The study of the ancestors of the Xiong clan of the Chu royal family recorded in the "Chu Residence"
--- mother of the title of the Chu people "The Legend of Yuli"
(Professor ® Xiong Studio)
Warring States Bamboo Jane "Chu Ju" collected by Tsinghua University
"Yuli" is the wife of the cave (鬻熊) recorded in the "Chu Ju" and the mother of Liji (Xiong Li).
In the bamboo simplified "Chu Ju" collected by Tsinghua University more than 2,000 years ago by the historian of the Chu state recorded by the historian of the Chu state and the migration history of the residence of the king of Chu, the 2~4th brief recorded: The cave (bear) re-migrated to Jingzong, and the water was carried against the current, and the zhao Nie Er was the wife.
There are few records of Yanli in various historical sources, but Yanli is a very important historical figure in the history of the Chu royal family. Because the reason why the "Chu people" are called "Chu people", the reason why the "Chu State" is called "Chu State" is because of the "mother of the Chu people's title". We speculated on the history of Yuli and compiled the first "Legend of Yuli" to commemorate this great mother.
Chapter One: Research on Yanli's Life Speculation
妣利, Ren surname, given name 妣利; Wife of Chinese "cultural emperor" Xiong Xiong, mother of Xiong Li (鍆王酓丽), the predecessor of the "State of Chu" during the Zhou Dynasty. At the end of the Shang Dynasty, the princess of the Ren "Kingdom of Nie Er", the "Country of Nie Er" of the Ren family is located in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains, and is also the matrilineal country of Ji Chang the King of Zhou, according to legend, Ji Li (Ji Li), the father of King Ji Chang of Zhouwen, also married the daughter of the leader of the Ren tribe "Tai Ren" and gave birth to Ji Chang the King of Zhouwen. Therefore, Yu Li and King Wen of Zhou's mother "Tairen" may be sisters.
Around 1145 BC, when the Yellow Emperor's 35th grandson Huanxiong was 20 years old, he migrated from his maternal Western Qiang tribe at the western foot of the Qinling Mountains to Jingzong (Danyang) to succeed his father Xiong Jun as the head of the tribal alliance (Jing Wang Xiang), and inherited the king name "Cave Bear" of his ancestor "Cave Bear".
Huan Xiong heard that there was a beautiful princess called Yu Li in the "Country of Nie Er" of the Ren clan in the northern foothills of the Qinling Mountains, and in order to marry Princess Yu Li, Xiong Xiong formed a tribal alliance between the two sides, so he went along the Danshui against the popular boat to the Ren clan "Country of Nie Er" to propose marriage, and the leader of the "Country of Nie Er" of the Ren clan, "Ren Zhao", agreed to Xiong Xiong's request, and Huan Xiong married the beauty and returned strongly.
Chapter 2 Yuli gave birth to Xiong Li by cesarean section
After Yuli was married back to Jingzong (Danyang), the capital of the Jing Kingdom at the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains, Yuli was wise and virtuous, and assisted Xiong in managing the affairs of the Jing Kingdom, and was respected by the tribesmen.
"Yuli" bore two sons for Xiong, the eldest son "Uncle Kan" and the second son "Liji" (Xiong Li). Yan Li had difficulty giving birth when giving birth to Xiong Li, and Xiong Li's fetal position was not transverse and could not be delivered normally. When Yuli was about to give birth, after a long period of waiting for delivery, Xiong Li still could not deliver Xiong Li, and Yuli had a premonition that Xiong Li was about to be stillborn, so she ordered the witch doctors in the tribe to prepare to cut her abdomen with a knife to remove the fetus.
In order for Xiong Li to be born safely, Yuli had people build a "humanoid" wooden platform out of branches, she lay flat on the wooden platform, and asked the witch doctor to bind her hands and feet with "Chu tree strips" on both sides to prevent herself from stirring due to painful struggles when she was caesarean section. The witch doctor followed Yanli's orders and cut open Yanli's abdomen with a sharp knife, and successfully removed the fetus Xiong Li in Yanli's pain. This is also another record of caesarean section in the history of Chinese medicine more than 3,000 years ago.
Chapter Three: Yuli died by sacrificing his life to save his son
In order to save the life of her son Xiong Li during difficult labor, Yuli did not hesitate to be taken by caesarean section. When her son Xiong Li was successfully taken out, her mother Yanli died due to excessive blood loss. The witch doctors who performed the caesarean section for Yuli used the "tree silk strip" made by "Chu Shu Tiao" in the mountains near Jingzong (Danyang) to suture the wound and wrap the abdomen for Yuli.
The grief-stricken bears and the tribesmen held a grand funeral for Yuli, and the chiefs and clansmen of the alliance tribes of the Jing Kingdom came to Jingzong to put on a linen and wear filial piety for Yuli, and the long funeral procession, under the guidance of the priest, carried the coffin to the highest mountain near Jingzong, and the funeral was on the top of the mountain.
According to the third Jane of the Warring States Bamboo Jane "Chu Ju" collected by Tsinghua University: (妣利) Sheng Uncle and Li Ji, Li does not indulge, collapses from the threat, Yu Li is in the sky, witch and coercion Chu, and Chu people are now known as Chu people.
Chapter Four: Yu Li's son succeeded to the throne as the Chu people
Around 1113 BC, the tyrannical Shang king Wu Yi died, and the following year Yu Li's son Xiong Li, after his father Xiong Xiong accepted the invitation of King Shang Kuang to assist the Shang Dynasty in governing the world in order to realize his ideal of "blessing for the world", Xiong Li succeeded his father as the king of the Jing State of the tribal alliance in the southern foothills of the Qinling Mountains, known in history as "Jing King Yuli".
In order to commemorate the great mother who gave her life because she gave birth to herself, Xiong Li changed the title of the tribe to "Chu" with the "Chu Tree Stick" that wrapped her mother. Since then, the Xiong tribe surnamed Xiong of the Jing State has been renamed "Chu Tribe", and the tribal people are called "Chu people", and the mountain where Xiong Li's mother is buried is named "Chu Mountain", and the river flowing through the capital Danyang is renamed "Chu Shui".
Chapter Five: The Chu People and the Chu State Titles Circulate
The ancestors of the Xiong family of the Chu royal family were called "Jing people" after Ji Lian. According to the relevant records in the Bamboo Sketches of the State of Chu collected by Anhui University in 2015: "Li (Lu End) is Zhurong, with six sons, and his six sons, known as Jilian, are Jing people."
Since Yan Li died because he sacrificed his life to save his son, and his son Xiong Li succeeded to the throne as Jing King Yuli, he changed the title of "Jing people" of the Jing tribe surnamed "Chu people" to "Chu people", and when Zhou Cheng Wang Ji chanted the prince, when Xiong Yi, his great-grandson Xiong Yi, was given the title "Chu Zi", he changed the name "Jing State" to "Chu State".
Later, the State of Chu developed from a "small projectile country" with a radius of only about 50 li to the world's largest country during the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, which once had "5,000 li in place, a million armor, thousands of cars, 10,000 horses, and 10,000 horses." Even so, all the people in the region to which the State of Chu belongs are generally called "Chu people", and the water of all the rivers and rivers in the region to which the State of Chu belongs is generally called "Chu Water"!
And "Shuchu language, Zuo Chu sound, remember Chu land, and name Chu things" has become the most fashionable cultural inheritance in the Spring and Autumn Warring States period and its subsequent historical eras, but all this is due to the great mother of Yanli, the "mother of Chu titles"!
Due to the sparse documentation of Yanli, it was completely blank in the "Shiji" compiled by the Western Han historian Sima Qian, but fortunately, the deeds of Yanli were recorded in the collection of the Warring States Bamboo Jane "Chuju" in Tsinghua University, which revealed this history that had been sealed in dust for more than 3,000 years. However, due to the age, lack of historical materials, and many deficiencies, it is expected that more experts and scholars will enrich and correct them in further research and archaeological discoveries in the future.
Chengdu High-tech Zone Tianfu 4th Street "Professor ® Xiong Studio"
(The first draft Xiongdr was completed in June 2013, and revised and released on June 22, 2023 by "Professor ® Xiong Studio")