisfied, so he tried to clean them up, and Daisan gave him a chance.

Not long after the "tomb sweeping incident", Lin Dan Khan's descendants surrendered, and 8 wives came to Shenyang. Emperor Taiji wanted Daisan to marry Namujong, but gave the most beautiful Sutai to Zilharang. Daisan said: "I am willing to marry Su Tai, not Na Mu Zhong", and refused several times in a row.

The Emperor Taiji said that Daisan just didn't want it, disgusted that she looked average and didn't bring much property, and the tribal people were very poor. Later, Huang Taiji had no choice, and for the needs of the Manchu-Mongolian marriage, he married Namu Zhong and gave birth to a son and a daughter.

Failed to get Su Tai, Daisan was depressed. At this time, Princess Hada was also not happy, and in addition to blaming her for receiving the soldiers of the Blue Banner, Huang Taiji also troubled her two daughters, saying that they failed to do the "way of husband and wife", and ordered punishment, as a mother, Princess Hada cut her heart like a knife.

The younger brother was "poisoned", the soldier of the blue flag was hit, he was scolded, his daughter was not guaranteed at all times, and Princess Hada almost fell into depression. "The same is the end of the world", Daisan sympathized with her sister and mother-in-law, so he set up a banquet for her to eat, and sent a lot of things to comfort her wounded heart.

"Inviting guests to dinner" was originally a common thing, but Huang Taiji made a big fuss, seized the opportunity, and wanted to take the opportunity to kill them all. So, how can this be done? Directly ordering the deposition of the knighthood is expected to cause unrest; Once the red flag, red flag, and blue flag join forces, Huang Taiji is estimated to be out.

Huang Taiji was very clever, he held a "Eight Flags Council" to win the support of Little Baylor, and said: "Daisan doesn't put me in his eyes, it's not interesting to be a big Khan, and then close the door, let them choose another big Khan, they still be Belle." ”

Zilharang, Azig, Dolgon, Dordo, and Abatai jointly signed a petition to "ask Emperor Taiji to come out and do things, express support for the actions of the Great Khan, and severely rebuke the crimes of Daisan and Princess Hada." "Even so, Huang Taiji still doesn't come out, because he needs to express his position on behalf of the good, and once he is not convinced, he really can't help it."

Daishan's view of the overall situation is strong, and he does not want to let the eight flags fall into a split, takes the initiative to admit his mistake, and gives up "sitting in the south" together. Huang Taiji accepted it when he saw it, and did not dare to provoke the Daisan family too much. However, the Mangurtai family suffered, Princess Hada was executed, and his brother Derg was suddenly "violently killed".

The more than 1,000 soldiers who participated in the gathering were all pulled out and beheaded, and then annexed the Zhenglanqi and incorporated it into their own and their son's tribe. In this way, Huang Taiji reorganized the yellow flag and the yellow flag (both after changing the flag), and the blue flag was once abolished. Later, some of the white flags incorporated into Hauge were renamed the blue flag.

Princess Hada's two daughters, Huang Taiji did not let go, and wanted to get rid of them quickly. The eldest son, Haoge, also sympathized with the plight of his mother-in-law and aunt, but he was helpless to be pressured by his father, and he wanted to get benefits, so he killed his wife with his own hands. Hauge's move was very unfavorable to himself, and later he did not dare to express his position on succession, that is, "virtue" was tainted.

Yue Tuo liked his wife and cousin very much, and he was worried that she would be killed, so he took the initiative to attack and played the Emperor Taiji: "Hao Ge killed his wife, I also want to kill her, break with the Princess Hada group, and hope that the Great Khan will agree." ”

Huang Taiji did not want to be accused of being a "murderer", he knew that Yue Tuo wanted to "dump the pot" and did not agree with him to kill his wife, but he was very dissatisfied with Yue Tuo. In 1638, Yue Tuo became seriously ill, and Emperor Taiji let him take the lead in crossing the Great Wall and the Ming army to die, and died of smallpox due to overwork; Dolgon, who then crossed the Great Wall, picked up the leak.

After Yue Tuo's death, his wife was left without protection and committed suicide. At this time, Huang Taiji secretly instructed others to search for evidence, and learned that Yue Tuo was related to the Princess Hada Group and had wanted to rebel. Daishan, knowing the meaning of "Four Masters", simply called Zir Harang and Dolgon, and demanded: "Dig Yue Tuo's grave and kill all his descendants as punishment." ”

Huang Taiji knew the truth of receiving it when he saw it, and Yue Tuo was his staunch supporter, if he did this, wouldn't it be cold to the hearts of his cronies. In this way, Huang Taiji pretended to rebuke Dai Shan and the others: "Yue Tuo's merits are incomparably outstanding and loyal, how can he rebel?" Do not listen to rumors. ”

After this "banquet incident", the stubborn Zhenglan Banner has completely disappeared, and the Daisan family is unwilling to provoke a civil war, swallowing their anger and clearing the way for Emperor Taiji to become emperor. At this time, Zilharang's blue flag, Hauge's blue flag, and his own yellow flag and yellow flag all supported the emperor.

Although the two white flags of Dolgon and Dordor have a deep contradiction with the two yellow flags, their wings are not full, and they dare not challenge Huang Taiji. Dai Shan holds two red flags, has a strong view of the overall situation, and does not want to be divided internally. In this way, Emperor Taiji said that the emperor had no obstruction, and took the "jade seal of the country" sent by the descendants of Lin Dan Khan to establish the Great Qing Dynasty.

Amin, Manggultai, and Daishan's "three major Baylors" are out, and the "three brothers" who once relied on Azig become new enemies, and Huang Taiji continues to lay out and clean them up. In 1641, Emperor Taiji launched the "Battle of Songjin", allowing Dolgon to fight against Hong Chengzhuo, and the Qing army lost the battle, and many people fled back to Shenyang.

Emperor Taiji seized the opportunity and ordered Dolgon's execution, and later pardoned Dan to reduce his knighthood. At this time, Huang Taiji did not dare to kill Dolgon, but he was already beating, taking Dolgon into the pit step by step. In 1642, Huang Taiji dragged the sick body to the battle, and Hong Chengzhuo was killed, and the Ming army once again lost to "logistics", and the Qing army also suffered great losses.

Winning the Battle of Songjin, Emperor Taiji's prestige reached the extreme, but Dolgon was left out in the cold. At this time, Emperor Taiji sent people to Shanhaiguan to contact the guards, expressing his willingness to reconcile with the Ming Dynasty, hoping that Chongzhen would give face so that he could free up his hand to clean up the potential challengers, the Dolgon family.

Chongzhen refused to reconcile, Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong swept the Central Plains again, and Huang Taiji took the opportunity to send troops over the Great Wall, but the commander was replaced by Abatai with the blue flag, and the two white banner soldiers were not even qualified to fight, and the purpose was self-evident. After the Qing army returned to the dynasty, Huang Taiji still wanted to "discuss peace" and buy time for himself to rectify his internal affairs, but he suddenly died violently.

Although Huang Taiji died, the "family world" he had laid out for 17 years had long been firmly established, and the forces supporting the royal family were very strong. In this way, Dolgon was eager to try the throne, but in front of the two yellow flags "drawing the sword duel", he expressed his support for the descendants of the previous emperor, and he did not think of anything.

It can be said that Huang Taiji was the founder of the Qing Dynasty, and without his measures to strengthen the power of the monarchy, it would be impossible to integrate the resources of the Eight Flags, and it would be mired in chaos and division. The Qing Dynasty entered the customs, and in the 268th year of the reign of the state, Emperor Taiji ranked first in merit and was irreplaceable.

Bibliography: Manuscripts of the History of the Qing Dynasty