Source: Shaanxi Science and Technology News
Author: Tindek
"In all historical periods of revolution, construction, and reform, our party has attached great importance to the cause of science and technology." This is what Xi Jinping pointed out when he delivered important speeches at the 20th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology. During the revolutionary period, the Communist Party of China explored and practiced the culture of building science, advocated the study of scientific knowledge and scientific methods, and established scientific ideas and scientific spirit. With the reform and opening up, we usher in the spring of science, scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization to promote the continuous improvement of the scientific and cultural level of workers. In the new era of rapid scientific and technological innovation, science and culture are prosperous, and the development of citizen science quality has entered a new stage. The wave of scientific and technological revolution in the great era has extensively and profoundly updated people's consciousness, thinking and behavior, and the increasingly distinct quality of science is manifested in the connotation of the times of China's ideology and culture, highlighting its role and value.
I. The Exploration and Practice of Scientific Culture and Scientific Quality in the Early Revolutionary Struggle of the Communist Party of China.
Attaching importance to science and technology, the development of science and culture, and the promotion of scientific quality are the innate qualities of Chinese communists. Chen Duxiu, one of the main founders of the Communist Party of China and the main leader of the early days of the party, advocated a new cultural movement at the beginning of the last century, founded and edited the "Youth Magazine" in September 1915, and since the publication of "Tribute to Youth" in the inaugural issue, based on nature and production and life, expounded the viewpoints of attaching importance to learning scientific knowledge, cultivating scientific ability, and establishing "scientific" "thinking", "belief" and "thought", reflecting the exploration of scientific quality by early Communists.
In 1919, Mao Zedong founded the Xiangjiang Review to respond to and support the new cultural movement, disseminate revolutionaries' ideological views on science and technology, scientific culture and the quality of the people, strengthen faith, vigorously disseminate Marxist scientific thought, and be full of confidence in the future and destiny of the Chinese nation. Mao Zedong's "Great People's Union", published in the Xiangjiang Review, has deep foresight and foresight: "The reform of the Chinese nation in other days will be more thorough than that of any nationality, and the society of the Chinese nation will be brighter than that of any nationality." Twenty years later, in January 1940, Mao Zedong published "On New Democracy", which expounded the cultural program of new democracy, that is, the establishment of a national, scientific and popular culture, under the overall grand vision of new democratic politics, the politics of the future and destiny of the Chinese nation. It reflects the scientific belief and scientific thinking based on the materialist view of history and dialectics, the scientific spirit of rational inquiry, the pursuit of truth, and the scientific spirit of optimistic struggle, the scientific quality of Marxist theoretical thinking that seeks truth from facts and unifies theory and practice, the scientific method of integration, and the advanced cultural accomplishment, scientific and technological knowledge and application ability that should be carried out. This is Mao Zedong's important point of view on science and culture and the scientific and cultural quality of communists.
The construction of base areas and liberated areas during the "War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" vividly practiced Mao Zedong's scientific and cultural thinking, and the Communists led the people in striving to cultivate and improve their scientific quality. It is specifically reflected in the economic and social work decisions of the Party Central Committee and grass-roots party and government organizations, the overall planning of production development and ecological construction, and the full play of the role of science and technology to serve the construction and development of base areas and liberated areas. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong's scientific and cultural thinking, the Yan'an period and the "War of Resistance" period created and formed a practical and effective science and technology system and a science and technology education mechanism that was conducive to the long term, which played an important role in China's economic construction and scientific and technological development after the founding of New China. In his "History of Science and Technology in the Yan'an Era," Wu Heng said that science and technology education in the Yan'an period followed the Marxist study style of integrating theory with practice, "attached importance to political and ideological education," and stressed that "the necessary knowledge and methods for studying problems should be given to the educated," "stipulated that political study should only account for 20 percent of the time, and 80 percent of the time should be devoted to studying culture and professional knowledge," and that "the trainees should have lofty ideals, a strong conviction to fight for national liberation, and for socialism and communism all their lives." At the same time, they must also master the necessary culture and certain professional knowledge, and master the ability to build border areas and the motherland. ”
Second, the party's innovative thinking has promoted scientific culture and scientific quality to become the distinctive connotation of the times in Chinese ideology and culture.
New China sounded the clarion call of "marching toward science", reform and opening up put forward the thesis that "science and technology is the primary productive force", and the role of workers' scientific and cultural level, production experience, and labor skills in industrialization and modern production is becoming more and more important.
In his speech at the opening ceremony of the National Science Congress in 1978, Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "Only by having a high level of scientific culture, rich production experience, and advanced labor skills can workers play a greater role in modern production." "In the new century, we should thoroughly implement the knowledge innovation project, the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, and the strategy of strengthening the country with qualified personnel, constantly improve the national innovation system, and build an innovative country, and the cause of science and technology has shown a very important strategic position and played a very important strategic role in the cause of the party and the people." Scientific and technological innovation has promoted the rapid development of high-tech industries, and the party's understanding of the scientific and cultural level of laborers in innovative thinking has risen to the height of the scientific and cultural quality of laborers, the quality of laborers, and the scientific quality of citizens.
In his speech at the Sixth National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology in June 2001, Jiang Zemin pointed out that the ideological, moral, scientific, and cultural quality of a country's people fundamentally determines the enhancement of its comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness. The level of scientific quality has a profound impact on people's use of knowledge, scientific thinking, and improvement of their ability to innovate in science and technology, as well as on the development of social productive forces and spiritual culture. At the National Science and Technology Conference in January 2006, Hu Jintao delivered a speech entitled "Persist in Taking the Road of Independent Innovation with Chinese Characteristics and Striving to Build an Innovative Country," in which he pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to the direction of science and technology serving economic and social development and serving the masses of the people, closely integrate scientific and technological innovation with the improvement of the people's living standards and quality, and closely integrate it with the improvement of the people's scientific and cultural quality and health quality, so that the achievements of scientific and technological innovation can benefit the broad masses of the people.
In the current era of scientific and technological revolution, our party put forward innovation as the first driving force, the comprehensive implementation of innovation-driven development strategy, the construction of a world science and technology power and other new ideas, the scientific and technological innovation in the core position of the overall development of the country, the formation of an efficient organizational mobilization system and overall coordination of scientific and technological resource allocation model, the basic frontier field research advanced advancement, original innovation to promote the key core technologies in important scientific and technological fields independent controllability, innovation chain industrial chain integration, major reform of the scientific and technological innovation system to enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system The ecological environment of talent innovation has developed well, the open cooperation in the field of science and technology has been integrated into the global scientific and technological innovation network, and the important strategic position of science and technology in the cause of the party and the people has been more prominent, and the important strategic role has been more fully brought into play. Scientific and technological progress comes from the enrichment and development of the party's innovative ideas, and innovation and development are inseparable from the improvement of the quality of laborers and the construction of innovative talents. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The quality of workers is crucial to the development of a country and a nation", "we must take innovation as the first driving force to lead development, take talents as the first resource to support development, put innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and constantly promote theoretical innovation, institutional innovation, scientific and technological innovation, cultural innovation and other aspects of innovation, so that innovation runs through all the work of the party and the country, so that innovation becomes a common practice in the whole society." ”
At the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology held in May 2016, Xi Jinping discussed the work of cultivating innovative talents: "The key to building China into a world science and technology power is to build a large-scale, well-structured and high-quality team of innovative talents to stimulate the innovation vitality and potential of all kinds of talents. It is necessary to greatly mobilize and fully respect the creative spirit of the vast number of scientific and technological personnel, encourage them to strive to become promoters and practitioners of innovation, and make planning, promoting, and implementing innovation a conscious action. Xi Jinping stressed: "Scientific and technological innovation and scientific popularization are the two wings of achieving innovative development, and scientific popularization should be placed in the same important position as scientific and technological innovation." Without the general improvement of the scientific quality of the whole people, it will be difficult to build a large army of high-quality innovations and realize the rapid transformation of scientific and technological achievements. "We can clearly see that the party's innovative ideas on scientific and technological innovation, scientific popularization and improvement of citizen science quality have been continuously enriched and sublimated, thus making the cultural quality of citizen science more prominent." The national economic and social development planning goals and long-term goals during the "13th Five-Year Plan" and "14th Five-Year Plan" period clearly put forward the "citizen science and cultural quality" and related "national quality" requirements. In the "Proposal of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for the Year 2035", the main goals of economic and social development in the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" period state: "The degree of social civilization has been newly improved, the core socialist values have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the people's ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality, and physical and mental health quality have been markedly improved." In the long-term goal of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035, it is clearly pointed out that China's scientific and technological strength will leap forward by a large margin, enter the forefront of innovative countries, build a cultural power, an education power, and a talent power, reach a new height in the quality of the people and the level of social civilization, and make more obvious substantive progress in the all-round development of the people. The Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-term Goals for the Year 2035 enriches the content of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. The party and the state's 13th and 14th Five-Year Plans for National Economic and Social Development and the long-term goal documents have given new connotations and missions to the construction and development of China's scientific culture and scientific quality.
Third, based on the concept of harmonious development between man and nature, fully understand science and culture, and promote the construction of citizen science quality.
The industrial changes triggered by the scientific and technological revolution will increasingly show the role and impact on economic and social development, especially the scientific and technological revolution that attaches importance to the construction of ecological civilization, which will play a vital role and influence on the development direction of ideology and culture. When talking about the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "It is to take Marxism as the guide, adhere to the position of Chinese culture, base ourselves on the reality of contemporary China, and combine the conditions of the current era to develop a national, scientific, and popular socialist culture that is oriented toward modernization, the world, and the future, and promotes the coordinated development of socialist spiritual civilization and material civilization." General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the "national scientific mass" culture of "three aspects" is fundamentally oriented to the scientific and technological revolution and the industrial transformation triggered by the scientific and technological revolution, and in the final analysis, it is oriented to scientific and technological innovation. Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the 20th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology: "Scientific and technological innovation has become the main battlefield of the international strategic game, and the competition around the commanding heights of science and technology is unprecedentedly fierce", "The vast number of scientific and technological workers in our country must face the world's scientific and technological frontiers, the main economic battlefield, the major needs of the country, and the people's life and health with the spirit of advancing with the times, the courage to revolutionize the past and the new, and the determination to persevere, face the world's scientific and technological frontiers, face the main economic battlefield, face the major needs of the country, face the people's life and health, and grasp the general trend. Seize the opportunity, face the problem, face the difficulties, shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted by the times, and strive to achieve a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement! ”
The development of a "scientific" culture is an important and distinctive directional feature entrusted to socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era. In a certain sense, the development of science and culture and the improvement of the scientific quality of citizens have risen to the factors that play a decisive role in the process of building a strong country in science and technology and a strong socialist modern country, and they are bound to be the basic work of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, which has a bearing on the overall situation of innovation and development. In addition, the improvement of the degree of social civilization, the further enhancement of the influence of Chinese culture, and the further enhancement of the cohesion of the Chinese nation will play a vital role. What is important is that the development of science and culture and the improvement of the scientific quality of citizens must emphasize the harmony between man and nature, and must attach importance to the construction of ecological civilization. "The way in which the economy and industry has developed over the past three centuries has upset the balance between humans and nature. The unlimited development of the economy, the exponential accumulation of capital, and the destruction of natural habitats for maximum profit seriously damage the bright prospects of human beings to continue to survive on the earth. (Paul Ferrero, "Promoting the Construction of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is the New Historical Mission of the Communist Party of China," Guangming Daily, June 29, 2021, 12th Edition) "The COVID-19 pandemic and the crisis it has triggered require the world to comprehensively rethink the 'neoliberal' development model. In this reflection, issues such as the sustainability of the ecological environment and peace and cooperation among peoples are closely intertwined. (Paul Ferrero: "Promoting the Construction of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind is the New Historical Mission of the Communist Party of China", Guangming Daily, June 29, 2021, 12th Edition) We should reflect on the crisis between man and nature, base ourselves on the concept of harmony between man and nature, fully understand the importance, urgency and arduousness of developing science and culture and promoting the construction of citizen science quality, always adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era, and put Xi Jinping's proposal on developing science and culture. The implementation of the ideological exposition on improving the scientific quality of the whole people is carried out in detail, and the arduous and glorious mission of building the scientific quality of citizens is inherited, making it an important link in the connotation of the new era, and making contributions to the construction of a scientific and technological power and a socialist modern country.